Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
권호 표지

Rice Growth and Grain Quality in No-till and Organic Farming Paddy Field as Affected by Different Rice Cultivars

무경운 및 유기농 논에서 품종에 따른 벼 생육 및 미질 특성 구명

  • Lee, Young-Han (Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • Received : 2010.04.02
  • Accepted : 2010.04.14
  • Published : 2010.04.30
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Abstract

This study was to find out optimum rice cultivars for organic farming in no-tillage paddy. A field research was conducted the yield, yield components, and qualities of thirty two Korean rice cultivars, and two Japanese rice cultivars. The column length of early rice plant was shorter in medium maturing rice cultivars compared to early, and medium-late maturing rice cultivars. Planthopper population per20-plant was lower in Ilpumbyeo, Dongjinbyeo, Hojinbyeo, Donganbyeo, and Sobeebyeo in that order while was higherin rice cultivars of early maturity. The disease severity of sheath blight was higher in Saechucheongbyeo>Chucheongbyeo>Namwonbyeo>Sangmibyeo in that order, on the other hand, that was lowerinHwaseongbyeo>Junambyeo>Saesangjubyeo=Hitomebore>Ilpumbyeo>Hwayeongbyeo in that order, respectively. The grain yield of Korean rice cultivars was significantly higher in 2.95 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Hwasinbyeo, 2.91 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Ilpumbyeo, 2.86 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Sobeebyeo, 2.73 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Naepungbyeo, and 2.70 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Saegyehwabyeo compared with 1.38 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Hwabongbyeo, 1.62 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Hwayeongbyeo, and 1.78 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Haepyeongbyeo of medium maturing rice cultivars, respectively. Toyo taste value of medium maturing rice cultivars tended to higher than that of early, and medium-late maturing rice cultivars. Ripening rate of rice cultivars was significantly positive correlated with Toyo taste value while negative correlated with protein content. According to principal component analysis, these results show that Sangmibyeo, Sangsanbyeo, and Odaebyeo for early maturity, Naepungbyeo, and Sobeebyeo for medium maturity, and Hwasinbyeo, Chucheongbyeo, and Sindongjinbyeo for medium-late maturity were optimum rice cultivars for organic farming in no-tillage paddy.

저 투입 녹색성장이 가능한 무경운 논에서 우리나라 주요 벼 품종 32종과 일본 벼 품종 2종을 대상으로 이현미사질양토에서 유기농업에 적합한 품종을 선발하기 위해 수량, 수량 구성요소와 쌀 품질을 분석하였다. 벼 생육초기 초장은 중생종 품종이 조생종 및 중만생종 품종에 비해 짧은 경향이었다. 벼멸구 발생 밀도는 벼 품종간에 통계적인 유의성이 없었으나 일품벼>동진1호=호진벼>동안벼>소비벼 순으로 벼멸구에 강한 것으로 나타났고 조생종 품종이 벼멸구에 약한 것으로 나타났다. 벼 잎집무늬마름병 발병 진전 비율은 새추청벼>추청벼>칼로스>남원벼>상미벼 순으로 높은 반면 화성벼>주남벼>새상주벼=히또메보레>일품벼>화영벼 순으로 낮았다. 우리나라 벼 품종별 수량은 화신벼가 2.95 Mg $ha^{-1}$, 일품벼 2.91 Mg $ha^{-1}$, 소비벼 2.86 Mg $ha^{-1}$, 내풍벼 2.73 Mg $ha^{-1}$, 새계화벼 2.70 Mg $ha^{-1}$ 순으로 높은 반면, 중생종인 화봉벼는 1.38 Mg $ha^{-1}$, 화영벼가 1.62 Mg $ha^{-1}$, 해평벼는 1.78 Mg $ha^{-1}$로 매우 낮았다. Toyo 식미치는 내풍벼 84.0, 상미벼 83.6, 화성벼 82.4, 새상주벼 82.3, 히또메보레 82.2, 화영벼 82.0, 일품벼 81.0 순으로 높은 반면, 남원벼 69.3, 새계화벼 71.4, 화봉벼 72.3, 동안벼 73.0, 동진1호 73.4의 순으로 낮았으며 중생종이 Toyo 식미치가 높았다. 등숙 비율이 높아질수록 Toyo 식미치가 증가되고 단백질 함량은 유의적으로 낮아졌으며 완전미 비율이 높아졌다. 주성분 분석결과 무경운 논에서 유기농업에 적합한 벼 품종으로 조생종은 상미벼, 상산벼와 오대벼, 중생종은 내풍벼와 소비벼, 중만생종은 화신벼, 추청벼, 신동진벼가 양호하였다.

Keywords

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