Smart Structures and Systems

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic isolation of railway bridges using a self-centering pier

  • Xia, Xiushen (School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University) ;
  • Zhang, Xiyin (School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University) ;
  • Shi, Jun (School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University) ;
  • Tang, Jingyao (School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University)
  • Received : 2019.10.15
  • Accepted : 2020.12.09
  • Published : 2021.03.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Earthquakes cause severe damages to bridge structures, and rocking isolation of piers has become a superior option for the seismic protection of bridges during earthquakes. A seismic isolation method with free rocking mode is proposed for railway bridge piers with medium height. Experimental and numerical analysis are conducted to evaluate the seismic performance of the rocking-isolated bridge pier. Shaking table test is carried out with a scaled model by using three strong input earthquake records. The measured data includes displacement, acceleration and time history response of the pier-top and the bending moment of the pier-bottom. Test results show that the expected uplift and rocking of the isolated pier occur under strong earthquakes and the rocking-isolated pier has self-centering capacity. Slight damage appears at the collision surface between pier and base due to pier uplift, while there is no damage in the pier body. The bending moment of pier-bottom is less affected by the spectrum of input ground motions. The two-spring model is provided to simulate the isolated pier with free rocking mode under earthquakes. A seismic response analysis model for the rocking-ioslated pier is established with the assistance of OpenSees platform. The simulated results agree well with the measured results by shaking table test. Therefore, the seismic isolation method with a self-centering pier is worthy of promotion for railway bridges in high seismic risk regions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51668035, 51808273, 52068041 and 52068045), Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (for Xiyin Zhang), Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 20JR5RA430), Youth Talent Support Project of China Association for Science and Technology (for Xiyin Zhang), Tianyou Youth Talent Lift Program of Lanzhou Jiaotong University (Xiyin Zhang) and lzjtu (201801) EP support. On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

