The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Observation of Items Fed by Noctiluca Scintillans around Dokdo in Spring

춘계 독도 주변해역 야광충의 먹이생물

  • KANG, JUNG-HOON (Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST))
  • 강정훈 (한국해양과학기술원 위해성분석연구센터)
  • Received : 2020.07.21
  • Accepted : 2020.10.27
  • Published : 2020.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To understand on-site feeding traits of Noctiluca scintillans with unprecedented high abundances around Dokdo in spring, 2014, the composition and abundance of food items in the digestive vacuole of the species were analyzed. Abundances of N. scintillans ranged from 4,328~17,791 inds.m-3 around Dokdo during the study. The incidence of preyed items in the vacuole of N. scintillans ranged by averaged 32% (24~50%) in the surface waters around Dokdo. Diverse preyed items consisted of fecal pellet, protozoans, pollen, diatoms, dinoflagellates, copepods and ichtyoplankton, while fecal pellets were dominantly fed by N. scintillans (43%) and next by protozoans (19%), pollen (18%), diatoms (7%) and dinoflagellates (4%). Fecal pellet, protozoans and pollen were relatively preferred by N. scintillans compared to diatoms, dinoflagellates and ichtyoplankton based on the incidence in the food vacuoles. Present results indicated that high abundance of N. scintillans found around Dokdo was likely associated with non-phytoplankton items rather than previously well-known diatoms as prey during the study.

2014년 춘계에 독도 주변해역에서 전례없이 높은 개체수를 나타낸 야광충의 섭식특성을 이해하고자 야광충 식포 내 먹이생물의 조성과 출현량을 분석하였다. 출현 야광충 개체수는 4,328~17,791 inds.m-3이었고, 야광충 식포 내 먹이생물 출현율은 평균 32%(24~50%)이었다. 관찰된 먹이생물의 조성은 분변립, 원생생물, 꽃가루, 규조류, 와편모조류, 요각류, 어란, 그리고 치자어로서 매우 다양하였고, 분변립의 출현율이 가장 높았다(43%). 원생생물(19%)과 꽃가루가 18%를 차지한 반면, 규조류와 와편모조류가 각각 7%와 4%를 나타냈다. 식포 내의 출현율을 근거로 분변립, 원생생물과 꽃가루가 어란, 규조류, 와편모조류 그리고 치자어에 비해 더 선호된 것으로 여겨졌다. 본 연구결과는 연구기간에 독도 주변해역에서 출현한 높은 개체수의 야광충이 기존에 알려진 먹이생물 규조류보다 다른 먹이생물과 관련이 높음을 의미하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Association for Research and Conservation of Dokdo, 1999. The basic study for sustainment of marine environment and fishery resources of the Tokto area. Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, 544 pp.
  2. Baek, S.H., H.H. Shin, D.S. Kim and Y.O. Kim, 2011. Relationship between distributional characteristics of heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans and environmental factors in Gwangyang bay and Jinhae bay. Korean. J. Environ. Biol., 29(2): 81-91.
  3. Chihara, M. and M. Murano, 1997. An illustrated guide to marine plankton in Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 1,574 pp.
