Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
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Analysis of Rainfall-Runoff Characteristics on Impervious Cover Changes using SWMM in an Urbanized Watershed

SWMM을 이용한 도시화유역 불투수율 변화에 따른 강우유출특성 분석

  • Oh, Dong Geun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Chung, Se Woong (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Ryu, In Gu (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kang, Moon Seong (Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • 오동근 (충북대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 정세웅 (충북대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 류인구 (충북대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 강문성 (서울대학교 지역시스템공학과(농업생명과학연구원))
  • Received : 2009.08.31
  • Accepted : 2009.11.25
  • Published : 2010.01.30
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Abstract

The increase of impervious cover (IC) in a watershed is known as an important factor causing alteration of water cycle, deterioration of water quality and biological communities of urban streams. The study objective was to assess the impact of IC changes on the surface runoff characteristics of Kap Stream basin located in Geum river basin (Korea) using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). SWMM was calibrated and verified using the flow data observed at outlet of the watershed with 8 days interval in 2007 and 2008. According to the analysis of Landsat satellite imagery data every 5 years from 1975 to 2000, the IC of the watershed has linearly increased from 4.9% to 10.5% during last 25 years. The validated model was applied to simulate the runoff flow rates from the watershed with different IC rates every five years using the climate forcing data of 2007 and 2008. The simulation results indicated that the increase of IC area in the watershed has resulted in the increase of peak runoff and reduction of travel time during flood events. The flood flow ($Q_{95}$) and normal flow ($Q_{180}$) rates of Kap Stream increased with the IC rate. However, the low flow ($Q_{275}$) and drought flow ($Q_{355}$) rates showed no significant difference. Thus the subsurface flow simulation algorithm of the model needs to be revisited for better assessment of the impact of impervious cover on the long-term runoff process.

Keywords

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