Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
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Comparison of the Forage Quality and Productivity According to Varieties and Plant Parts of Imported Silage Corn (Zea mays, L)

도입 사일리지용 옥수수의 품종과 식물체 부위에 대한 사료가치와 생산성 비교

  • Kim, Jong Geun (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Li, Yan Feng (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Wei, Sheng Nan (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Jeong, Eun Chan (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Kim, Hak Jin (Research Institute of Eco-friendly Livestock Science, GBST, SNU)
  • 김종근 (서울대학교 국제농업기술대학원) ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • 정은찬 (서울대학교 국제농업기술대학원) ;
  • 김학진 (서울대학교 그린바이오과학기술연구원)
  • Received : 2020.06.05
  • Accepted : 2020.06.21
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to a comparison of the productivity according to variety and forage quality by plant parts of imported silage corn (Zea mays, L) in Pyeongchang. The corns evaluated in this experiment were 8 varieties (P1184, P1151, P1194, P1543, P1345, P1429, P1443, and P2105) introduced from the United States, Pioneer Hybrid Co. The harvested corn was divided into 5 plant parts (leaf, stem, cob, husk, and grain), and the ratio of each part was calculated using dry weight and the feed value was analyzed. The emergence rate of corn was generally good except for the P1151 and P2105 varieties. The average tasseling date was July 24th and the silking date was July 27th, but the P2105 variety was late to July 28th and August 1st, and the remaining varieties were similar. P1345 was the highest (289 and 123 cm), and P1151 varieties were the lowest (267 and 101 cm) in the plant and ear height. Disease resistance was low in P1184, P1443 and P1429, and P1197 and P1345 were high. In the case of stover, the dry matter (DM) content was the lowest at 19.6% in the P1151 and the highest at 24.9% in the P1429. DM content of ear was the highest in the P2105 (55.5%), and P1184 (54.2%) and P1345 (54.3%) were also significantly higher (p<0.05). The DM yield of stover of P2105, P1429 and P1194 varieties was significantly higher (p<0.05), and ear yield of P2105, P1345 and P1443 was higher. The proportions of each part of plants (leaf, stem, cob, husk, and grain) divided by 5 was high, with 50-60% of the ear(grain+cob) ratio. The ratio of husk and cob was roughly similar, and the leaf and stem part showed a ratio of about 20%. The crude protein (CP) content was highest in leaf, followed by grain. The CP content of the stem was the lowest, and the husk was not significantly different among the varieties (p>0.05). The acid detergent fiber (ADF) content was similar to the rest parts except grain, but the leaf part tended to be lower, and other parts except the stem and leaf showed no significant difference between varieties (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in NDF (neutral detergent fiber) content in husk, but there was a difference between varieties in other parts (p<0.05). In addition, there was a special difference by plant parts for each variety, P2015 on the stem, P1197 on the leaf, P1151 on the cob, P1197 on the husk, and P1197 on the grains with high NDF content. IVDMD (in vitro dry matter digestibility) was not significantly different between stems and grains, but there was a difference between varieties in cobs and husks. According to the results, DM yield of P2105 variety was the best in the experiment, and the ratio of grain was excellent in P1543 and P1345. In addition, it was found that the feed value was higher in the leaves and grains, and the leaf and stem had higher feed values than husk or cob.

본 시험은 도입되는 사일리지용 옥수수의 품종과 식물체 부위에 따른 사료가치와 생산성을 비교하기 위하여 수행하였다. 시험에 이용된 옥수수 품종은 미국 Pioneer Hybrid Co.에서 도입된 8개 품종(P1184, P1151, P1194, P1543, P1345, P1429, P1443 및 P2105)으로 강원도 평창군에 위치한 서울대학교 평창캠퍼스 내에 있는 시험포에서 수행하였다. 수확한 옥수수는 전체 5개 부위(leaf, stem, cob, husk 및 grain)로 분리하여 건조한 후 각 부위별 비율을 산정하였고 사료가치를 분석하였다. 옥수수의 출현율은 P1151 및 P2105품종을 제외하고는 대체로 양호하였다. 출수기는 평균 7월 24일, 출사기는 7월 27일 이었으나 P2105 품종은 7월 28일 및 8월 1일로 늦었고 나머지 품종은 비숫하였다. 초장 및 착수고에 있어서는 P1345 품종이 가장 컸으며(289 및 123 cm), P1151 품종이 가장 작았다(267 및 101 cm). 질병 저항성은 P1184, P1443 및 P1429에서 낮았고 P1197 및 P1345는 높았다. 건물함량은 경엽의 경우 P1151 품종에서 19.6%로 가장 낮았으며 P1429 품종에서 24.9%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 암이삭은 만생 품종인 P2105 품종이 가장 높았고(55.5%) P1184(54.2%) 및 P1345(54.3%) 품종도 유의적으로 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). P2105, P1429 및 P1194 품종의 경엽 건물수량이 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며 (p<0.05), P2105, P1345 및 P1443 품종의 암이삭 건물 수량이 높았다. 5개의 부위로 분리된 식물체(Leaf, Stem, Husk, Cob 및 Grain)의 각 부위별 비율을 살펴보면 대체적으로 암이삭에 해당하는 grain과 cob 합의 비율이 50~60%로 나타나 비교적 높은 비율을 보였다. 포엽(husk)와 속대(cob)의 비율은 대체적으로 비슷하였으며 잎과 줄기는 약 20% 내외의 비율을 보여주었다. 조단백질 함량은 잎이 가장 높았고 그 다음이 grain이었다. 줄기의 조단백질 함량은 가장 낮았으며 포엽(husk)은 품종간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). ADF 함량은 곡실을 제외한 나머지 부분은 비슷하였지만 잎 부분이 더 낮은 경향을 나타내었으며 줄기와 잎을 제외한 다른 부위는 품종간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). NDF 함량은 husk에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 다른 부위는 품종간에 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 또한 품종별로 부위에 따라 특별한 차이를 보였는데, 줄기는 P2015, 잎은 P1197, 속대는 P1151 포엽은 P1197 그리고 알곡은 P1197에서 NDF 함량이 높게 나타났다. 건물 소화율은 줄기와 알곡에서 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 잎과 암이삭을 구성하는 포엽과 속대에서는 품종간에 차이가 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 시험에 P2105 품종의 건물수량이 가장 우수하였으며 알곡의 비율은 P1543 및 P1345에서 우수하였다. 또한 사료가치는 잎과 곡실 부분이 높았으며 잎과 줄기가 husk나 cob보다는 사료가치가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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