Journal of Power Electronics

The Korean Institute of Power Electronics (전력전자학회)
권호 표지

Individual Charge Equalization Converter with Parallel Primary Winding of Transformer for Series Connected Lithium-Ion Battery Strings in an HEV

  • Kim, Chol-Ho (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST) ;
  • Park, Hong-Sun (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST) ;
  • Kim, Chong-Eun (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST) ;
  • Moon, Gun-Woo (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST) ;
  • Lee, Joong-Hui (SK Institute of Technology)
  • Published : 2009.05.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this paper, a charge equalization converter with parallel-connected primary windings of transformers is proposed. The proposed work effectively balances the voltage among Lithium-Ion battery cells despite each battery cell has low voltage gap compared with its state of charge (SOC). The principle of the proposed work is that the equalizing energy from all battery strings moves to the lowest voltage battery through the isolated dc/dc converter controlled by the corresponding solid state relay switch. For this research a prototype of four Lithium-Ion battery cells is optimally designed and implemented, and experimental results show that the proposed method has excellent cell balancing performance.

Keywords

References

  1. D. S.- Repila and J. E. W. Poxon, "Hybrid electric vehicles: current concepts and future market trends," J. Barcelona IEEE Student Branch, vo. 13, pp. 5-30, Mar. 2006
  2. N. Takeda, S. Imai, Y. Horii, and H. Yoshida, 'Development of high-performance lithium-ion Batteries for hybrid electric vehicles,' Mitsubishi Motors Technical Review, pp. 68-72, Jan. 2003
  3. S. West and P. T. Krein, "Equalization of value-regulated lead-acid batteries: issues and life test results," in Proc. IEEE INTELEC'00, Phoenix, USA, pp. 439-449, Sep. 2000
  4. J. Rouillard, C. Comte, R. A. Hagen, O. B. Knudson, A. Morin, and G. Ross, "Equalizer system and method for series connected energy storing devices," U.S. Patent 5 952 815, Sep. 14, 1999
  5. Y. Fukuyama, "Series connection circuit for secondary battery," U.S. Patent 5 602 481, Feb. 11, 1997
  6. N. H. Kutkut, H. L. N. Wiegman, D. M. Divan and D. W. Novotny, "Design considerations for charge equalization of an electric vehicle battery system," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 35, pp. 28-35, Feb. 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/28.740842
  7. D. M. Divan, N. H. Kutkut, D. W. Novotny, H. L. Wiegman, "Battery charging using a transformer with a single primary winding and plural secondary windings," U.S. Patent 5 659 237, Aug. 19, 1997
  8. M. Tang and T. Stuart, "Selective buck-boost equalizer for series battery packs," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 36, pp. 201-211, Jan. 2000 https://doi.org/10.1109/7.826322
  9. Y. Xi and P. K. Jain, "A forward converter topology with independently and precisely regulated multiple outputs," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 18, pp. 648-658, March. 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2003.809348
  10. C. S. Moo, Y. C. Hsieh, and I. S. Tsai, "Charge equalization for series-connected batteries," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 39, pp. 704-710, Apr. 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2003.1207276
  11. T. -C. Chen and Z. -J. Guey, "Charge equalizer for series of connected battery strings," U.S. Patent 6 008 623, Dec. 28, 1999
  12. N. H. Kutkut, H. Wiegman, and R. Marion, "Modular battery charge equalizers and method of control," U.S. Patent 6 150 795, Nov. 21, 2000
  13. Y. -S. Lee and M. -W. Cheng, "Intelligent control battery equalization for series connected lithium-ion battery strings," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol 52, pp. 1297-1307, Oct. 2005 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2005.855673
  14. C. Pascual and P. T. Krein, "Switched capacitor system for automatic series battery equalization," in Proc. IEEE APEC '97, Atlanta, USA, Feb. 1997, pp.848-854
  15. Y. C. Hsieh, C. S. Moo, and W. Y. Ou-Yang, "A bi-directional charge equalization circuit for series-connected batteries," in Proc. PEDS '05, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Nov.-Dec. 2005, pp. 1578-1583 https://doi.org/10.1109/PEDS.2005.1619940
  16. H. –S. Park, C. –E. Kim, G. –W. Moon, J. –H. Lee, and J. K. Oh, "Two-stage cell balancing scheme for hybrid electric vehicle Lithium-ion battery strings," in Proc. IEEE PESC '07, Orlando, USA, June 2007 https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2007.4342000
  17. H. –S. Park, C. –E. Kim, C. –H. Kim, G. –W. Moon, and J. –H. Lee, , "A Modularized Charge Equalization Converter for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Stack," J. Power Electron., vol.7, no. 4, pp. 343-352, 2007
  18. J. Chiasson and B. Vairamohan, "Estimating the state of charge of a battery," IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technol., pp. 465-470, May. 2005