Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society (한국수소및신에너지학회논문집)

The Korean Hydrogen and New Energy Society (한국수소및신에너지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on Ammonia Reforming Catalyst and Reactor Design for 10 kW Class Ammonia-Hydrogen Dual-Fuel Engine

10 kW 급 암모니아-수소 혼소엔진을 위한 암모니아 개질 촉매 및 반응기 설계에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2020.07.15
  • Accepted : 2020.08.30
  • Published : 2020.08.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Ammonia-hydrogen dual-fuel engine is a way to reduce greenhouse gas emission because ammonia and hydrogen are carbon-free fuels. In ammonia-hydrogen dual-fuel engine, hydrogen is supplied to improve the combustion characteristic of ammonia. In this study, an ammonia reformer was developed to supply hydrogen for 10 kW class ammonia-hydrogen dual-fuel engine. Thermodynamic characteristic and catalyst were investigated for ammonia reforming. Heat transfer was important for high ammonia conversion of ammonia reformer. 99% of ammonia conversion was obtained when 10 LPM of ammonia and 610℃ of hot gas were supplied to the ammonia reformer.

Keywords

References

  1. H. Lesmana, Z. Zhang, X. Li, M. Zhu, W. Xu, and D. Zhang, "$NH_3$ as a transport fuel in internal combustion engines: a technical review", J. Energy Resour. Technol., Vol. 141, No. 7, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4042915.
  2. R. Lan, J. T. S. Irvine, and S. Tao, "Ammonia and related chemicals as potential indirect hydrogen storage materials", Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, No. 2, 2012, pp. 1482-1494, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.10.004.
  3. C. Ginn, "The National Hydrogen Roadmap provides a blueprint for the development of a hydrogen industry in Australia", CSIRO, 2018. Retrieved from https://www.csiro.au/en/Do-business/Futures/Reports/Energy-and-Resources/Hydrogen-Roadmap.
  4. C. Rijksen, "Green hydrogen in ammonia production", Western Australia's Renewable Hydrogen Conference, 2018. Retrieved from http://www.drd.wa.gov.au/Publications/Documents/Hydrogen%20Conference%20Yara%20Chris%20Rijksen.pdf.
  5. K. Y. Koo, H. B. Im, D. Song, and U. Jung, "Status of COxfree hydrogen production technology development using ammonia", Journal of Energy & Climate Change, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2019, pp. 34-42, doi: https://doi.org/10.22728/JECC.2019.14.1.034.
  6. S. Iida and K. Sakata, "Hydrogen technologies and developments in Japan", Clean Energy, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2019, pp. 105-113, doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkz003.
  7. S. Muraki, "Development of technologies to utilize green ammonia in energy market", 2018 $NH_3$ Fuel Conference, 2018. Retrieved from https://nh3fuelassociation.org/wpcontent/uploads/2018/11/AEA-Imp-Con-01Nov18-Shigeru-Muraki-Keynote-Address.pdf.
  8. P. Dimitriou and R. Javaid, "A review of ammonia as a compression ignition engine fuel", Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, No. 11, 2020, pp. 7098-7118, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.12.209.
  9. C. Lhuillier, P. Brequigny, N. Lamoureux, F. Contino, and C. Mounaim-Rousselle, "Experimental investigation on laminar burning velocities of ammonia/hydrogen/air mixtures at elevated temperatures", Fuel, Vol. 263, 2020, pp. 116653, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116653.
  10. X. Han, Z. Wang, C. Mario, Z. Sun, Y. He, and K. Cen, "Experimental and kinetic modeling study of laminar burning velocities of $NH_3$/air, $NH_3$/$H_2$/air, $NH_3$/CO/air and $NH_3$/$CH_4$/air premixed flames", Combustion and Flame, Vol. 206, 2019, pp. 214-226, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.05.003.
  11. J. Jang, Y. Woo, H. C. Yoon, J. N. Kim, Y. Lee, and J. Kim, "Combustion characteristics of ammonia-gasoline dual-fuel system in a one liter engine", Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas, Vol. 19, No. 6, 2015, pp. 1-7, doi: https://doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2015.19.6.1.
  12. C. W. Gross and S. C. Kong, "Performance characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using direct-injection ammonia-DME mixtures", Fuel, Vol. 103, 2013, pp. 1069-1079, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.08.026.
  13. A. J. Reiter and S. C. Kong, "Combustion and emissions characteristics of compression-ignition engine using dual ammonia-diesel fuel", Fuel, Vol. 90, No. 1, 2011, pp. 87-97, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.07.055.
  14. C. S. Morch, A. Bjerre, M. P. Gottrup, S. C. Sorenson, and J. Schramm, "Ammonia/hydrogen mixtures in an SI-engine: engine performance and analysis of a proposed fuel system", Fuel, Vol. 90, No. 2, 2011, pp. 854-864, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.09.042.
  15. K. Tange, N. Nakamura, H. Nakanishi, and H. Arikawa, "Hydrogen generator, ammonia-burning internal combustion engine, and fuel cell", United States Patent, 2016. Retrieved from https://patents.google.com/patent/US9506400B2/en.
  16. S. Lee, M. Bae, J. Bae, and S. P. Katikaneni, "$Ni-Me/Ce_{0.9}Gd_{0.1}O_{2-x}$ (Me: Rh, Pt and Ru) catalysts for diesel prereforming", Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 40, No. 8, 2015, pp. 3207-3216, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.12.113.