The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
권호 표지

Biomass and Species Composition of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton along the Salinity Gradients in the Seomjin River Estuary

섬진강 하구역에서 염분경사에 따른 동${\cdot}$식물플랑크톤의 현존량 및 종조성

  • Lee, Pyung-Gang (Department of Oceanography, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Chul (Department of Oceanography, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Moon, Chang-Ho (Department of Oceanography, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Park, Mi-Ok (Department of Oceanography, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Gwon, Kee-Young (Department of Oceanography, Pukyong National University)
  • Published : 2001.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Biomass and species composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton along the salinity gradients in the Seomjin River estuary were investigated in March, July, September and November, 1999. The locations of sampling sites were set based on the surface salinity during each cruise rather than geographic locations. A total of 96 phytoplankton species were identified with 60 diatom species in the study area. The species number of green algae was relatively high in low salinity region while the number of dinoflagellates increased in high salinity areas. Monthly mean of phytoplankton biomass ranged from 183 cells/ml to 833 cells/ml. There was a diatom bloom of Skeletonema costatum in November at the 5-15 psu salinity region and sharp decrease of biomass in very low salinity region occurred in March. During the rainy season in July with the salinity less than 8.1 psu, the green algae dominated in most of the study areas. Chroomonas spp. were highly dominant in March and September and the biomass increased towards the high salinity regions. A total of 83 zooplankton taxa were identified with 72 marine and 11 freshwater taxa. Major group of marine form was copepods with34 taxonomic groups. Most freshwater taxa were aquatic insects. Threshold salinities of freshwater zooplankton appearance were 8.1 psu in July, 4.7 psu in September, and 0.2 psu in November. The number of taxa appeared and abundances of zooplanktons were minimal in the middle of salinity gradients in this estuary.

