Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of phytoplankton community and the characteristics of biological oceanographic environments in the Geum river estuary, West Sea of Korea in 2018

2018년 금강 하구해역 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간적 분포 및 생물해양학적 환경특성

  • Kim, Hye Seon (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Haryun (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) ;
  • Yang, Dongwoo (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) ;
  • Yoon, Yang Ho (Department of Ocean Convergence Science, Chonnam National University)
  • 김혜선 (국립해양생물자원관 생태보전실) ;
  • 김하련 (국립해양생물자원관 생태보전실) ;
  • 양동우 (국립해양생물자원관 생태보전실) ;
  • 윤양호 (전남대학교 해양융합과학과)
  • Received : 2020.04.10
  • Accepted : 2020.05.21
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

We conducted a seasonal field survey to analyze the distribution patterns of a phytoplankton community and biological oceanographic characteristics in the Geum river estuary in 2018. The results showed that the phytoplankton community consisted of 58 genera and 116 species, showing a relatively simple distribution. It was controlled by diatoms at 70.2%, a low number of species in winter and spring, and a high number in summer and autumn. The phytoplankton cell density ranged from 10.0 to 2,904.0 cells mL-1, with an average layer of 577.2 cells mL-1, which was low in autumn and high in winter. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton dominant species was mainly centric diatoms from winter to summer, including Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii, Cerataulina bergonii, and Skeletonema costatum-ls in winter, S. costatum-ls and C. bergonii in spring, and Eucampia zodiacus and Th. nordenskioeldii in summer. However, the autumn species depended upon the regions, with the inner bay dominated by the centric diatom, Aulacoseira cf. granulata, the mixed areas by S. costatum-ls, and the open sea by the dinoflagellate, Lingulodinium polyedra. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the phytoplankton community was greatly affected by the inflow and expansion of freshwater, including high nutrients, which are introduced annually through the rivermouth weir in Geum river estuary. However, the estuary, which is strongly affected by annual freshwater, was limited to areas near Geumran Island, which is adjacent to the river-mouth weir.

금강 하구해역 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간적 변동 및 생물해양학적 환경특성을 파악하기 위해 2018년 2월, 5월, 8월 및 11월, 4계절에 거쳐 15개 정점을 대상으로 현장조사를 실시하였다. 조사기간 동안 출현한 식물플랑크톤 종은 58속 116종으로 겨울과 봄에 단순하였고, 여름과 가을에 상대적으로 다양하게 출현하였다. 현존량은 가을에 10 cells mL-1에서 겨울에 2,904.0 cells mL-1까지 큰 변동 폭으로 평균 577.2 cells mL-1의 높은 현존량을 보였으며, 출현 종과는 달리 봄과 가을에 낮고, 여름과 겨울에 높은 현존량을 나타내었다. 우점종은 연중 규조류 점유율이 높았으며, 겨울은 Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii, Cerataulina bergonii, Skeletonema costatum-ls 및 Coscinodiscus angustelineata, 봄은 S. costatum-ls 및 C. bergonii, 여름은 Eucampia zodiacus 및 Th. nordenskioeldii, 그리고 가을 하구역은 Aulacoseira cf. granulata, 혼합해역은 S. costatum-ls 및 외해역은 Lingulodinium polyedra가 우점하였다. 그리고 주성분 분석에 의하면 금강 하구해역의 식물플랑크톤 군집은 연간 금강하굿둑을 통해 유입되는 높은 영양염을 포함하는 담수의 유입량과 확장 정도에 크게 영향을 받고 있었다. 그러나 하굿둑을 통한 직접적인 담수 영향은 금란도 주변까지의 영역에 한정되었고, 그 외 해역은 해수와 담수가 강하게 혼합되었다.

Keywords

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