Journal of the Society of Disaster Information (한국재난정보학회 논문집)

The Korean Society of Disaster Information (한국재난정보학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A study on the Application of Optimal Evacuation Route through Evacuation Simulation System in Case of Fire

화재발생 시 대피시뮬레이션 시스템을 통한 최적대피경로 적용에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Daeill (Institute of Urban Science, University of Seoul) ;
  • Jeong, Juahn (Institute of Urban Science, University of Seoul) ;
  • Park, Sungchan (Institute of Urban Science, University of Seoul) ;
  • Go, Jooyeon (Institute of Urban Science, University of Seoul) ;
  • Yeom, Chunho (International School of Urban Sciences, University of Seoul)
  • Received : 2019.11.18
  • Accepted : 2020.03.25
  • Published : 2020.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Recently, due to global warming, it is easily exposed to various disasters such as fire, flood, and earthquake. In particular, large-scale disasters have continuously been occurring in crowded areas such as traditional markets, facilities for the elderly and children, and public facilities where various people stay. Purpose: This study aims to detect a fire occurred in crowded facilities early in the event to analyze and provide an optimal evacuation route using big data and advanced technology. Method: The researchers propose a new algorithm through context-aware 3D object model technology and A* algorithm optimization and propose a scenario-based optimal evacuation route selection technique. Result: Using the HPA* E algorithm, the evacuation simulation in the event of a fire was reproduced as a 3D model and the optimal evacuation route and evacuation time were calculated for each scenario. Conclusion: It is expected to reduce fatalities and injuries through the evacuation induction technique that enables evacuation of the building in the shortest path by analyzing in real-time via fire detection sensors that detects the temperature, flame, and smoke.

최근 국내외적으로 기후변화로 인한 대형화재, 집중호우, 지진 등으로 재난발생 가능성이 높아지고 있으며, 특히 어린이와 노약자등을 포함한 다양한 사람들이 몰리는 전통시장, 노유자시설, 다중이용시설 등 이용자 밀집지역에 대형 재난사고가 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 연구목적: 본 연구에서는 화재발생 시 이용자 밀집시설에서 화재발생 사실을 조기에 감지하고, 대피자가 안전하게 대피하기 위해 빅데이터와 첨단기술을 활용한 재난감지 및 최적의 대피경로를 분석하고자 한다. 연구방법: 상황인지 기반의 3차원 객체모델 기술과 A*알고리즘의 최적화를 통한 새로운 알고리즘을 제안하고, 이들 활용한 시나리오 기반의 최적 대피경로 선정 기법을 제시하였다. 연구결과: HPA*E알고리즘을 이용하여 화재발생 시 대피시뮬레이션을 3D모델로 재현하고, 최적의 대피경로와 대피시간을 시나리오별로 산출하였다. 결론: 본 연구는 향후 우리나라에서 재난사고 발생 시 대피자가 안전하고 신속하게 대피할 수 있는 경로를 제시함으로써 인명피해를 줄 일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, J.H., Kwon, M.R. (2015). "Proposal of safe fire escape system for the day-care center and the kindergarten." The Journal of The Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication (IIBC), Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 297-301. https://doi.org/10.7236/JIIBC.2015.15.6.297
  2. Hong, E.K., Kim, M.S., Yeom, T.J., Park, M.J. (2017). "A Study on the Enough Space per Head about Inner Evacuated Facility." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 15-25. https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2017.03.31.15
  3. Jang, B.O. (2010). "Design and Implementation of Evacuation Simulation of Indoor Environment Fire." Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 1-8.
  4. Jang, M.S., Lim, K.S. (2016). "Planning Evacuation Routes with Load Balancing in Indoor Building Environments." KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems, Vol. 5, No. 7, pp. 159-172. https://doi.org/10.3745/KTCCS.2016.5.7.159
  5. Kim, H.K. (2017). "A Study of Evacuation Route Guidance System using Location-based Information." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol. 18, No. 9, pp. 18-23. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.9.18
  6. Kim, S.Y., Kim, G.Y., Hwang, I.H., Kim, D.S. (2018). "Research of IoT concept implemented severity classification system." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 28-35. https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2018.03.31.28
  7. Koh, Y.J., Go, N.U., Kim, C.Y., Lee, S.H., Park, S.S. (2018). "Real-time Fire Evacuation System based on Indoor Location Tracking and Route Optimization." Korea Information Science Society, 2018.12, pp.1659-1661.
  8. Kwon, J.G., Roh, Y.S. (2008). "The shelter course guidance system using a sensor network." The Korean Society Of Computer And Information, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 237-246.
  9. Min, S.H., Jin, S.J., Lim, T.H., Ha, J.H., Yoo, S.H. (2017). "An Analysis on the Economic Impacts of the Data Industry." Korea Information Science Society, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 25-50.
  10. Ministry of the Interior and Safety Portal (2017). "Statistical Yearbook of Natural Disaster, Disaster Yearbook." http://www.safekorea.go.kr/idsiSFK/neo/main/main.html.
  11. Shin, K.Y., Yeo, Y.J., Kim, J.H., Lee, J.D. (2018). "A Study on the Case of the Conflict between Technological Innovation and Regulation in ICT Convergence Industry." Innovation Studies, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 259-292. https://doi.org/10.46251/INNOS.2018.02.13.1.259
  12. Seo, D.G., Hwang, E.K., Kim, J.H., Kim, W.H. (2016). "An Experimental Study on the Cognition of Evacuation Sign in Large Exhibition Space." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 29-34. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2016.16.6.29
  13. Yoon, J.Y., Jin, Y.J., Park, S.Y., Lee, H.J. (2016). "Customized Evacuation Pathfinding through WSN-Based Monitoring in Fire Scenarios." The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 11, pp. 1661-1670. https://doi.org/10.7840/kics.2016.41.11.1661