References

  1. Anastasopoulos, I., Loli, M., Georgarakos, T. and Drosos, V. (2013), "Shaking table testing of rocking-isolated bridge pier on sand", J. Earthq. Eng., 17(1), 1-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2012.705225
  2. Bachmann, J.A., Strand, M., Vassiliou, M.F., Broccardo, M. and Stojadinovic, B. (2017), "Is rocking motion predictable?", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 47(2), 535-552. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2978
  3. Beck, J.L. and Skinner, R.I. (1973), "The seismic response of a reinforced concrete bridge pier designed to step", Earthq. Eng Struct. Dyn., 2(4), 343-358. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290020405
  4. Cancellara, D. and De Angelis, F. (2017), "Assessment and dynamic nonlinear analysis of different base isolation systems for a multi-storey RC building irregular in plan", Comput. Struct., 180, 74-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2016.02.012
  5. Chen, Y.-H., Liao, W.-H., Lee, C.-L. and Wang, Y.-P. (2006), "Seismic isolation of viaduct piers by means of a rocking mechanism", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 35(6), 713-736. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.555
  6. Chen, Y., Larkin, T. and Chouw, N. (2017), "Experimental assessment of contact forces on a rigid base following footing uplift", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 46(11), 1835-1854. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2885
  7. Cheng, C.-T. (2008), "Shaking table tests of a self-centering designed bridge substructure", Eng. Struct., 30(12), 3426-3433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.05.017
  8. Cheng, C.-T. and Chen, F.-L. (2014), "Seismic performance of a rocking bridge pier substructure with frictional hinge dampers", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 14(4), 501-516. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2014.14.4.501
  9. Chou, C.-C. and Chen, Y.-C. (2006), "Cyclic tests of post-tensioned precast CFT segmental bridge columns with unbonded strands", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 35(2), 159-175. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.512
  10. Diamantopoulos, S. and Fragiadakis, M. (2019), "Seismic response assessment of rocking systems using single degree-of-freedom oscillators", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 48(7), 689-708. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3157
  11. Du, X.-L., Zhou, Y.-L., Han, Q. and Jia, Z.-L. (2019), "Shaking table tests of a single-span freestanding rocking bridge for seismic resilience and isolation", Adv. Struct. Eng., 22(15) 3222-3233. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433219859410
  12. Hung, H.-H., Liu, K.-Y., Ho, T.-H. and Chang, K.-C. (2011), "An experimental study on the rocking response of bridge piers with spread footing foundations", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 40(7), 749-769. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1057
  13. Iranmanesh, A., Bassam, A. and Ansari, F. (2009), "Post earthquake performance monitoring of a typical highway overpass bridge", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 5(4), 495-505. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2009.5.4.495
  14. Kolozvari, K., Orakcal, K. and Wallace, J.W. (2018), "New opensees models for simulating nonlinear flexural and coupled shear-flexural behavior of RC walls and columns", Comput. Struct., 196, 246-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2017.10.010
  15. Liu, J.-L., Zhu, S., Xu, Y.-L. and Zhang, Y. (2011), "Displacement-based design approach for highway bridges with SMA isolators", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 8(2), 173-190. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2011.8.2.173
  16. Marriott, D., Pampanin, S. and Palermo, A. (2009), "Quasi-static and pseudo-dynamic testing of unbonded post-tensioned rocking bridge piers with external replaceable dissipaters", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 38(3), 331-354. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.857
  17. Marriott, D., Pampanin, S. and Palermo, A. (2011), "Biaxial testing of unbonded post-tensioned rocking bridge piers with external replacable dissipaters", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 40(15), 1723-1741. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1112
  18. Palermo, A. and Pampanin, S. (2008), "Enhanced seismic performance of hybrid bridge systems: comparison with traditional monolithic solutions", J. Earthq. Eng., 12(8), 1267-1295. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460802003819
  19. Palermo, A., Pampanin, S. and Marriott, D. (2007), "Design, modeling, and experimental response of seismic resistant bridge piers with posttensioned dissipating connections", J. Struct. Eng., 133(11), 1648-1661. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:11(1648)
  20. Palmeri, A. and Makris, N. (2008), "Linearization and first-order expansion of the rocking motion of rigid blocks stepping on viscoelastic foundation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 37, 1065-1080. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.799
  21. Priestley, M.J.N., Seible, F. and Calvi, G.M. (1996), Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridge, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  22. Rele, R.R., Dammala, P.K., Bhattacharya, S., Balmukund, R. and Mitoulis, S. (2019), "Seismic behaviour of rocking bridge pier supported by elastomeric pads on pile foundation", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 124, 98-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.018
  23. Roh, H. and Reinhorn, A.M. (2010), "Modeling and seismic response of structures with concrete rocking columns and viscous dampers", Eng. Struct., 32(8), 2096-2107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.03.013
  24. Solberg, K., Mashiko, N., Mander, J.B. and Dhakal, R.P. (2009), "Performance of a damage-protected highway bridge pier subjected to bidirectional earthquake attack", J. Struct. Eng., 135(5), 469-478. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:5(469)
  25. Taniguchi, T. (2002), "Non-linear response analyses of rectangular rigid bodies subjected to horizontal and vertical ground motion", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 31(8), 1481-1500. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.170
  26. Thomaidis, I.M., Kappos, A.J. and Camara, A. (2020), "Dynamics and seismic performance of rocking bridges accounting for the abutment-backfill contribution", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 49(12), 1161-1179. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3283
  27. Vassiliou, M.F. and Makris, N. (2012), "Analysis of the rocking response of rigid blocks standing free on a seismically isolated base", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 41(2), 177-196. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1124
  28. Wei, B., Li, C., Jia, X., He, X. and Yang, M. (2019), "Effects of shear keys on seismic performance of an isolation system", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 24(3), 345-360. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2019.24.3.345
  29. Yim, S.C.S. and Chopra, A.K. (1984), "Dynamics of Structures on two-spring foundation allowed to uplift", J. Eng. Mech., 110(7), 1124-1146. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1984)110:7(1124)
  30. Zheng, Y., Dong, Y., Chen, B. and Anwar, G.A. (2019), "Seismic damage mitigation of bridges with self-adaptive SMA-cable-based bearings", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 24(1), 127-139. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2019.24.1.127
  31. Zhou, Y.-L., Han, Q., Du, X.-L. and Jia, Z.-L. (2019), "Shaking table tests of post-tensioned rocking bridge with double-column bents", J. Bridge Eng., 24(8), 04019080. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001456

Cited by

  1. Dimensionality reduction of the 3D inverted pendulum cylindrical oscillator and applications on sustainable seismic design of bridges vol.51, pp.2, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3575