Healthy Eating Habits Related to Normal Weight Maintenance among Female University Students

여대생의 바람직한 식습관과 정상체중의 유지

  • Baek, Seol-Hyang (Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Dongguk University)
  • 백설향 (동국대학교 의과대학 간호학과)
  • Published : 2009.06.30

Abstract

In order to investigate how to maintain normal weight under independent living conditions, twenty female university students were enrolled and asked to complete a questionnaire over a 10- day study period. T-test, Spearman's correlation and multiple regression analysis were applied to describe characteristics of weight maintainers' habits on a daily basis. The results were as follows: They always comsumed small or moderate-sized meals. $2{\sim}3$ co-eaters usually had dinner together at home while not watching TV. They also showed healthy eating behaviors such as no snacking, very little amounts of soft drinks, coffee and alcohol consumption. The always normal weight maintainers, however, were not physically active at all. When being with co-eater(s), they ate larger-sized dinners (${\beta}$ = 0.585, $R^2$= 30.6), and the more co-eaters they had at the dinner table, the greater BMI they got (${\beta}$ = 0.547, $R^2$= 29.9). As a result of this study, encouraging young adult people to exercise on a regular basis is required, even though they seem to succeed in maintaining normal weight without being active physically. Further study is necessary to investigate how co-eaters would influence the amount of food eaten.