  4. Daan, R., 1987. Impact of egg predation by Noctiluca miliaris on the summer development of copepod populations in the southern North Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 37: 9-17. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps037009
  5. Dela-Cruz, J., P. Ajani, R. Lee, T. Pritchard and I. Suthers, 2002. Temporal abundance patterns of the red tide dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans along the southeast coast of Australia. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 236: 75-88. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps236075
  6. Dela-Cruz, J., J.H. Middleton and I.M. Suthers, 2003. Population growth and transport of the red tide dinoflagellate, Noctiluca scintillans, in the coastal waters off Sydney Australia, using cell diameter as a tracer. Limnol. Oceanogr., 48(2): 656-674. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.2.0656
  7. Dela-Cruz, J., J.H. Middleton and I.M. Suthers, 2008. The influence of upwelling, coastal currents and water temperature on the distribution of the red tide dinoflagellate, Noctiluca scintillans, along the east coast of Australia. Hydrobiologia, 598: 59-75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9140-z
  8. Drits, A.V., A.B. Nikishina, V.M. Sergeeva and K.A. Solov'ev, 2013. Feeding, respiration, and excretion of the Black Sea Noctiluca scintillans MacCartney in summer. Oceanology, 53(4): 442-450. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437013040036
  9. Escalera, L., Y. Pazos, A., Morono and B. Reguera, 2007. Noctiluca scintillans may act as a vector of toxigenic microalgae. Harmful Algae, 6: 317-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2006.04.006
  10. Fonda-Umani, S., A. Beran, S. Parlato, D. Virgilio, T. Zollet, A. De Olazabal, B. Lazzarini and M. Cabrini, 2004. Noctiluca scintillans MACARTNEY in the Northern Adriatic Sea: long-term dynamics, relationships with temperature and eutrophication, and role in the food web. J. Plankton Res., 26(5): 545-561. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh045
  11. Fukuda, Y. and H. Endoh, 2006. New details from the complete life cycle of the red-tide dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans (Ehrenberg) McCartney. Eur. J. Protistol., 42: 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2006.05.003
  12. Harrison, P.J., K. Furuya, P.M. Glebert, J. Xu, H.B. Liu, K. Yin, J.H.W. Lee, D.M. Anderson, R. Gowen, A.R. Al-Azri and A.Y.T. Ho, 2011. Geographical distribution of red and green Noctiluca scintillans. Chin. J. Oceanol. Limn., 29(4): 807-831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-011-0510-z
  13. Huang, C. and Y. Qi, 1997. The abundance cycle and influence factors on red tide phenomena of Noctiluca scintillans (Dinophyceae) in Dapeng Bay, the South China Sea. J. Plankton Res., 19(3): 303-318. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/19.3.303
  14. Kang, J.H., 2010. Distributional characteristics and carrying capacity of the potentially risky species Noctiluca scintillans at international Korean seaports. Ocean Polar Res., 32(4): 449-462. https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2010.32.4.449
  15. Kang, J.H., W.-S. Kim, O.Y. Kwon and K.H. Cho, 2016. Long-term variation of zooplankton around Dokdo in the East Sea. J. Korea Acad. Industr. Coop. Soc., 17(9): 422-430. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.9.422
  16. Kang, J.-H., W.-S. Kim, K.-I. Chang and J.-H. Noh, 2004. Distribution of plankton related to the mesoscale physical structure within the surface mixed layer in the southwestern East Sea, Korea. J. Plankton Res., 26(12): 1515-1528. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbh140
  17. Kang, J.-H., W.-S. Kim and J.-H. Shim, 2002. Species composition and abundance of zooplankton community in spring and autumn around Dokdo. Ocean Polar Res., 24(4): 407-417. https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2002.24.4.407
  18. Kimor, B., 1979. Predation by Noctiluca miliaris Souriray on Acartia tonsa Dana eggs in the inshore waters of southern California. Limnol. Oceanogr., 24(3): 568-572. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1979.24.3.0568
  19. Kiorboe, T., 2003. High turnover rates of copepod fecal pellets due to Noctiluca scintillans grazing. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 258: 181-188. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps258181
  20. Kiorboe, T., P. Tiselius, B. Mitchell-Innes, J.L.S. Hansen, A.W. Visser and X. Mari, 1998. Intensive aggregate formation with low vertical flux during an upwelling-induced diatom bloom. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43(1): 104-116. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1998.43.1.0104
  21. Kiorboe, T. and J. Titelman, 1998. Feeding, prey selection and prey encounter mechanisms in the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans. J. Plankton Res., 20(8): 1615-1636. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/20.8.1615
  22. Kitatsuji, S., H. Yamaguchi, T. Asahi, K. Ichimi and G. Onitsuka, 2019. Does Noctiluca scintillans end the diatom bloom in coastal water? J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 510: 10-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2018.09.006
  23. Mcleod, D.J., G.M. Hallegraeff, G.W. Hosie and A.J. Richardson, 2012. Climate-driven range expansion of the red-tide dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans into the Southern Ocean. J. Plankton Res. 34(4): 332-337. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbr112
  24. Miyaguchi, H., T. Fujiki, T. Kukuchi, V.S. Kuwahara and T. Toda, 2006. Relationship between the bloom of Noctiluca scintillans and environmental factors in the coastal waters of Sagami Bay, Japan. J. Plankton Res., 28(3): 313-324. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbi127
  25. Mohamed, Z.A. and I. Mesaad, 2007. First report on Noctiluca scintillans blooms in the Red Sea off the coasts of Saudi Arabia: consequences of eutrophication. Oceanologia, 49(3): 337-351.
