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Study on Dietary Habit and Effect of Onion Powder Supplementation on Serum Lipid Levels in Early Diagnosed Hyperlipidemic Patients

초기진단 고지혈증 환자의 식습관 조사와 양파가루 섭취가 혈중지질에 미치는 영향 연구

  • Lee, Kyung-Hea (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Yang-Ha (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University) ;
  • Park, Eun-Ju (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University) ;
  • Cho, Sung-Rae (Dept. of Internal Medicine Fatima Hospital)
  • 이경혜 (창원대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김양하 (창원대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 박은주 (경남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 조성래 (창원 파티마병원 내분비과)
  • Published : 2008.05.31

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of freeze-dried onion powder (OP) which contains rich in quercetin (22 mg/10 g) on hyperlipidemic participants. Fourteen participants (total cholesterol level in plasma $270.8{\pm}21.4mg/dL$) $40{\sim}59$ years of age who were diagnosed as hyperlipidemia by a physician at Fatima Hospital in Changwon took part in this study for 12 weeks. We investigated the anthropometric data and dietary habit by using questionnaires. Also, blood samples were collected from the patients in fasting before and after this 12 weeks intervention study. 78.6% of the patients showed interest in health diet management and weight control; however, they also showed some problems in their dietary habit (meal irregularity, food choice, calorie nutrient balance, high fat and cholesterol etc.) and life style (smoking, eating out, alcohol intake) that could have adverse effect on hyperlipidemic therapy. Most participants (85.7%) thought that OP was good for their health. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol significantly decreased with OP intake. The HDL-cholesterol increased and the Atherogenic index (AI) significantly decreased. Regarding the correlations of dietary habit and life style with anthropometric and biochemical factors, the alcohol intake level was significantly correlated with the frequency of eating out and body mass index (BMI). Exercise level showed positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol and negative correlation with atherogenic index (AI). These results suggest that the intake of polyphenol rich onion may decrease the risk of hyperlipidemia by reducing cholesterol level. We consider these hypolipidemic effects of OP as a possible functional food. However, further research such as a well designed longterm clinical study with experimental and placebo groups is needed.

본 연구에서는 고지혈증 판정을 받은 $40{\sim}50$대 남성 14명에게 12주 동안의 양파가루 섭취가 고지혈증의 완화에 영향을 주는지 알아보기 위해 양파섭취 전과 후의 식이조사, 식생활조사, 식습관 조사 및 혈 중 지질의 변화를 비교 고찰하였다. 고지혈증 환자의 대부분이 식사 시에 ‘콜레스테롤’, ‘지방’을 주의한다고 하였다. 건강유지 방법으로는 주로 ‘운동’을 생각하고 있었다. 지방 식품의 섭취빈도는 ‘기름이 많은 고기 버터, 생크림’은 ‘1주일에 $3{\sim}5$일(12명)’, ‘계란노른자, 어육류 내장, 오징어’는 ‘1주일에 $3{\sim}5$일’(9명), ‘기름이 많은 음식, 마요네즈’는 1주일에 $3{\sim}5$일’(8명)로 나타났다. 열량영양소의 섭취비율은 고지혈증 치료지침에 비하여 당질은 낮게, 지방과 콜레스테롤은 다소 높게 섭취하고 있었다. 조사요인들 간의 상관관계에서는 외식 빈도의 증가에 따라 알코올 섭취량이 증가하는 것(p<0.01)으로, 알코올 섭취량은 BMI에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 운동의 경우 HDL-콜레스테롤에는 양의 상관성(p<0.01)을, AI에는 음의 상관성(p<0.05)을 보이면서 영향을 주었다. 양파가루 섭취 후의 건강의 느낌 변화 및 기대에서는 대부분의 환자들 (12명)이 건강이 좋아질 것이라고 응답하였으며, 앞으로도 양파가루를 계속 섭취하겠다고 응답한 환자는 8명이었다. 양파가루 섭취로 환자의 체성분에서 어떤 유의적인 변화도 유발시키지 못하였다. 양파가루 섭취로 총 콜레스테롤 (p<0.01)과 LDL-콜레스테롤(p<0.01) 및 동맥경화지수 (p<0.05)가 유의적으로 감소하였고, GOT와 GPT는 변화가 없었다. 본 연구에서는 양파가루의 보충 섭취가 고지혈증 환자들에서 혈중 지질수준과 동맥경화지수를 유의적으로 감소시키는 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다만 비록 정상 범위의 값을 보이고 있었으나 중성지방의 농도가 유의적으로 증가한 것은 유의해야 할 점이며 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 일부 환자들만을 상대로 12주간의 중재기간을 통한 실험을 하였으나 짧은 기간이었고, 위약군을 실시하지 못하여 양파의 충분한 효과를 논하기에는 부족한 점이 분명히 있다. 다만 다른 식생활의 변화나 약물의 사용 없이 양파가루의 섭취만으로 혈중 지질 값이 유의적으로 감소한 것은 양파의 기능성식품으로서의 가능성은 보여준 것으로 생각된다. 앞으로 더 많은 실험대상자들을 상대로 대조군과 실험군의 비교를 통한 장기간의 임상실험을 통하여 좀 더 깊이 있는 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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