Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Study on health anxiety issues, health-promoting behavior, and quality of life of middle-aged women in Jeonbuk area

전북지역 중년여성의 건강염려, 건강증진행동 및 삶의 질에 대한 연구

  • Jeon, Sun Young (Major of Nutrition Education, The Graduate School of Education, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Chung, Sung Suk (Department of Statistics, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Rho, Jeong Ok (Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University)
  • 전선영 (전북대학교 교육대학원 영양교육전공) ;
  • 정성석 (전북대학교 통계학과) ;
  • 노정옥 (전북대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2020.09.07
  • Accepted : 2020.10.19
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the health anxiety issues of middle-aged women, their health-promoting behavior, and quality of life as well as to examine the relationship between these variables. Methods: The participants were 334 women in Jeonbuk area. Demographic characteristics, the status of health anxiety, health-promoting behavior, and life quality was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using a t-test, analysis of variance, Duncan test, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS ver. 24.0. Results: The score for health anxiety was 37.64 points out of a possible score of 60, and the score for health-promoting behavior was 79.18 points out of a possible score of 115. The score for the quality of life was 101.18 points out of a possible score of 150. The health anxiety scores showed significant differences, varying as per body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05), income (p < 0.05), occupation (p < 0.05), disease (p < 0.05), satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05), and interest in weight control (p < 0.05). The health-promoting behavior showed significant differences according to age (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.01), income (p < 0.05), menses (p < 0.05), intake of dietary supplements (p < 0.05), perception of body image (p < 0.05), and satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05). The quality of life showed significant differences according to BMI (p < 0.05), income (p < 0.01), education level (p < 0.05), occupation (p < 0.05), disease (p < 0.05), and satisfaction with weight (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that health-promoting behavior was the most influential variable on the quality of life, followed by disease and health anxiety. Conclusion: Based on these results, we conclude that it is necessary to consider educational programs on improving the quality of life of middle-aged women according to the health anxiety levels and health-promoting behavior.

본 연구는 전북지역 334명의 중년여성을 대상으로 건강염려, 건강증진행동 및 삶의 질의 수준을 조사하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 건강염려의 총점은 60점 중 37.64점으로 보통수준, 전체 평균값은 3.14점이었다. 하위항목 중 건강습관이 3.51점으로 가장 높았다. '흡연과 같은 해로운 습관을 피한다'가 4.04점으로 가장 높으며, '건강에 대하여 걱정한다'가 2.30점으로 가장 낮았다. 건강증진의 총점은 115점 중 79.18점으로 보통수준, 전체 평균값은 3.44점이었다. 하위항목 중 생활습관이 4.09점으로 가장 높았다. 문항 중 '흡연을 하지 않는다'가 4.25점으로 가장 높으며, '미역, 김, 다시마, 멸치, 우유 등을 자주 섭취한다'가 2.48점으로 가장 낮았다. 삶의 질의 총점은 150점 중 101.18점으로 보통수준이며, 전체 평균값은 3.37점이었다. 하위항목 중 사회적 요인이 3.63점으로 가장 높았다, '자녀와의 관계만족'이 3.72점으로 가장 높았으며, '전반적인 건강상태 만족'이 2.95점으로 가장 낮았다. 조사대상자의 일반적인 특성에 따른 건강염려는 'BMI', '가계월수입', '직업', '질병여부', '체중만족', '체중조절 관심'에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 건강증진행동은 '연령, 'BMI', '가계월수입', '생리여부', '건강보조식품섭취', '체형인식', '체형만족도'에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 삶의 질은 'BMI', '가계월수입', '학력', '직업', '질병여부', '체중만족'에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 삶의 질에 미치는 관련변수들의 상대적 영향력을 알아본 결과, 삶의 질에 대한 전체 1단계에서 BMI '18.5 이상 23.0 미만', 질병 '없음', 가계월수입 '500만원 이상'의 순이며, 설명력은 17.4%이었다. 2단계에서 건강염려 요인 투입에 따른 총 설명력은 23.2%이며, '건강염려'의 영향력이 가장 크며, 그 다음은 질병 '없음', 가계월수입 '500만원 이상'의 순이었다. 3단계 건강증진행동 요인 투입에 따른 총 설명력은 40.8%이었다. 삶의 질에 대한 예측변인의 영향력은 '건강증진행동', 질병 '없음', '건강염려'의 순이었다. 이상의 결과, 전북지역 중년여성의 건강염려 수준과 건강증진 행동은 보통수준이었다. 그러나 건강증진행동은 실제 삶의 질에 큰 영향력을 가지고 있었다. 특히, 질병 없는 건강상태는 건강증진행동을 실천하는데 중요한 동기부여가 될 수 있다. 따라서 건강염려 수준을 적절히 유지하며, 신체적 변화기에 있는 중년여성들의 건강관리 능력을 높이는 것이 삶의 질을 높이는 방안이라 판단된다.

Keywords

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