Keywords

References

  1. Aenderson DA, Shapiro JR, Lundgren JD (2003): The freshman year of college as a critical period for weight gain: an initial evaluation. Eat Behav 4(4): 363-367 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1471-0153(03)00030-8
  2. Baek SH, Kim EJ (2007): Analysis of weight maintenance behavior among female university students. Korean J Community Nutr 12(2): 150-159
  3. Bahr R (1992): Excess postexercise oxygen consumption magnitude, mechanism and practical implication. Acta Physiol Scand 605(suppl): 1-70
  4. Basdevant A, Craplet C, Guy-Grand B (1993): Snacking patterns in obese French women. Appetite 21(1): 17-23 https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1993.1033
  5. Beverage Marketing Corporation (2005): University of Michigan annual consumer satisfaction index
  6. Blair AJ, Booth DA, Lewis VJ, Wainwright CJ (1989): The relative success of official and informal weight reduction techniques. Psychol Health 3(3): 195-206 https://doi.org/10.1080/08870448908400379
  7. Booth DA, Blair AJ, Lewis VJ, Baek S (2004): Pattern of eating and movement that best maintain reduction in overweight. Appetite 43(3): 277-283 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2004.06.007
  8. Breslow RA, Smothers BA (2005): Drinking pattern and body mass index in never smokers. Am J Epidemiol 161(4): 368-376 https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwi061
  9. Chang HS, Kim MR (2003): A study on the anthropometry and health-related lifestyle habits of women college students in Kunsan. Korean J Community Nutr 8(4): 526-537
  10. Cho WS, Kim SM (1994): A study on relationships between body index and dietary habit, and weight control of female college students in Incheon & Seoul area. pp.137-150. Kyungki Junior College Press
  11. Cho KJ, Kang HJ (2004): A study on the food habits and dietary intakes of university students in Busan area. Korean J Food Cult 19(1): 70-82
  12. Chosunilbo (2005): http://www.chosun.com/national/news/200503/2005 03280202.html
  13. Coakley EH, Rimm EB, Colditz G, Kawachi I, Willett W (1998): Predictors of weight change in men: Results from the health professionals follow-up study. Int J Obes 22(2): 89-96 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800549
  14. Choi MK, Lee YS (2007): The relationships among coffee consumption, blood pressure, and serum lipids in Korean adult men and women. Korean J Food & Nutr 20(4): 460-466
  15. De Casto JM (1994): Family and friends produce greater social facilitation of food iIntaked than other companions. Physiol Behav 56(3): 445-455 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(94)90286-0
  16. Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (2004): Dietary reference intakes for water, pottasium, sodium, choride, and sulfate. National Academies Press, pp. D2-9, Washington DC
  17. French SA, Jeffery RW (1997): Current dieting, weight loss history, and weight suppression: behavioral correlates of three dimensions of dieting. Addict behav 22(1): 31-44 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(96)00002-0
  18. Greenberg JA, Boozer CN, Geliebter A (2006): Coffee, diabetes and weight control. Am J Clin Nutr 84(5): 682-693
  19. Ha TS, Park MH, Cho SH (1999): A study on beverage consumption pattern associated with food and nutrient intakes of college students. J Korean Diet Assoc 5(1): 21-28
  20. Hetherington MM, Adnerson AS, Norton GNM, Newson L (2006): Situational effects on meal intake: a comparison of eating alone and eatign with others. Physiol Behav 88(4): 498-505 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.04.025
  21. Jun YS (1988): A Survey of eating behavior and breakfast pattern of college students. Hyejeon College Press 17: 449-461
  22. Kayman S, Bruvold W, Stern JS (1990): Maintenance and relapse after weight loss in women: Behavioral Aspects. Am J Clin Nutr 52(5): 800-807
  23. Keim NL, Van Loan MD, Horn WF, Barbieri TF, Mayclin PL (1997): Weight loss is greater with consumption of large norning neals and fat-free mass is preserved with large evening meals in women on a controlled weight reduction regimen. J Nutr 127(1): 75-82
  24. Kern LS, Friedman KE, Reichmann SK, Costanzo PR, Musante GJ (2002): Changing eating behavior a preliminary study to consider broader measures of weight control treatment success. Eat Behav 3(2): 113-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1471-0153(01)00048-4
  25. Kim HK (1996): Obesity among secondary school girls in Ulsan area. J East Asian Soc Diet Life 6(1): 33-39
  26. Kim KA, Ahn GJ, Kim KW (2004): Analysis of dietary habit, eating disorder and needs for nutrition education programs by weight control attempts among female college students. J Korean Soc Study Obes 13(4): 248-260
  27. Kim MY, Lee SW, Shin ES, Park HS (1994): Diet and eating behavior in obese patients. J Korean Acad Farm Med 15(6): 353-362
  28. Kim YE, Kim YN (2002): A study on body mass index and associated factors of the middle aged women in small city. Korean J Nutr 7(4): 506-515
  29. Ko KJ (2003): A study on drinking of college students and its related factors. Jeju Halla College Press 27:11-26
  30. Ko MS, Kim SA (2006): A study of the dietary habits, diversity of food intake and nutrient intake of Silla university students. Proceeding of the Silla University The research Institute for Natural Science 12: 31-44
  31. Ko SH, Yu HR (1998): The influences of energy consumption on obesity and physical fitness. Korean J Phys Educ 37(1): 161-172
  32. KSSO (Korean Society for the Study of Obesity) (2005): http:// www.kosso.or.kr/
  33. Lee HY (1998): A survey on breakfast of commuting local college students and suggestions for desirable breakfast menu. Korean J Food & Nutr 11(3): 305-328
  34. Lee JS (2003): A study of female college students' behavior and ideal breakfast types. Korean J Food Culture 18(5): 466-474
  35. Lee YS, Ha MS (1998): The effects of resistance exercise intensity on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. Korean J Phys Educ 37(4): 415-422
  36. Lee YJ, Kyung JC (1999): A comparative study of obese children and normal children on dietary intake and environmental factors at and elementary school in Inchon. Korean J Community Nutr 4(4): 504-511
  37. Lewis VJ, Booth DA (1986): Causal influences within an individual’s dieting thoughts, feelings and behaviour. In J.M. Diehl & C. Leitzmann (Eds), Measurement and determinants of food habits and food preferences. pp.187-208. Wageningen: Department of Human Nutrition(EC Concerted Action Project), Agricultural Universit
  38. Marion MH, Annie SA, Geraldine NM, Norton GN, Newson L (2006): Situational effects on meal intake: A comparison of eating along and eating with others. Physiol Behav 88(4): 498-505 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.04.025
  39. Mattes RD (2002): Feeding behaviors and weight loss outcomes over 64 months. Eat Behav 3(2): 191-204 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1471-0153(01)00059-9
  40. Mickiernan MS, James HH, George PM, Richard DM (2009): Thirstdrinking, hunger-eating; Tight coupling?. J Am Diet Assoc 109(3): 486-490 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.11.027
  41. Ministry of Health and Welfare (2003): http://epic.kdi.re.kr
  42. National Health Insurance Company (2009): http://hi.nhic.or.kr/
  43. Nielsen SJ, Popkin BM (2004): Changes in beverage intake between 1997 and 2001. Am J Prev Med 27(3): 205-210 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2004.05.005
  44. Ogden J (2000): The correlates of long-term weight loss: a group comparison study of obesity. Int J Obes 24(8): 1018-1025 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801354
  45. Park HS (1997): Adolescent obesity and weight control. J Korea Acad Fam Med 18(11): 1171-1182
  46. Park MR (1999): A study on beverge consumption pattern and image in Seoul. J East Asian Soc dietry life 9(5): 501-513
  47. Ro HK (1999): Factors in food selection and eating out behavior of college students. Korean J Dietary Culture 14(3):241-249
  48. Rhee HS (1997): A study on life habits of male and female adults relating to their body shape. J Korean Food Sci 13(2): 147-156
  49. Sanchez-Villegas A, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Toledo E, de Irala- Estevez J, Martinez JA (2002): Relative role of physical inactivity and snacking between meals in weight gain. Med Clin(Barc) 119(2): 46-52 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-7753(02)73311-3
  50. Sedlock DA, Fissinger JA, Melby CL (1989): Effect of exercise intensity and duration on postexercise energy expenditure. Med Sci Sports Exerc 21(6): 662-666
  51. Seo YK, Lee SK (1992): A study on the life-style of obese children. J Korean Soc School Health 5(1): 84-91
  52. Shide DJ, Rolls BJ (1991): Social facilitation of caloric intake in humans by friends but not be strangers. Int J Obes 15(6): 8
  53. Shin SY, Chung LN (2007): The preference and frequency of beverages related to health factor in university students. Korean J Food Culture 22(4): 420-433
  54. Song BC (1998): Dietary patterns of the university student living in Seoul focusing on the eating-out and food preference. Kon-kuk J Natural Science and Technology 9(2): 269-279
  55. The Korean Nutrition Society (1995): Dietary guiderlines for Koreans-The 6th edition. Jungang Press, Seoul
  56. Wansink B (2004): Environmental factors that increse the food intake and consumption volume of unknowing consumers. Annu Rev Nutr 24 (July): 455-479
  57. Westenhoefer J, Von Falck B, Stellfeldt A, Fintelmann S (2004): Behavioral correlates of successful weight reduction over 3y. Results from the Lean Habits Study. Int J Obes 28: 334-335
  58. Yi KO (2000): Practice strategy of sport and leasure studies via energy balancing and eating-habit check. Korean J Physical Education 39(3): 932-941