Korean journal of psychology:General (한국심리학회지ㆍ일반)

Korean Health Psychological Association (한국건강심리학회)
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The Korean Version of Objectified Body Consciousness Scales(K-OBCS): Development and validation

한국판 객체화 신체의식 척도(K-OBCS): 개발과 타당화

Gim, Wan-Suk;Ryu, Yeon-Jae;Park, Eun-A
김완석;유연재;박은아

  • Published : 20071200
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Abstract

To develop a Korean version of Objectified Body Consciousness Scales(McKinley and Hyde, 1996) which can be adapted to Korean college students regardless of gender, two studies were performed. Total number of respondents were 431(125 female college students in study 1 and 158 female and 148 male students in study 2). The 3 factor structure of the Korean version(K-OBCS) - surveillance, shame, and control belief - was the same as the original version. But, further confirmatory fator analysis results showed that 2 factor structure of surveillance and shame was better than the 3 factor structure in which control belief was included. The level of reliability coefficients of Surveillance scale and Shame scale were acceptable, and those two scales showed negative correlations with body-esteem, self-esteem, and subjective well-being. They had significant predictive power to the intentions of body-related consumptions such as diet, cosmetic surgery, and exercise as well. But, Control-Belief scale failed to show acceptable levels of reliabilities, discriminant-convergent validity, and criterion-related validity. Authors suggested that the Surveillance and Body Shame sub-scales in K-OBCS had enough psychometric qualities. Regarding the Control Belief scale, authors interpreted the concept as a kind of self-efficacy and suggested that the scale could be a useful tool for body image studies if the psychometric properties of the scale could be improved. The implications of the results were discussed in terms of gender differences in objectified body consciousness.

여성주의 이론을 토대로 개발된 McKinley와 Hyde(1996)의 객체화 신체의식(Objectified Body Consciousness) 척도를 토대로 한국 대학생에게 성별에 관계없이 사용할 수 있는 한국판 객체화 신체의식 척도(K-OBCS)를 개발하고자 2개의 연구를 했다(N=431). 한국판 척도의 요인구조는 미국판과 마찬가지로 3개의 하위요인-감시성, 수치심, 통제신념-으로 나타났다. 하지만 확인적 요인분석 결과는 통제신념을 제외한 두 요인구조가 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 감시성과 수치심 하위척도의 신뢰도는 받아들일 만한 수준이었고, 이 척도들은 신체존중감이나 자기존중감, 주관적 안녕감과 부적인 상관이 있었다. 또한 신체관련 행동의도에 대한 예언력도 있었다. 하지만 통제신념 하위척도는 신뢰도가 매우 낮고, 감시성과 수치심과의 상관도 유의하지 않았으며 수렴변별타당도와 준거타당도도 매우 낮았다. 이런 결과를 토대로 K-OBCS의 감시성과 수치심 척도는 사회적 신체표준의 내면화 수준을 측정하는 도구로 충분한 심리측정학적 특성을 가진 척도로 결론지었고, 신체통제신념은 일종의 효능감으로서 향후 신체이미지 연구에 유용한 개념임을 논의하였다. 객체화 신체의식의 성별차이를 검토하였고, 연구결과의 시사점과 후속 연구의 주제에 관해 논의하였다.

Keywords

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