References
- Lee YC, Hwang KH, Han DH, Kim SD. Compositions of Opuntia ficus-indica. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 29: 847-853 (1997)
- Park EH, Hwang SE, Kahng JH. Anti-inflammatory activity of Opuntia ficus-indica. J. Pharmcol. Soc. Korea 42: 621-626 (1998)
- Wie MB. Protective effect of Opuntia ficus-indica and Saururus Chinensis on free radical induced neuronal injury in mouse cortical cell cultures. J. Pharmcol. Soc. Korea 44: 613-619 (2000)
- Moon CJ, Kim SJ, Ahn MJ, Lee SJ, Park SJ, Jeong KS, Yoon DY, Choe YK, Shin TK. Effect of Opuntia ficus-indica extract on immune cell activation. Korean J. Life Sci. 10: 362-364 (2000)
- Lee NH, Yoon JS, Lee BH, Choi BW, Park KH. Screening of the radical scavenging effects, tyrosinase inhibition and anti-allergic activities using Opuntia ficus-indica. Korean. J. Pharmacogn. 31: 412-415 (2000)
- Lee EB, Hyun JE, Li DW, Moon YI. Effect of Opuntia ficusindica var. saboten stem on gastric damages in rats. Arch. Pharmcol. Res. 25: 67-70 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02975264
- Shin J, Han MJ, Lee YC, Moon YI, Kim DH, Han MJ, Lee YC, Moon YI, Kim DH. Antidiabetic activity of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten on db/db mice. Korean. J. Pharmacogn. 33: 332-336 (2002)
- Dok-Go H, Lee KH, Kim HJ, Lee EH, Lee J, Song YY, Lee YH, Jin C, Lee YS, Cho J. Neuroprotective effects of antioxidative flavonoids, quercetin, (+)-dihydroquercetin and quercetin 3-methyl ether, isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. Brain Res. 965: 130-136 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(02)04150-1
- Cardenas Medellin ML, Serna Saldivar SO, Velazco de la Garza J. Effect of raw and cooked nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica) ingestion on growth and profile of total cholesterol, lipoproteins, and blood glucose in rats. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 48: 316-323 (1998)
-
Mihara M, Uchiyama M, Fukuzawa K. Thiobarbituric acid value on fresh homogenate of rat as a parameter of lipid peroxidation in aging,
$CCl_4$ intoxication and vitamin E deficiency. Biochem. Med. 23: 302-311 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2944(80)90040-X - Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J. Biol. Chem. 247: 3170-3175 (1972)
- Claiborne A. Catalase activity. In CRC Handbook of Method for Oxygen Radical Research. Greenwald RA (ed). CRC Press Inc. Florida, USA. pp. 283-284 (1986)
- Del Maestro RF, McDonald W. Oxidative enzyme in tissue homogenates. In CRC Handbook of Method for Oxygen Radical Research. Greenwald RA (ed). CRC Press Inc. Florida, USA. pp. 291-296 (1986)
- Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jakoby WB. Glutathione S-transferase. J. Biol. Chem. 249: 7130-7139 (1974)
- Tsai CH, Stern A, Chiou JF, Chem CL, Liu TZ. Rapid and specific detection of hydroxyl radical using an ultra-weak chemiluminescence analyzer and low-level chemiluminescence emitter: Application to hydroxyl radical-scavenging ability of aqueous extracts of food constituents. J. Agric. Food Chem. 49: 2137-2141 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001071k
- Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventos RM. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 299: 152-178 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1
- Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of proteindye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248-254 (1976) https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
- Weber LW, Boll M, Stampfl A. Hepatotoxicity and mechanism of action of haloalkanes: carbon tetrachloride as a toxicological model. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 33: 105-136 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1080/713611034
- Edwards MJ, Keller BJ, Kauffman FC, Thurman RG. The involvement of Kupffer cells in carbon tetrachloride toxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 119: 275-279 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1993.1069
- Ohta Y, Kongo-Nishimura M, Matsura T, Yamada K, Kitagawa A, Kishikawa T. Melatonin prevents disruption of hepatic reactive oxygen species metabolism in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. J. Pineal Res. 36: 10-17 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1600-079X.2003.00091.x
- Jung SH, Lee YS, Lim SS, Lee S, Shin KH, Kim YS. Antioxidant activities of isoflavones from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in rats. Arch. Pharm. Res. 27: 184-188 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980104
- Chidambara Murthy KN, Jayaprakansha GK, Singh RP. Studies on antioxidant activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract using in vivo models. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 4791-4795 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0255735
- Hsiao G, Shen MY, Lin KH, Lan MH, Wu LY, Chou DS, Lin CH, Su CH, Sheu JR. Antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects of Antrodia camphorata extract. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51: 3302-3308 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf021159t
- Szymonik Lesiuk S, Czechowska G, Stryjecka-Zimmer M, Slomka M, Madro A, Celinski K, Wielosz M. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in various rat tissues after carbon tetrachloride intoxication. J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 10: 309-315 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00534-002-0824-5
- Yang Y, Sharma R, Zimniak P, Awasthi YC. Role of alpha class glutathione S-transferase as antioxidant enzymes in rodent tissues. Toxcol. Appl. Pharmacol. 182: 105-115 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.2002.9450
- Igarashi T, Muramatsu H, Ohmori S, Ueno K, Kitagawa H, Satoh T. Plasma glutathione S-transferase in carbon tetrachloride treated rats and its association to hepatic cytosolic isozymes. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 46: 211-216 (1988) https://doi.org/10.1254/jjp.46.211
- Clarke H, Egan DA, Heffernan M, Doyl S, Byrne C, Kilty C, Ryan MP. Alpha-glutathione S-transferase (alpha-GST) release, an early indicator of carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in the rat. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 16: 154-157 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1177/096032719701600304
- Cao Z, Li Y. The chemical inducibility of mouse cardiac antioxidants and phase 2 enzymes in vivo. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 317: 1080-1088 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.03.156
- Kono Y, Okada S, Tazawa Y, Kanzaki S, Mura T, Ueta E, Nanba E, Otsuka Y. Response of anti-oxidant enzymes mRNA in the neonatal rat liver exposed to 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzo-p-dioxin via lactation. Pediatr. Int. 44: 481-487 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-200X.2002.01608.x
- Lettern P, Labbe G, Degott C, Berson A, Fromenty B, Delaforge M, Larrey D, Pessayre D. Mechanism for the protective effects of silymarin against carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity in mice. Evidence that silymarin acts both as an inhibitor of metabolic activation and as a chain-breaking antioxidant. Biochem. Pharmacol. 39: 2027-2034 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(90)90625-U
- Biasi F, Albano E, Chiarpotto E, Corongiu FP, Pronzato MA, Maranari UM, Parola M, Dianzani MU, Poli G. In vivo and in vitro evidence concerning the role of lipid peroxidation in the mechanism of hepatocyte death due to carbon tetrachloride. Cell Biochem. Funct. 9: 111-118 (1991) https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290090208
- Kim HJ, Chun YJ, Park JD, Kim SI, Roh JK, Jeong rc. Protection of rat liver microsomes against carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation by red ginseng saponin through cytochrome P450 inhibition. Planta Med. 63: 415-418 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957724