1999년 3월, 7월, 9월 및 11월에 섬진강 하구역에서 염분경사에 따른 식물플랑크톤과 동물플랑크톤의 현존량과종 조성의 변화를 조사하였다. 조사 정점은 지리적 위치보다는 각 조사시마다 표층 염분을 현장에서 측정하여 결정하였다. 식물플랑크톤은 총 96종이 동정되었으며, 그 중 돌말류가 60종으로 전 조사해역에서 출현하였다. 저염분역에서는 녹조류의 종수가 비교적 높았으며 고염분역으로 갈수록 와편모조류의 종수가 증가하였다. 월별 식물플랑크톤 현존량의 평균 값은 $183{\sim}833$cells/m의 범위로 11월에는 5${\sim}$15 psu 염분역에서 Skeletonema costatum의 bloom이 발생하였으며 초저염분역에서 현존량의 급격한 감소는 3월에 관찰되었다. 염분이 8.1 psu 이하의 분포를 보였던 강우기인 7월에 대부분의 조사해역에서 녹조류가 우점하였다. Chroomonas spp.는 3월과 9월에 높게 우점하였으며 고염분역으로 갈수록 현존량이 증가하였다. 동물플랑크톤은 3회의 조사에서 총 83개의 분류군이 검색되었고, 이중해산 분류군은 총 72개로 요각류가 34개 분류군을 차지하고 있었으며 담수 분류군은 총 11개로 수서 곤충류가 대부분을 차지하였다. 동물플랑크톤 종 조성은 해수의 유입에 의해 크게 의존하는 것으로 나타났으며 담수종이 출현하는 염분 한계는 시기적으로 달랐는데, 7월에는 8.1 psu 이하에서 , 9월에는 4.7 psu 이하에서 , 11월에는 0.2 psu 이하에서만 출현하였다. 하구역 염분 변화에 따른 동물플랑크톤 출현 양상의 특징은 풍수기에서 갈수기로 진행되면서다소 변화하는 양상을 보이지만 대체로 중간 정도의 염분 구역에서 출현 종과 개체수가 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. 한국해양학회지 v.26 낙동강 하구 환경특성 및 식물플랑크톤의 군집구조에 관한 연구 문창호;최혜지
  2. 한국해양학회지 v.26 만경 동진강 하구계의 동물 플랑크톤의 분포와 염분. 서해립;서호영;차성식
  3. 서울대학교 자연과학연구 논문집 v.7 여수 근해산 동물플랑크톤의 종조성과 양적 분보 심재형;노일
  4. 한국해양학회지 v.22 금강하구에서의 화학적. 생물학적 제과정에 관한 연구, Ⅱ. Chlorophyll a 분포결정 요인에 관하여 기준학;김경렬
  5. 한국해양학회지 v.26 만경, 동진강 하구 표영생태계의 무생물 환경과 일차생산자:Ⅰ. 환경 특성과 식물플랑크톤의 군집구조 심재형;신윤근;조병철
  6. 한국해양학회지 v.28 만경·동진강 하구에서의 박테리아 및 식물플랑크톤의 역할과 상호관계 심재형;신윤근;조병철
  7. 한국해양학회지 v.10 광양만 식물플랑크노 분포에 관한 연구. 심재형;신윤근;이원호
  8. 여수수전논문집 v.15 광양만 부유생물의 조성 및 양의 계절적 변화. 양한춘;김용환
  9. 해양연구 v.10 낙동강 하구 근해의 식물플랑크톤 군집구조와 분포 양한춘;김용환
  10. Science v.216 Mutual flocculation of algae and clay. Evidence and implication . Avnimelech, Y.;B.W. Troeger;L.W. Reed
  11. Biol. Bull. v.109 Physical and biological processes determining the distribution of zooplankton in a tidal estury. Barlow, J.P
  12. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea v.21 The ecological study of phytoplankon in Kyeonggi Bay, Yellow Sea. Ⅲ Phytoplankton composition, standing crops, trychopelagic plankton. Choi, J.K.;J.H. Shim
  13. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci v.16 River discharge controls phyto plankton dynamics in the Northern San Francisco Bay. Cloem, J.E.;A.E. Alpine;B.E. Cole;R.L.J. Wong;J.W. Wong;J.F. Arthur;M.D. Ball
  14. Environ. Sci. Tech. v.8 Coagulation in estuaries. Edzwald, J.K.;J.B. Upchurch;C.R. O'Melia
  15. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. v.21 Hydrodynamic control of phytoplankton in low salinity waters of the James River estuary Filardo, M.J.;W.M. Dunstan
  16. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. v.25 Freshwater phutoplankton in the low salinity region of the River Tamar estuary. Jacksom, R.H.;R.J. Le;B. Willians;I.R. Joint
  17. Prog. Oceanog. v.25 Community structure, distribution and standing stock of benthos, epibenthos and plankton in the Columbia River Jones, K.K.;C.A. Simenstad, D.L.;Higley;D.L. Bottom
  18. Limnol. Oceanogr. v.8 The salinity tolerance of some estuarine planktonic copepods Lance, J.
  19. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. v.22 Studies on the phytoplankton and nutrients in the Yeosu Heman. Moon, C.H.
  20. J. Plankton Res. v.12 Hydrodynamic trapping in the formation of chlorophyll a peak in tubi, very low salinity waters of estuaries. Moon, C.H.;W.M. Dunstan
  21. Nature v.274 Very low salinity regions of estuaries: important sites for chemical and biological reactions. Morris A.W.;R.F.C. Montoura;A.J. Bale;R.J.M. Howland
  22. Marine biology:An ecological approach. Nybakken, J.W.
  23. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union v.64 no.1401 Regulation of chlorophyll distribytion in the Delaware estuary by short term variability in vertical stratification and suspended sediment concentration Pennock, J.R.
  24. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. v.21 Chlorophyll distribytions in the Delaware estuary: regulation by light-limitation Pennock, J.R.
  25. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. v.29 Characteristics of the micro plankton and nanoplankton communities of and Australian Coastal Plain estuary. Revelante, N.;M.Gilmartin
  26. The mathematical theory of communication Shannon, C.E.;W. Weaver
  27. Limnol. Oceanogr. v.27 The chemistry of the Delaware estuary. General consideration Sharp, H.H.;C.H. Culberson;T.M. Church
  28. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea v.17 The community structure and distribution of phytoplankton of the Keum River estuary. SHim, J.H.;J.S. Yang
  29. J. Plankton Res. v.22 Seasonal variations of size fractionated phytoplankton along the salinity fradient in the York River estuary Sin, Y.;R.L. Wetzel;I.C. Anderson
  30. Kor. J Lim. v.24 Seasonal variation in the zooplankton community structure of the Lower Han River System. Yoo, K.I.;B.J. Lim
  31. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci v.39 Seasonal variability and biogeochemistry of phyosphorus in the Scheldt estuary, south-west Netherlands Zwolsman, J.J.G.