Effect of the BuOH Soluble Fraction of Cinnamomum camphora on Melanin Biosynthesis

녹나무 부탄올 분획물이 멜라닌 생합성에 미치는 영향

  • Ha, Sang-Keun (Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Moon, Eun-Jung (Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Lee, Min-Jae (Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Park, Hye-Min (Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yoo, Eun-Sook (Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cheju National University) ;
  • Oh, Myung-Sook (Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Yeou (Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University)
  • 하상근 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원) ;
  • 문은정 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원) ;
  • 이민재 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원) ;
  • 박혜민 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원) ;
  • 유은숙 (제주대학교 의과대학) ;
  • 오명숙 (경희대학교 약학대학) ;
  • 김선여 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원)
  • Published : 2009.08.30

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Cinnamomum camphora on melanogenesis. The MeOH extract of Cinnamomum camphora inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, it significantly suppressed the melanin production in melan-a cells at the concentration of $100{\mu}/m{\ell}$. The MeOH extract was partitioned with ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. Among them, the BuOH soluble fraction exhibited significant inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase. In addition, the BuOH soluble fraction reduced the melanin production in melan-a cells. But, the BuOH soluble fraction had less inhibition effects on melan-a cell originated tyrosinase. So, it was performed western blotting for melanogenic proteins (tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP-2)) using melan-a cells. The BuOH soluble fraction inhibited the protein expression of tyrosinase at the concentration of $100{\mu}/m{\ell}$. The results suggested that the BuOH soluble fraction of C. camphora might be a potent inhibitor of melanin biosynthesis in melan-a cells.

Keywords

References

  1. Aroca P, Urabe K, Kobayashi T, Tsukamoto K and Hearing VJ. (1993). Melanin biosynthesis patterns following hormonal stimulation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 268:25650-25655
  2. Bennett DC, Cooper PJ and Hart IR. (1987). A line of nontumorigenic mouse melanocytes, syngeneic with the B16 melanoma and requiring a tumour promoter for growth. International Journal of Cancer. 39:414-418 https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.2910390324
  3. Briganti S, Camera E and Picardo M. (2003). Chemical and instrumental approaches to treat hyperpigmentation. Pigment Cell Research. 16:101-110 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0749.2003.00029.x
  4. Curto EV, Kwong C, Hermersdorfer H, Glatt H, Santis C, Virador V, Hearing VJ Jr. and Dooley TP. (1999). Inhibitors of mammalian melanocyte tyrosinase: in vitro comparisons of alkyl esters of gentisic acid with other putative inhibitors. Biochemical Pharmacology. 57:663-672 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00340-2
  5. del Marmol V and Beermann F. (1996). Tyrosinase and related proteins in mammalian pigmentation. FEBS Letters. 381:165-168 https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(96)00109-3
  6. Fuller BB, Drake MA, Spaulding DT and Chaudhry F. (2000). Downregulation of tyrosinase activity in human melanocyte cell cultures by yohimbine. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 114:268-276 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00860.x
  7. Hearing VJ and Tsukamoto K. (1991). Enzymatic control of pigmentation in mammals. FASEB Journal. 5:2902-2909 https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.5.14.1752358
  8. Hosoi J, Abe E, Suda T and Kuroki T. (1985). Regulation of melanin synthesis of B16 mouse melanoma cells by 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and retinoic acid. Cancer Research 45:1474-1478
  9. Jeong HS, Han JG, Ha JH, Kim Y, Oh SH, Kim SS, Jeong MH, Choi GP, Park UY and Lee HY. (2009). Antioxidant activities and skin-whitening effects of nano-encapsuled water extract from Rubus coreanus Miquel. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 17:83-89
  10. Jo YO, Kong YH, Lee YC, Kim SS and Choi SY. (2008). Inhibitory effect of white ginseng fraction on skin pigmentation. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 16:192-194
  11. Kobayashi T, Urabe K, Winder A, Jimenez-Cervantes C, Imokawa G, Brewington T, Solano F, Garcia-Borron JC and Hearing VJ. (1994). Tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) functions as a DHICA oxidase in melanin biosynthesis. EMBO Journal. 13:5818-5825
  12. Maeda K, Yokokawa Y, Hatao M, Naganuma M and Tomita Y. (1997). Comparison of the melanogenesis in human black and light brown melanocytes. Journal of Dermatological Science. 14:199-206 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0923-1811(96)00575-0
  13. Mukherjee RK, Fujimoto Y and Kakinuma K. (1994). 1-($\omega$- Hydroxyfattyacyl)glycerols and two flavanols from Cinnamomum camphora . Phytochemistry. 37:1641-1643 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)89583-7
  14. Ozeki H, Ito S, Wakamatsu K and Thody AJ. (1996). Spectrophotometric characterization of eumelanin and pheomelanin in hair. Pigment Cell Research. 9:265-270 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1996.tb00116.x
  15. Prota G. (1993). Regulatory mechanisms of melanogenesis: beyond the tyrosinase concept. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 100:156S-161S https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12465079
  16. Shono S and Toda K. (1981). Pigment Cell. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, pp. 263-268
  17. Sulaimon SS and Kitchell BE. (2003). The biology of melanocytes. Veterinary Dermatology. 14:57-65 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3164.2003.00327.x
  18. Takaoka D and Hiroi M. (1976). Two acyclic monoterpene diols from Cinnamomum camphorha. Phytochemistry. 15:330
  19. Takaoka D, Imooka M and Hiroi M. (1979). A novel cyclopentenone, 5-dodecanyl-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-cyclopentenone from Cinnamomum camphora. Phytochemistry. 18:488-489 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81896-8