Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Ginseng extract and ginsenosides improve neurological function and promote antioxidant effects in rats with spinal cord injury: A meta-analysis and systematic review

  • Sng, Kim Sia (Institute of Spine Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ;
  • Li, Gan (Institute of Spine Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ;
  • Zhou, Long-yun (Rehabilitation Medicine Center, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital) ;
  • Song, Yong-jia (Institute of Spine Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ;
  • Chen, Xu-qing (Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine) ;
  • Wang, Yong-jun (Institute of Spine Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ;
  • Yao, Min (Institute of Spine Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ;
  • Cui, Xue-jun (Institute of Spine Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)
  • Received : 2020.10.30
  • Accepted : 2021.05.31
  • Published : 2022.01.01
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Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as damage to the spinal cord that temporarily or permanently changes its function. There is no definite treatment established for neurological complete injury patients. This study investigated the effect of ginseng extract and ginsenosides on neurological recovery and antioxidant efficacies in rat models following SCI and explore the appropriate dosage. Searches were done on PubMed, Embase, and Chinese databases, and animal studies matches the inclusion criteria were selected. Pair-wise meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were performed. Ten studies were included, and the overall methodological qualities were low quality. The result showed ginseng extract and ginsenosides significantly improve neurological function, through the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale (pooled MD = 4.40; 95% CI = 3.92 to 4.88; p < 0.00001), significantly decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) (n = 290; pooled MD = -2.19; 95% CI = -3.16 to 1.22; p < 0.0001) and increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels (n = 290; pooled MD = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.45 to 2.83; p < 0.00001). Both low (<25 mg/kg) and high dosage (25 mg/kg) showed significant improvement in the motor function recovery in SCI rats. Collectively, this review suggests ginseng extract and ginsenosides has a protective effect on SCI, with good safety and a clear mechanism of action and may be suitable for future clinical trials and applications.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank the National key R & D plan (No. 2018YFC1704302), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81873317, 81930116, 82074454, 8217151915, 81929004) and Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (No. 20ZR1459000) for their financial support.

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