International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology

The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology (국제문화기술진흥원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Self-Disclosures on Facebook: The Two Faces of Narcissism

  • Lee, Jongmin (Department of Psychology, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Jihye (Department of Psychology, Korea University) ;
  • Song, Young-A (Korea Broadcast Advertising Corporation (KOBAKO)) ;
  • Ahn, Hongmin (Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Dongguk University-Seoul) ;
  • Lee, Eunji (Department of Psychology, Korea University) ;
  • Sung, Yongjun (Department of Psychology, Korea University)
  • Received : 2020.04.30
  • Accepted : 2020.05.23
  • Published : 2020.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Individual personality traits are key factors that affect users' self-disclosure on SNS. We examined the relationship between an individual personality trait (i.e., narcissism) and three dimensions of self-disclosure behavior on Facebook (i.e., intention, level, and control of self-disclosure). A total of 261 Facebook users completed an online survey. The findings showed that more narcissistic individuals engage in deeper levels of self-disclosure and do so with greater intentionality than previous research indicated. More interestingly, narcissistic users simultaneously tend to control their expressions in public by concealing who they really are. Overall, these findings suggested that the self-disclosures on Facebook must not investigated by a single dimensions for better understanding of psychological dynamics of it users. In addition, the present research suggested that the narcissism should not be regarded as a predictor which simply gives either a positive or negative influence on self-disclosing behaviors in SNS.

