Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Microbially Ensiled Spent Mushroom (Pleurotus osteratus) Substrates (Bed-Type Cultivation) as a Roughage for Ruminants

균상재배 느타리버섯부산물 생균발효사료의 반추동물 조사료원으로서의 가치 평가

  • Kim, Young-Il (Animal Science, School of Life Resource and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Konkuk University) ;
  • Seok, Jun-Sang (Animal Science, School of Life Resource and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kwak, Wan-Sup (Animal Science, School of Life Resource and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Konkuk University)
  • 김영일 (건국대학교 자연과학대학 생명자원환경과학부 축산학) ;
  • 석준상 (건국대학교 자연과학대학 생명자원환경과학부 축산학) ;
  • 곽완섭 (건국대학교 자연과학대학 생명자원환경과학부 축산학)
  • Received : 2010.02.17
  • Accepted : 2010.04.15
  • Published : 2010.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

An in situ ruminal disappearance trial and an in vivo sheep metabolism trial were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of spent mushroom substrate (SMS, originated from Pleurotus osteratus bed-type cultivation). The raw SMS was ensiled (ESMS) for 30 days with 5% (w/w, DM basis) molasses, 0.5% (v/w) yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and 0.5% (v/w) lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum). Two ruminally cannulated Holsteins (average BW 620 kg) were used to evaluate in situ disappearance. Six sheeps (average BW 48 kg) were fed, in $3{\times}3$ Latin square design, rice straw alone (Control), 25% (ESMS-25) and 50% (ESMS-50) of rice straw were replaced with ensiled SMS. For an in situ trial, ruminal DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) disappearance of SMS were increased after ensiling (P<0.05). For a sheep trial, protein and fiber (NDF, acid detergent fiber, crude fiber) digestibilities were decreased (P<0.05), crude ash digestibility was increased (P<0.001), and nitrogen retention was not affected (P>0.05) as rice straw was replaced with ensiled SMS. Ruminating time was decreased by an average of 28% by feeding ensiled SMS (P<0.05). Ensiled SMS (Bed-type cultivation) had 76% of energy value of rice straw. Consequently, ensiled SMS (Bed-type cultivation, 100% cotton waste) could be used as a roughage source appropriate for maintenance type rations for ruminants.

