Journal of agricultural medicine and community health (농촌의학ㆍ지역보건)

Korean Society for Rural Medicine and Community Health (한국농촌의학지역보건학회)
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Pneumococcal Vaccination Rate and Related Factors in Older Adults in Republic of Korea

한국 노인의 폐렴구균 백신 접종률 및 관련 요인

  • Lee, Sok Goo (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jeon, So Youn (Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Daejeon Health Institute of Technology)
  • 이석구 (충남대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 전소연 (대전보건대학교 응급구조과)
  • Received : 2021.03.22
  • Accepted : 2021.05.17
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the vaccination rate for pneumococcus among aged 65 or older, and at the same time to determine the reasons for vaccination or non-vaccination. Methods: The population of this study was aged 65 or older, with a total of 1,150 subjects to be analyzed and a computer assisted telephone interviewing was used. The survey included pneumococcal vaccination status, reasons of vaccination, sources of information on vaccination, reasons for not vaccination, and other related factors. Results: The vaccination rate for pneumococcus among aged 65 or older was 56.2 percent, lower than 69.0 percent in the U.S. (2017), and 69.2 percent in the U.K. (2019). Among the factors related to the pneumococcal vaccination, the groups with the high vaccination rate were women, low age groups, residents of urban areas, people without a job, people with high education, medical insurance subscribers, married people, and people who have family members. In addition, the groups with high vaccination rates were those with high awareness, those who received recommendations from doctors, those who had vaccination records, those who believed in vaccination effects, and those who saw public service advertisements. Conclusions: In the future, it is necessary to develop alternatives to accurately manage vaccination records for adults who are not eligible for state support, and regular adult vaccination rates should be calculated so that they can be used as evidence for the country's infection control policy.

65세 이상 노인의 폐렴구균 국가무료 백신 접종은 2종류 중 한 개에 대해서만, 그것도 보건소에서만 접종이 가능하여 다른 국가예방접종 감염병과 달리 전산등록 자료에 의한 백신 접종률 파악이 불가능한 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구는 65세 이상 노인에게 권고되고 있는 2종의 폐렴구균 백신 모두에 대하여 백신 접종률을 파악함과 동시에 백신 접종 이유나 미접종 이유, 백신 접종 관련 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 모집단은 65세 이상 노인이 되며, 최종 분석대상자수는 총 1,150명이었으며 컴퓨터 전화조사 방법을 사용하였다. 조사내용은 폐렴구균 백신 접종현황(접종여부-2회, 접종일자, 백신종류, 접종기관종류, 접종비용 지불여부, 자료원), 백신 접종을 한 이유, 백신 접종에 대해서 알게 된 정보원, 백신 접종을 하지 않은 이유, 백신 접종 관련 요인이었다. 65세 이상 노인의 폐렴구균 백신 접종률은 56.2%로 미국(2017년) 69.0%, 영국(2019년) 69.2% 보다 낮은 수준이었다. 폐렴구균 백신 접종 관련 요인으로는 여자가, 연령이 낮을수록, 시부 거주자가, 직업이 없을 때, 고학력자가, 의료보장이 있을 때, 기혼자가, 동거가족이 있을 때에 백신 접종률이 높게 나타났다. 또한 국가 권고 성인 예방접종을 인지하고 있을 때, 의사에게 성인 예방접종의 필요성을 설명 받은 경험이 있을 때, 본인의 성인 예방접종 기록을 보관하고 있을 때, 성인 예방접종이 감염병 예방에 도움이 된다고 높게 인지하고 있을 때, 국가나 지방자치단체의 성인 예방접종 홍보 경험이 있을 때 백신 접종률이 높게 나타났다. 앞으로 국가지원 대상이 아닌 성인 예방접종에 대해서도 정확한 접종기록 관리를 위한 대안의 개발이 필요하며, 국가의 감염병관리 정책 근거 자료로 활용할 수 있도록 정기적인 성인 예방접종률 산출이 이루어져야 할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 질병관리청에서 수행한 조사자료(2019E240200)를 이용하여 수행하였음

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