Keywords

References

  1. Facebook Reports Second Quarter 2019 Results. https://investor.fb.com/investor-news/press-release-details/2019/Facebook-Reports-Second-Quarter-2019-Results/default.aspx (accessed on Aug 23, 2019)
  2. N. B. Ellison, C. Steinfield, and C. Lampe, "The benefits of Facebook ''friends:'' Social capital and college students' use of online social network sites," Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 1143-1168, August 2007. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x
  3. D. boyd and N. B. Ellison, "Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship," Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 210-230, December 2008. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x
  4. S. Zhao, S. Grasmuck, and J. Martin, "Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 1816-1836, September 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.012
  5. A. Nadkarni and S.G. Hofmann, "Why do people use Facebook?" Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 243-249, February 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.007
  6. W. P. Special and K. T. Li-Barber, “Self-disclosure and student satisfaction with Facebook,” Computers and Human Behavior, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 624-630, March 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.11.008
  7. E. E. Hollenbaugh and A. L. Ferris, "Facebook self-disclosure: Examining the role of traits, social cohesion, and motives," Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 50-58, January 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.07.055
  8. L. Wang, J. Yan, J. Lin, and W. Cui, "Let the users tell the truth: Self-disclosure intention and self-disclosure honesty in mobile social networking," International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 1428-1440, February 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.10.006
  9. I. Altman and D.Taylor, Social penetration: The development of interpersonal relationships. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston. 1973.
  10. L. R. Wheeless, “Self-disclosure and interpersonal solidarity: Measurement, validation, and relationships,” Human Communication Research, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 47-61, September 1976. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00503.x
  11. E. Lee, J. Ahn, and Y. J. Kim, "Personality traits and self-presentation at Facebook," Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 69, pp. 162-167, October 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.05.020
  12. L. E. Buffardi and W. K. Campbell, "Narcissism and social networking web sites," Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 34, No. 10, pp. 1303-1314, July 2008. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208320061
  13. V. J. Derlega and A. L. Chaikin, "Privacy and self-disclosure in social relationships," Journal of Social Issues. Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 102-115, Summer 1977. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1977.tb01885.x
  14. M. Leary, Self-presentation: Impression management and interpersonal behavior. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996.
  15. R. Lin and S. Utz, "Self-disclosure on SNS: Do disclosure intimacy and narrativity influence interpersonal closeness and social attraction?" Computers and Human Behavior, Vol. 70, pp. 426-436, May 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.012
  16. N. Park, B. Jin, and S. A. Jin, "Effects of self-disclosure on relational intimacy in Facebook," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 1974-1983, September 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.05.004
  17. C. Ross, E. S. Orr, M. Sisic, J. M. Arseneault, M. G. Simmering, and R. R. Orr, “Personality and motivations associated with Facebook use,” Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 578-586, March 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.12.024
  18. T. C. Marshall, K. Lefringhausen, and N. Ferenczi, "The Big Five, self-esteem, and narcissism as predictors of the topics people write about in Facebook status updates," Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 85, pp. 35-40, October 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.04.039
  19. T. Ryan and S. Xenos, "Who uses Facebook? An investigation into the relationship between the Big Five, shyness, narcissism, loneliness, and Facebook usage," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 1658-1664, September 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.02.004
  20. M. S. Sheeks and Z. P. Birchmeier, “Shyness, sociability, and the use of computer-mediated communication in relationship development,” CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 64-70, February 2007. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2006.9991
  21. P. M. Brunet and L.A. Schmidt, "Is shyness context specific? Relation between shyness and online self- disclosure with and without a live webcam in young adults," Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 938-945, August 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.09.001
  22. J.M. Cheek and A. H. Buss, “Shyness and sociability,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 330-339, 1981. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.41.2.330
  23. L. A. Melchoir and J. M. Cheek, “Shyness and anxious self-presentation during a social interaction,” Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 117-130, January 1990.
  24. P. Sheldon, "Voices that cannot be heard: Can shyness explain how we communicate on Facebook versus face-to-face?" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 1402-1407, July 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.01.016
  25. A. Buss, "A dual conception of shyness," In J. A. Daly, J. C. McCroskey, J. Ayres, T. Hopf, and D. M. Ayres (Eds.), Avoiding Communication: Shyness, Reticence, and Communication Apprehension, pp. 109-127, Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 1997.
  26. B. Furbee and H. Ahn, "How Can Self Love Lead to Spying on Ex-Partners on Facebook?-The Effects of Ego Factors on Facebook Surveillance," International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp.187-193, December 2019. https://doi.org/10.17703/IJACT.2019.7.4.187
  27. S. M. Bergman, M. E. Fearrington, S. W. Davenport, and J. Z. Bergman, "Millenials, narcissism, and social networking: What narcissists do on social networking sites and why," Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 706-711, April 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.12.022
  28. S. Mehdizadeh, "Self-presentation 2.0: Narcissism and self-esteem on Facebook," Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 357-364, August 2010. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2009.0257
  29. E. Y. L. Ong, P. R. Ang, J. C. M. Ho, J. C. Y. Lim, D. H. Goh, C. S. Lee, and A. Y. K. Chua, "Narcissism, extraversion, and adolescents' self-presentation on Facebook," Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 180-185, January 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.09.022
  30. D. Liu and R. F. Baumeister, "Social networking online and personality of self-worth: A meta-analysis," Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 64, pp. 79-89, October 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2016.06.024
  31. B. Gentile, J. D. Miller, B. J. Hoffman, D. E. Reidy, A. Zeichner, and W. K. Campbell, "A test of two brief measures of grandiose narcissism: The Narcissistic Personality Inventory-13 and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-16," Psychological Assessment, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 1120-1136, December 2013. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033192
  32. L. R. Wheeless, “A follow-up study of the relationships among trust, disclosure, and interpersonal solidarity,” Human Communication Research, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 143-157, December 1978. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x
  33. W. K. Campbell and J. D. Foster, The Self, Psychology Press, pp. 115-138, 2007.
  34. P. Wink, “Two faces of narcissism,” Journal of personality and social psychology, Vol. 61, No. 4, pp. 590-597, October 1991. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.4.590
  35. H. Ahn, E. A. Kwolek, and N. D. Bowman, "Two faces of narcissism on SNS: The distinct effects of vulnerable and grandiose narcissism on SNS privacy control," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 45, pp. 375-381, April 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.032