Korean Journal of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회지)

The Korean Society of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회)
권호 표지

Comparative Study on Nutrients Intake, Physical Activities and Bone Mineral Density of Specialized Game High School dentsaccording to Obesity Level

게임특성화 고등학교 학생의 비만도에 따른 영양상태, 생활습관 및 골밀도 비교 연구

  • Oh, Yun-Kyoung (Major in Nutrition Education, Graduate School of Education. Wonkwang Universitiy) ;
  • Sohn, Cheong-Min (Major in Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University)
  • 오윤경 (원광대학교 교육대학원 영양교육) ;
  • 손정민 (원광대학교 식품영양학)
  • Received : 2010.01.22
  • Accepted : 2010.06.18
  • Published : 2010.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and to compare the dietary behaviors, nutrient intake and physical activities of specialized game high school students. Total of 163 subjects participated and their weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and bone status by a quantitative ultrasound method were measured. The subjects were surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire about general characteristics, dietary behaviors and physical activities. Nutrient intakes of the subjects were assessed by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The subjects were divided into four groups on their obesity level by BMI. The prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight and obese group was 6%, 58%, 16%, and 20% respectively. BMI was negatively correlated with bone mineral density (p < 0.01) and positively correlated with WHR (p < 0.01). The dietary guideline compliance score for "Enjoy Korean rice food style" was 2.63, followed by "Prepare food sanitarily"2.48, "Do not skip breakfast"2.29, "Eat a variety of vegetables, fruits, dairy products daily"2.25, "Drink water instead of beverage"2.10, "Choose less fried foods"2.09 and "Maintain healthy weight"1.91. The exercise frequency of walking was not significantly different between groups; however, heavy exercise frequency was significantly lower in underweight group than the other groups (p < 0.05). The energy intake was 2153 kcal, which was 81.2% of the Estimate Energy Requirement, and the intake of calcium and vitamin $B_2$ was 66.7% and 77.8% of KDRIs. Particularly, the intake of iron, vitamin A and vitamin C was about 59.4%, 52.2% and 55.4% of KDRIs and INQ was 0.71, 0.63 and 0.65 respectively, and intake of folic acid fell behind 39.1% of KDRIs and INQ was 0.46. Our study suggests that the systematic and continuous nutrition education will have to be provided at schools to improve dietary and health behaviors and prevent chronic metabolic disease for students of specialized game high school.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn HS, Kim SH, Lee SS (2005): A study of factors affecting bone mineral density in Korean adolescents : Anthropocentric measurement, life style, and other environmental factors. Korean J Nutr 38(3): 242-250
  2. Ahn YJ, Lee JE, Cho NH, Shin C, Park C, Oh BS, Kimm KC (2004): Validation and calibration of semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Korean J Community Nutr 9(2): 173-182
  3. American Heart Association (2003) :Exercise and Children. Scientific Position. Available from www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4596 [cited 2010 January 4]
  4. Bae HS (2008) : Dietary intake, serum lipids, iron index and antioxidant status by percent body fat of young females. Korean J Community Nutr 13(3): 323-333
  5. Bae YJ, Kim EY, ChoHK, Kim MH, Choi MK, Sung MK, Sung CJ (2006): Relation among dietary habits, nutrient intakes and bone mineral density in Korean normal and obese elementary students. Korean J Community Nutr 11(1): 14-24
  6. Baur LA, O'Connor J (2004): Special considerations in childhood and adolescent obesity. Clini Dermatol 22(4): 338-344 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.01.005
  7. Cho YG, Song HJ, Kang JH (2009): Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean children and adolescents according to the international diabetes federation definition in children and adolescents. Korean J Fam Med 30(4): 261-268 https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2009.30.4.261
  8. Epstein LH, Saelens BE, O'brien JG (1995) : Effects of reinforcing increases in activity versus decreases in sedentary behavior in obese children. Int J Behav Med 2: 41-50 https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0201_4
  9. Hong YM, Song YW, Kim HS, Park HS, Min JH, Jung JW, Kim NS Noh CI (2009): Metabolic syndrome in the overweight and obese adolescents and the impact of obesity on the cardiovascular system. Korean J Pediatr 52(10): 1109-1118 https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2009.52.10.1109
  10. Jae EJ, Byoun KE, Youn JE, Lee BK, Kim HS (2009): Effects of body composition and nutrients intake on the calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation in college students. Korean J Community Nutr 14(5): 590-599
  11. Jekal YS, Kim ES, Lee MK, Jeon JY (2008): The relationship between leisure time physical activity participation and percent body fat and physical fitness among Korean male high school student. Korean J Phys Educ 47(4): 409-416
