Korean Public Administration Review (한국행정학보)

The Korean Association for Public Administration (한국행정학회)
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통합 연구 방법 적용 가능성에 대한 탐색 연구: 지역 보건 정책 결정을 위한 주민 의견 조사에 설문 조사와 포커스 그룹 방법의 통합적 적용

Gang, Min-A;Son, Ju-Yeon;Kim, Hui-Jeong
강민아;손주연;김희정

  • Published : 20071200
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Abstract

This study applies both qualitative and quantitative approaches tounderstand the attitudes of local residents toward regional public health issues. Most survey methods are limited in the correct understanding of the knowledge and attitudes of residents toward water fluoridation programs, as each survey produces different results depending on methods and respondents. While surveys are useful in policy decision making by providing summary statistics on public opinion and attitudes, focus group interviews provide detailed information on how people acquire necessary information and form opinions within an environment of group dynamics. This study took advantage of each research approach to enhance the understanding of public reactions to policy changes by facilitating surveys and focus group interviews simultaneously. Data produced from both approaches showed the benefits of mixed methods research such as: 1) 'corroboration' of findings with a triangulation technique, 2) 'elaboration' of findings by providing additional information, and 3) 'initiation' of new ideas that were not identified in one method. Based on the findings this paper discusses implications of applying a mixed methods approach in future efforts of refining the methods of opinion research for the purpose of policy decision making.

이 연구는 주민 의견 조사에서 질적 연구 방법과 양적 연구 방법의 구분을 넘어 각 조사 방법의 한계를 보완하여 동일한 주제에 대해 두 가지 이상의 방법을 적용하는 통합 연구 방법의 적용 가능성을 모색하였다. 특히, 지역 보건 정책에 관한 주민 의견을 조사하기 위해 실시된 기존 설문 조사들이 실시 주체나 방법에 따라 매우 다른 결과를 보이고 있으며 주민들의 인지도와 태도에 대한 표면적인 기술에 그치게 됨에 주목하여, 집단적 상황에서 참여자들이 어떻게 정보를 습득하고 주어진 정책 현안에 대한 의견을 형성하는 지를 파악할 수 있는 포커스 그룹 인터뷰와 같은 질적 접근을 병행함으로 정책 논점에 대한 일반인들의 심층적인 인식과 함께 그러한 인식과 의견을 형성하는 과정에 대해 보다 풍부하고 다각적인 측면에서 파악하고자 했다. 설문 조사와 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 병행하는 통합적 조사방법을 적용하여 수집된 자료들은 다양한 자료와 증거를 통한 결과 확인(확증, corroboration), 표면에 드러나지 않고 이면에 숨겨져 있는 풍부하고 상세한 내용 발견(정교화, elaboration), 그리고 기존에 논의되지 않았던 새로운 아이디어나 연구 주제의 발견(창시, initiation)의 3가지의 측면으로 나누어서 분석되었다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 이 연구의 결론에서는 주민 의견 조사에서의 통합 연구 방법의 유용성 및 발전방향에 대해 논의하였다.

Keywords

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