Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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A study of participation in health-related decision and self-care competency in patients with chronic disease

만성질환자의 건강관련 의사결정에 대한 참여 정도와 자가간호역량에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2020.02.26
  • Accepted : 2020.06.05
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

This study investigated the correlation between the participation in health-related decisions and self-care competency and the factors influencing self-care competence of patients with chronic disease. The participants were 518 patients with chronic illnesses who were admitted to a public health center. Using a structured-questionnaire, the data was collected from January 1, 2019 to 31, 2019. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Scheffé tests, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression with the IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. The mean scores on the participation in health-related decisions and self-care competency were 3.62±0.20 and 4.57±0.34, respectively. The main variables that distinguish significant differences between participation in healthcare decisions and self-care capabilities are gender, age, education level, diagnosis, and subjective health status. Self-care competency was positively correlated with the participation in health-related decisions (r=.66, p=.043). Factors influencing self-care competence were education (β=-2.23, p<.001), health concerns (β=0.14, p=.003), subjective health statues (β=2.57, p=.011), and age (β=-0.36, p=.048). The input variables explained .56 of self-care competence. The results of the study indicate that approaches focusing on enhancing the participation in health-related decisions could potentially improve self-care competency of patients with chronic disease.

본 연구는 만성질환자를 대상으로 건강관련 의사결정에 대한 참여 정도와 자가간호역량의 관계를 확인하고 자가 간호역량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 2018년 1월 1일부터 1월 31일까지 경기도 소재 보건소에서 만성질환으로 진료를 받는 만성질환자 518명을 대상으로 시행되었다. 자가 보고식 설문지를 사용하였으며, IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple linear regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 건강관련 의사결정에 대한 참여 정도와 자가간호 역량의 평균점수는 각각 3.62±0.20, 4.57±0.34였고, 건강관련 의사결정에 대한 참여 정도와 자가간호역량과 유의한 차이를 타나낸 주요 변수는 성별, 연령, 학력, 진단받은 질환명, 주관적 건강상태이다. 건강관련 의사결정에 대한 참여 정도와 자가간호역량 간에 유의미한 양의 상관관계(r=.66, p=.043)를 나타냈다. 대상자의 자가간호역량에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 학력(β=-2.23, p<.001), 건강에 대한 관심정도(β=0.14, p=.003), 주관적인 건강상태(β=2.57, p=.011), 연령(β=-0.36, p=.048)으로 확인되었으며, 자가간호역량의 전체 설명력이 .56 으로 확인되었다. 이상의 결과는 만성질환자 간호 시 대상자 특성을 헤아려야 하며, 만성질환자의 자가간호역량을 높이기 위해 건강관련 의사결정 시 능동적인 태도를 독려해야 할 필요성을 제시하였다. 또한 추후 연구에서 만성질환자의 능동적인 참여를 이끌어낼 수 있는 가이드라인을 제시하는 연구를 시도해 볼 것을 제언한다.

Keywords

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