  12. Juonala M, Raitakari M, SA Viikari J, Raitakari OT (2006): Obesity in youth is not an independent predictor of carotid IMT in adulthood. The cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. Atherosclerosis 185(2): 388-393 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.06.016
  13. Kang BS, Park MS, Cho YS, Lee JW (2006): Beverage consumption and related factors among adolescents in the Chungnam urban area. Korean J Community Nutr 11(4): 469-478
  14. Kang HM (2004): A Study of leisure behavior among youth in Korea. Korean J Phys Educ 44(2): 525-535
  15. Kim HK, Lim HJ, Park HJ, Park JE, Ahn HY, Kim M (2002): Secular trends and gender differences in Korean adolescents' physical fitness. J Phys Growth and Mot Dev 10(2): 9-21
  16. Kim HS, Lee BH (2008): Influence of computer use hours on physical development, dietary patterns, and nutritional status of higher grade elementary school children. Korean J Nutr 41(2): 165-173
  17. Kim JH, Chon YI (2004): Effects of smoking, exercise on body composition, nutrient intakes and serum lipids in male high school students. Korean J Community Nutr 9(1): 19-28
  18. Kim KH (2009) : Effects of weight control program on food habits, eating behaviors and life habits in obese elementary school children. Korean J Community Nutr 14(5): 509-520
  19. Korea Society of Nutrition (2005): Dietary reference intakes for Koreans
  20. Lee DS, Yoo SM, Cheong YS, Park EW (2001): The prevalence of childhood obesity and risk factors associated with obesity in Asan-city. Korean J Fam Med 22(10): 1484-1493
  21. Lee HS, Kim MH, Lee DH, Sung CJ (2006): The relationship between some blood parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity in Korean postmenopausal women. Korean J Nutr 39(5): 476-484
  22. Lee HT, Um SH, Cho DY (2004) : Effects of regular exercise on health-related physical fitness and physical self-concept. Korean J Sports Psychol 15(2): 115-128
  23. Lee JK (2008): 2007 Statistics of national health. Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul
  24. Lee JS (2007): A comparative study on fast food consumption patterns classified by age in Busan. Korean J Community Nutr 12(5): 534-544
  25. Matkovic V, Fonrana D, Tominac C, Goel P, Chesnut CH (1990): A study of calcium balance and the inheritance of bone mass in adolescent female. Am J Clin Nutr 52: 878-888
  26. Ministry of Culture and Tourism (2000): National fitness survey. Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Seoul
  27. Ministry of Health & Welfare (2005): The third Korea national health and nutrition examination survey - Health behavior of adults. Ministry of Health & Welfare
  28. Moon YH (2007): The state and factors associated with the level of physical activity and exercise in adolescents. J Korean Acad Public Health Nurs 21(1): 75-84
  29. Paik HY, Kim CI, Moon HK, Yoon JS, Joung HJ, Shim JE, Jung HJ (2008): 2008 Dietary goals and dietary guidelines for Korean adults. Korean J Nutr 41(8): 887-899
  30. Prentice A (2001): The relative contribution of diet and genotype to bone development. Proc Nutr Soc 60: 1-8
  31. Robert CK, Barnard RJ (2005): Effects of exercise and diet on chronic disease. J Appl Physiol 98: 3-30
  32. Russell M, Mendes N, Miller KK, Rosen CJ, Lee H, Klibanski A, Misra M (2010): Visceral fat is a negative predictor of bone density measures in obese adolescent girls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (Epub ahead of print)
  33. Sinha R, Fisch G, Teague B, Tamborlane WV, Banyas B, Allen K, Savoye M, Rieger V, Taksali S, Barbetta G, Sherwin RS, Caprio S (2002): Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance among children and adolescents with marked obesity. N Eng J Med 346(11): 802-811 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa012578
  34. Suh YS, Kim DH, Shin DH (2000): Differences of bone mineral density in weight-bearing body fat distribution. Korean J Fam Med 21(11): 1014-1014
  35. Tounian P, Aggoun Y, Dubern B, Varille V, Guy-Grand B, Sidi D, Girardet JP, Bonnet D (2001): Presence of increased stiffness of the common carotid artery and endothelial dysfunction in severely obese children; a prospective study. Lancet 358(9291): 1400-1404 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06525-4
  36. World Health Organization (2004): Global strategy on diet, physical a activity and Health. World Health Organization, Geneva
  37. Yeoh YJ, Yoon JH, Shim JE, Chung SJ (2008): Factors associated with skipping breakfast in Korean children:Analysis of data from the 2001 national health and nutrition survey. Korean J Community Nutr 13(1): 62-68
  38. Yi NY, Kwak TK, Lee KE (2006): Food habits and nutrient intakes by self-reported food consumption of middle and high school students in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Gyeongnam area. Korean J Food Cult 21(5): 473-480
  39. Zoico E, Zamboni M, Di Francesco V, Mazzali G, Fantin F, De Pergola G, Givelonghi A, Adami S, Bosello O (2008): Relation between adiponectin and bone mineral density in elderly post-menopausal women;rold of body composition, leptin, insulin resitance, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. J Endocrinol Invest 31(4): 297-302