  26. Mohanty, A.K., K.K. Satpathy, G. Sahu, S.K. Sasmal, B.K. Sahu and R.C. Panigrahy, 2007. Red tide of Noctiluca scintillans and its impact on the coastal water quality of the near-shore waters, off the Rushijulya River, Bay of Bengal. Curr. Sci., 93(5): 616-618.
  27. Nakamura, Y., 1998a. Growth and grazing of a large heterotrophic dinoflagellate, Noctiluca scintillans, in laboratory cultures. J. Plankton Res., 20(9): 1711-1720. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/20.9.1711
  28. Nakamura, Y., 1998b. Biomass, feeding and production of Noctiluca scintillans in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. J. Plankton Res., 20(11): 2213-2222. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/20.11.2213
  29. Park, C. and J.K. Choi, 1997. Zooplankton community in the front zone of the East Sea of Korea (the Sea of Japan): 1. Species list, distribution of dominant taxa, and species association. J. Korean Fish. Soc., 30(2): 225-238.
  30. Quevedo, M., R. Gonzalez-Quiros and R. Anadon, 1999. Evidence of heavy predation by Noctiluca scintillans on Acartia clausi (Copepod) eggs off the central Cantabrian coast (NW Spain). Oceanol. Acta., 22(1): 127-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0399-1784(99)80039-5
  31. Sarma, V.V.S.S., J.S. Patil, D. Shankar and A.C. Anil, 2019. Shallow convective mixing promotes massive Noctiluca scintillans bloom in the northeastern Arabian Sea. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 138: 428-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.054
  32. Shanks, A. and K. Walters, 1996. Feeding by a heterotrophic dinoflagellate (Noctiluca scintillans) in marine snow. Limnol. Oceanogr., 41(1): 177-181. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1996.41.1.0177
  33. Shim, J.H., 1994. Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna & flora of Korea: Marine phytoplankton. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 487 pp.
  34. Shim, J.H. and T.-S. Lee, 1986. Studies of the plankton in the southwestern waters of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) (III) Zooplankton-standing stock, composition and distribution. J. Oceanol. Soc. Kor., 21(3): 146-155.
  35. Suzuki, T., K. Yamamoto and T. Narasaki, 2013. Predation pressure of Noctiluca scintillans on diatoms and thecate dinoflagellates off the western coast of Kyushu, Japan. Plankton Benthos Res., 8(4): 186-190. https://doi.org/10.3800/pbr.8.186
  36. Tsai, S.-F., L.-Y. Wu, W.-C. Chou and K.-P. Chiang, 2018. The dynamics of a dominant dinoflagellate, Noctiluca scintillans, in the subtropical coastal waters of the Matsu archipelago. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 127: 553-558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.041
  37. Uhlig, G. and G. Sahling, 1990. Long-term studies on Noctiluca scintillans in the German bight population dynamics and red tide phenomena 1968-1988. Neth. J. Sea Res., 25(1-2): 101-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(90)90012-6
  38. Xiang, C., Y. Tan, H. Zhang, J. Liu, Z. Ke and G. Li, 2019. The key to dinoflagellate (Noctiluca scintillans) blooming and outcompeting diatoms in winter off Pakistan, northern Arabian Sea. Sci. Total Environ., 694: 1333396.
  39. Yilmaz, I.N., E. Okus and A. Yuksek, 2005. Evidences for influence of a heterotrophic dinoflagellate (Noctiluca scintillans) on zooplankton community structure in a highly stratified basin. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. S., 64: 475-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.03.011
  40. Yoo, J.K., S.H Youn and J.K. Choi, 2006. Temporal fluctuation and ecological characteristics of Noctiluca scintillans (Dinophyceae) in the coastal waters of Incheon, Korea. Korean J. Environ. Biol., 24(4): 372-379.
  41. Yoo, K.I., 1995. Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna & flora of Korea: Marine zooplankton. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 415 pp.
  42. Zhang, S., P.J. Harrison, S. Song, M. Chen, H.S. Kung, W.K. Lau, C. Guo, C.-J. Wu, J. Xu and H. Liu, 2017. Population dynamics of Noctiluca scintillans during a bloom in a semi-enclosed bay in Hong Kong. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 121: 238-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.06.025