Journal of the Korean earth science society (한국지구과학회지)

The Korean Earth Science Society (한국지구과학회)
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Analyzing Rock Descriptors Used by Elementary School Students in Different Task Contexts

과제 맥락에 따른 초등학생들의 암석 기술어(記述語)에 관한 연구

  • Oh, Phil Seok (Department of Science Education, Gyeongin National University of Education)
  • 오필석 (경인교육대학교 과학교육과)
  • Received : 2020.02.10
  • Accepted : 2020.02.29
  • Published : 2020.02.29
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare rock descriptors used by students in two different task contexts and to suggest the characteristics of a task suitable for learning of rocks. Twenty-four 3rd grade students were given descriptive and inferential tasks about three types of sedimentary rocks, and the rock descriptors used by the students were analyzed from a resources-based view (RBV) about students' conceptions. The result showed that the number of students using everyday descriptors to describe properties of the rocks and the frequency of using the everyday descriptors decreased in the inferential task. It was also revealed that the students using disciplinarily more appropriate descriptors were more likely to infer the process of rock formation in scientifically valid ways. By contrast, student inferences lacking scientific validity were mostly those that used everyday descriptors to express properties of the rocks. Based on these findings, it was concluded that inferential tasks would be suitable for student learning of rocks which is to be authentic to the essential features of earth science practices.

본 연구의 목적은 두 가지 서로 다른 과제 맥락에서 학생들이 사용하는 암석 기술어를 비교하고 암석 학습에 적합한 과제의 특징을 밝히는 것이었다. 이를 위하여 24명의 초등학교 3학년 학생들에게 3가지 퇴적암에 관한 기술 과제와 추론 과제를 제시하고, 각 과제의 맥락에서 학생들이 사용한 암석 기술어를 학생의 개념에 관한 자원 기반 관점에 따라 분석하였다. 그 결과, 기술 과제에 비하여 추론 과제에서 일상적인 기술어를 사용하여 암석의 특징을 기술한 학생 수와 일상적인 기술어의 사용 빈도가 감소하였다. 또, 학문적으로 보다 적절한 기술어를 사용한 학생이 암석의 생성 과정에 대해서도 과학적으로 타당한 추론을 하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 반면, 과학적인 타당성이 부족한 추론들은 대개 일상적인 기술어를 사용하여 암석의 특징을 기술한 경우에 발견되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 지구과학의 본질적 특징에 적합한 암석 학습을 위해서는 추론적인 과제가 제시되어야 함을 논의하였다.

Keywords

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