KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Yield and Seed Quality Changes According to Delayed Harvest with Rainfall Treatment in Soybean (Glycine max L.)

강우처리 및 수확 지연에 따른 콩 종실 특성 및 수량성 변화

  • Lee, Inhye (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Seo, Min-Jung (Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Myoung Ryoul (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Geol (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yi, Gibum (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Yu-young (Crop Post-harvest Technology Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Mihyang (Crop Post-harvest Technology Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Byong Won (Crop Post-harvest Technology Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yun, Hong-Tae (Central Area Crop Breeding Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 이인혜 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 서민정 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 기획조정과) ;
  • 박명렬 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 김남걸 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 이기범 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과) ;
  • 이유영 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 김미향 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 이병원 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 윤홍태 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 중부작물과)
  • Received : 2020.09.15
  • Accepted : 2020.10.22
  • Published : 2020.12.01
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Abstract

Recently in Korea, soybean harvesting has been delayed due to rainfall during the harvesting season, resulting in a reduction in yield and seed quality. This study was conducted to analyze the changes in yield and seed quality during delayed harvest with rainfall treatment using different harvesting methods, including field harvesting and polyethylene film covering after cutting fully-matured soybean plants (PE covering after cutting), with two major Korean soybean cultivars (Glycine max L), Pungsannamulkong and Daewonkong. The shattering rate of Pungsannamulkong, which is higher than that of Daewonkong, increased up to 41.8% when the harvest was delayed for 40 days without rainfall treatment by harvesting with PE covering after cutting. The weight of 100 seeds tended to decrease slightly as harvesting was delayed. When Daewonkong was harvested using the PE covering after cutting method with rainfall treatment, the yield decreased to the lowest level with a 0.8 kg ha-1 daily reduction rate. Pungsannamulkong showed the lowest yield when harvested using PE covering after cutting without rainfall treatment with a 3.4 kg ha-1 daily reduction rate. The infected seed rate increased according to the harvest delay in both cultivars, and significant differences were observed according to rainfall treatment and harvesting method. The germination rate was maintained above 95% even after 40 days of delayed harvest if there was no rainfall treatment. However, with rainfall treatment, the germination rate was significantly lowered as harvesting time was delayed. In the field harvesting with rainfall treatment, the germination rate decreased to 77.2% for Daewonkong and 76.5% for Pungsannamulkong after 40 days of harvest delay. For the 100-seed weight, effects of individual treatments and interactions between treatments were not observed. In contrast, the effect of interactions between treatments on the shattering rate was significant in both cultivars, indicating that the shattering rate had the greatest impact on the yield changes during delayed harvest.

국내 주요 재배 콩 품종을 대상으로 수확 지연 시 강우에 따른 피해 양상 및 수확방법에 따른 종실 및 수량 특성을 분석하고자 본 실험을 수행하였으며, 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 품종별 탈립률의 차이가 나타났으며, 대원콩에서는 강우처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복 에서 40일 수확 지연 시 탈립률이 5.3% 증가하였으나, 풍산나물콩은 강우 무처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복에서 40일 수확 지연 시 41.8%까지 증가하였다. 2. 100립중은 강우처리 및 수확방법에 따라 수확이 지연될수록 입중이 미세하게 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 강우처리 후 포장 수확한 경우를 제외하고 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 3. 수량은 대원콩의 경우 강우처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복 할 경우 수량 감소가 가장 크게 나타났으며 적기 수확기 이후 40일 지연 수확할 경우 일당 평균 감수율은 0.8 kg ha-1, 풍산나물콩은 강우 무처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복에서 적기 수확기 이후 40일 지연 수확할 경우 일당 평균 감수율은 3.4 kg ha-1로 나타났다. 4. 강우처리 및 수확방법에 따른 이병립률은 유의한 차이가 나타났으며, 수확 지연에 따라 이병률도 증가하였으며, 강우처리 및 포장 수확에서 이병률이 가장 높았고, 40일 지연 수확 시 대원콩은 7.0%, 풍산나물콩은 4.0%로 증가하였다. 5. 강우 무처리시 포장 수확 및 예취 후 비닐피복의 수확방법에 따른 차이는 적었으며, 수확이 지연되어도 95%이상의 발아율을 유지하였다. 강우처리 시 수확 지연에 따라 발아율은 현저하게 낮아졌으며, 포장 수확의 경우 40일 수확을 지연하면 대원콩은 77.2%, 풍산나물콩은 76.5%까지 발아율이 감소하였다. 6. 조단백질 함량은 시험 품종 모두 강우처리에 따라 무처리구에서 다소 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 수확방법에서도 예취 후 비닐피복에 비하여 포장 수확에서 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 조지방 함량은 강우를 처리할 경우 다소 높게 나타났으며, 수확방법에서는 예취 후 비닐피복에서 높은 함량을 보였다. 7. 100립중은 개별 처리에 대한 효과가 적어 처리간 상호적용 효과가 적었으나, 이병립률 및 발아율은 처리간 상호작용 효과가 높았다. 8. 품종별 탈립률의 처리간 상호작용 효과는 수량의 상호작용 효과와 같은 양상을 나타내어, 탈립률이 수량에 가장 영향을 준 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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