본 연구는 균상재배 느타리버섯부산물(SMS)의 반추동물 조사료원으로서의 가치를 평가하기 위하여 in situ 반추위 소실율 및 면양을 이용한 in vivo 영양소 소화율, 체내 질소이용성 및 섭취행동 패턴을 평가하였다. SMS에 당밀 5% (w/w, 건물기준), 유산균(Lactobacillus plantarum) 0.5% (v/w) 그리고 효모 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 0.5% (v/w)를 첨가하여 30일간 혐기발효 시킨 후 반추위캐뉼라가 장착된 평균체중 620 kg Holstein 육우 2두를 이용하여 in situ 소실율을 평가하였다. 면양대사실험은 평균체중 48kg의 숫 면양 6두 이용하여 $3{\times}3$ 라틴방각법으로 하였다. 대조구는 볏짚 100%를, 처리구는 볏짚의 25%와 50%를 생균발효 SMS로 각각 대체 급여하였다. 균상재배 버섯부산물의 반추위 in situ DM 및 NDF 이용성은 생균발효처리에 의해 개선되었다(P<0.001). 생균발효 SMS를 볏짚의 25% 및 50% 대체하여 면양에게 급여하였을 때, 단백질과 섬유소(NDF, ADF, CF) 소화율은 감소하였으나 (P<0.05), 조회분 소화율은 증가하였으며(P<0.001), 면양체내 단백질 축척량은 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 볏짚을 생균발효 SMS로 대체 급여함에 따라 면양의 반추시간은 평균 28% 감소하였다(P<0.05). 생균발효 SMS는 볏짚의 76% 수준의 에너지가를 보였다. 결과적으로, 균상재배 느타리버섯부산물은 유지목적의 반추동물 조사료원으로서 보다 적합한 것으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Aksu, T. E. and Bolat, B. D. 2004. Effects of a bacterial silage inoculant on corn silage fermentation and nutrient digestibility. Small Ruminant Research 55(1-3):249-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2003.12.012
  2. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis, 14th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D. C., USA.
  3. Ashmead, H. D. 1993. The role of Amino Acids Chelates in Animal Nutrition. Noyes Publications. New Jersey.
  4. Edrman, R. A. 1988. Dietary buffering requirements of the lactating dairy cow : a review. J. Dairy Sci. 71:3246-3266. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(88)79930-0
  5. Gao, L., Yang, H., Wang, X., Huang, Z., Ishii, M., Igarashi, Y. and Cui, Z. 2008. Rice straw fermentation using lactic acid bacteria. Bioresource Technology 99:2742-2748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.07.001
  6. Krehbiel, C. R., Rust, S. R., Zhang, G. and Gilliland, S. E. 2003. Bacterial direct-fed microbials in ruminant diets : performance responses and mode of action, J. Anim. Sci. 81(2):120-132.
  7. Kwak, W. S., Kim, Y. I., Seok, J. S., Oh, Y. K. and Lee, S. M. 2009. Molasses and microbial inoculants improve fermentability and silage quality of cotton waste-based spent mushroom substrate. Bioresource Technology 100:1471-1473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.066
  8. Mertens, D. R. 1997. Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:1463-1481. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76075-2
  9. National Research Council. 1985. Nutrient requirements of sheep. 6th rev. ed., National Academy Press, Washington, D. C., USA.
  10. National Research Council. 2000. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 8th rev. ed., National Academy Press, Washington, D. C., USA.
  11. Nocek, J. E. 1985. Evaluation of specific variables affecting in situ estimates of ruminal dry matter and protein digestion. J. Anim. Sci. 60:1347-1358. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1985.6051347x
  12. Nsereko, V. L., Smiley, B. K., Rutherford, W. M., Spielbauer, A., Forrester, K. J., Hettinger, G. H., Harman, E. K. and Harman, B. R. 2008. Influence of inoculating forage with lactic acid bacterial strains that produce ferulate esterase on ensilage and ruminal degradation of fiber. Animal Feed Science and Technology 145(1-4):122-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.06.039
  13. Orskov, E. R., Hovell, F. D. and Mould, F. 1980. The use of the nylon bag technique for the evaluation of feedstuffs. Tropical Animal Production 5:195-213.
  14. Smith, L. W., Goering, H. K., Waldo, D. R. and Gordon, C. H. 1971. In vitro digestion rate of forage cell wall components, J. Dairy Sci. 54:71-79. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(71)85780-6
  15. Sniffen, C. J., O'Connor, J. D., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. G. and Russell, J. B. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets. II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. J. Anim. Sci. 70:3562. https://doi.org/10.2527/1992.70113562x
  16. Statistix7. 2000. User's Manual. Analytical Software, Tallagassee, FL, USA.
  17. Suhajda, A., Hegoczki, J., Janzso, B., Pais, I. and Vereczkey, G. 2000. Preparation of selenium yeasts I. Preparation of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine, 14, 43-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0946-672X(00)80022-X
  18. Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. and Lewis, B. A. 1991. Methods of dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  19. Weinberg, Z. G., Chen, Y. and Weinberg, P. 2008. Ensiling olive cake with and without molasses for ruminant feeding, Bioresource Technology 99:1526-1529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.04.022
  20. Yang, S. Y., Ji, K. S., Baik, Y. H., Kwak, W. S. and McCaskey, T. A. 2006. Lactic acid fermentation of food waste for swine feed. Bioresource Technology 97:1858-1864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.08.020
  21. 고영두, 류영우, 강한석, 김재황, 유성오, 강경록. 1996. 옥수수-산란계분 silage의 면양체내 소화율과 질소출납 및 반추위 성상에 관한 연구. 한국동물자원과학회지 20(5):453-458.
  22. 곽완섭, 백용현, 지경수. 2004. 퇴적발효 육계분의 조사료적 가치 평가. 한국동물자원과학회지 46(2):201-208.
  23. 김영일, 배지선, 정세형, 안문환, 곽완섭. 2007, 버섯폐배지의 발생량 조사 및 새송이, 느타리, 팽이 버섯 폐배지의 버섯종류별과 재배방식별의 물 리화학적 특성평가. 한국동물자원과학회지 49(1):79-88.
  24. 이덕윤, 고종렬, 최낙진, 이상석, 송재용, 이세영, 박성호, 성하균, 하종규. 2003. 유형별 완전혼합사료 급여가 반추위내 발효성상 및 영양소 소화 율에 미치는 영향. 한국동물자원과학회지 45(5):805-812.

Cited by

  1. Effects of fermented mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) by-product diets on growth performance and carcass traits in growing-fattening Berkshire pigs vol.83, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00924.x
  2. Performance of growing pigs fed diets based on by-products of maize and wheat processing vol.45, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-012-0237-7
  3. Effects of Substitution of Fermented King Mushroom By-Products Diet on the Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Economics of Fattening Pigs vol.55, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2013.55.4.273
  4. muscle of fattening pigs fed a fermented carrot by-product vol.42, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2013.867859