The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems (한국ITS학회 논문지)

The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems (한국ITS학회)
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An Analysis of Road User Acceptance Factors for Fully Autonomous Vehicles : For Drivers and Pedestrians

완전 자율주행자동차에 대한 도로이용자 수용성 요인 분석 : 운전자 및 보행자를 대상으로

  • 정미경 (도로교통공단 교통과학연구원) ;
  • 최미선 (도로교통공단 교통과학연구원)
  • Received : 2022.08.24
  • Accepted : 2022.10.04
  • Published : 2022.10.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze factors that affect road users' acceptance of fully autonomous vehicles (level 4 or higher). A survey was done with drivers of general cars and pedestrians who share roads with fully autonomous vehicles. Five acceptability factors were selected: trust towards technology, compatibility, policy, perceived safety, and perceived usefulness. The effect on behavioral intention was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The perceived safety and trust towards technology were found to be very important in the acceptance of fully autonomous vehicles, regardless of the respondent, and policy was not influential. Compatibility and perceived usefulness were particularly influential factors for drivers. In order to improve the acceptance by road users, securing technical completeness of fully autonomous vehicles is important. Certification and evaluation of the safe driving ability of fully autonomous vehicles should be thoroughly performed, and based on the results, it is necessary to improve the perception by road users. It is necessary to positively recognize fully autonomous vehicles through education and publicity for road users and to support their smooth interaction.

본 연구는 완전 자율주행자동차(Level 4 이상)에 대한 도로이용자 수용성 영향요인 분석을 목적으로 한다. 조사대상은 완전 자율주행자동차와 도로를 공유하는 일반자동차 운전자와 보행자로 설정하였다. 기술에 대한 신뢰, 호환성, 정책, 인지된 안전성, 인지된 유용성이라는 5가지 수용성 요인을 선정하고, 행동의도에 미치는 영향을 구조방정식 모형(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM)으로 분석하였다. 완전 자율주행자동차 수용에 있어 수용주체에 관계없이 인지된 안전성과 기술에 대한 신뢰가 매우 중요한 것으로 확인되었으며, 정책은 영향력이 없었다. 호환성 및 인지된 유용성은 보행자 보다 운전자에게 특히 영향력 있는 요인이었다. 도로이용자의 수용성 향상을 위해서는 완전 자율주행자동차의 기술적인 완성도 확보가 무엇보다도 중요하다. 완전 자율주행자동차의 안전운전능력에 대한 인증 및 평가가 철저하게 수행되고, 그 결과를 토대로 도로이용자의 인식을 개선할 필요가 있다. 도로이용자 대상 교육 및 홍보를 통해 완전 자율주행자동차를 긍정적으로 인식하게 하고, 완전 자율주행자동차와 도로이용자 간 원활한 상호작용이 가능하도록 지원해야 한다.

Keywords

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