Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
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A Characteristic Analysis of Glass Beads in Geumgwan Gaya, Korea (I)

금관가야 유리구슬의 특성 분석 (I)

  • Kim, Eun A (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Je Hyun (Gimhae National Museum) ;
  • Kim, Gyu Ho (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University)
  • 김은아 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 이제현 (국립김해박물관) ;
  • 김규호 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과)
  • Received : 2021.04.08
  • Accepted : 2021.04.27
  • Published : 2021.06.29
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Abstract

This study examined the physical attributes and heat treatment characteristics of glass beads excavated from the Gimhae area, which is the location of Geumgwan Gaya. This enabled classification of surface characteristics of the beads based on the investigation of the color, size, and shape. The glass beads were classified into eight color systems, with purplish-blue beads as the representative color. Bead size was categorized into three types depending on the outer diameter and how it increased over time. Bead shapes were categorized as round, tubular, or doughnut-shaped based on the inner diameter and length, with round being the typical shape. According to the degree of heat treatment, there are three types of cross-section for glass beads that are manufactured by the drawing technique, most of which are the HT-III type. In addition, it is estimated that the heat treatment technology has more considerable effects than other methods. Through non-destructive analysis, the chemical composition was obtained and categorized as flux, stabilizer, and colorant. Analysis confirmed the presence of 63 and 9 pieces in the potash and soda glass groups, respectively. Overall findings from the study highlighted a correlation between the chemical composition and the external factors such as color, size, shape, and manufacturing technology of glass beads recovered from Geumgwan Gaya, revealing characteristics related to that time and region.

본 연구는 금관가야가 위치한 김해지역에서 출토된 유리구슬을 중심으로 색상, 크기 및 형태, 열처리 등 외형적 특징과 비파괴 분석을 통하여 화학 조성을 융제, 안정제, 착색제 특성으로 분류해 보았다. 금관가야 유리구슬 129점은 8가지 색상 계통으로 분류되며 이 중에서 67% 점유하는 감청색이 대표적인 색상이다. 크기는 외경을 기준으로 3가지로 구분한 결과, 시기가 지남에 따라 대형화하는 양상을 보인다. 형태는 내경과 직경을 기준으로 대롱형, 둥근형, 도넛형으로 구분되며 둥근형이 대표적이다. 늘린기법으로 제작된 유리구슬 단면은 열처리 정도에 3가지 유형이 확인된다. 구슬 양끝이 모두 열처리된 HT-III형이 주류이고 다른 유형에 비하여 열처리 기술이 높은 단계로 추정된다. 비파괴분석에서 확인되는 화학 조성은 포타쉬유리군 63점과 소다유리군 9점이다. 고찰 결과, 금관가야 유리구슬은 색상, 크기, 형태, 제작기법을 포함한 외형적 특징은 화학 조성과 상관성을 보이며 시기별, 지역별에 따른 특징이 나타난다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2019년도 발표한 국립김해박물관 소장품 연구 자료집인 가야 지역 출토 유리I에 수록된 내용을 토대로 재정리한 결과이며, 2020년도 정부(교육부)의 재원으로 한구연구재단 이공분야 학문후속세대지원사업인 박사과정생 연구장려금 지원을 받아 수행된 연구이다(No. NRF-2020R1A6A3A13072895).

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