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The Redetermination of USLE Rainfall Erosion Factor for Estimation of Soil Loss at Korea

토양유실량 예측을 위한 강우침식인자 재산정

  • 박찬원 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부) ;
  • 손연규 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부) ;
  • 현병근 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부) ;
  • 송관철 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부) ;
  • 전현정 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부) ;
  • 문용희 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부) ;
  • 윤순강 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부)
  • Received : 2011.11.17
  • Accepted : 2011.12.06
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

This study was conducted to redetermine the rainfall erosion factor (R factor) in USLE for the estimation of soil loss at Korea. The redetermined R factor may be applied more precisely to interpret the changes of regional/yearly/seasonal patterns, including the amount of rainfall and the kinetic energy of rainfall, in Korea. This study calculated the R factors based on 60-minute precipitation data from 60 sites covering the whole country for 30 years from 1981 to 2010. As a result, the annual mean rainfall was $4,147MJ\;mm\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}\;hr^{-1}$ in Korea. Coastal regions of Jeonnam and Gyeongnam, northwest regions of Gyeonggi, and Seoul had the greater values of R factor compared to other regions. The annual mean R factors for every decade were 3,988, 4,085, and $4,370MJ\;mm\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}\;hr^{-1}$ in 1981~1990, 1991~2000, and 2001~2010, respectively. Generally, the R factors had an increasing tendency over and over pest decades. The ratios of summer R factor to total annual mean R factor were 69.8% (1981~1990), 73.7% (1991~2000), and 74.2% (2001~2010). We found that the absolute values and the relative ratios of summer rainfall are gradually increased.

전국단위 토양유실량 예측을 위하여 기상청 산하 전국 60개 지점의 30년 동안 (1981~2010년)의 60분 단위 강수자료를 이용하여 강우침식인자를 산출하였고, 분석된 결과를 이용하여 지역/시기/계절 별 강우패턴변화와 강우운동에너지 변화를 분석하였다. 강우침식인자를 계산한 결과 우리나라 평균 강우침식인자는 $4,147MJ\;mm\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}\;hr^{-1}$이였다. 지역별로 보면, 제주도를 제외하고 전남 및 경남 해안지방, 경기도 북서 및 서울지역이 높은 강우침식인자 값을 보였다. 시기별 강우침식인자는 1981~1990년 기간에는 3,988, 1991~2000년 기간에는 $4,085MJ\;mm\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}\;hr^{-1}$, 그리고 2001~2010년 기간에는 $4,370MJ\;mm\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}\;hr^{-1}$으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 특히 여름철이 강우침식인자에서 차지하는 비율은 1981~1990년 기간에는 69.8%, 1991~2000년 기간에는 73.7%, 그리고 2001~2010년 기간에는 74.2%으로 여름철 강우가 절대적 수치값 뿐만 아니라 상대적인 비율도 점차 증가하고 경향이었다.

Keywords

References

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  1. Study on Topsoil Erosion Indices for Efficient Topsoil Management vol.31, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.15681/KSWE.2015.31.5.543
  2. Spatial Rainfall Considering Elevation and Estimation of Rain Erosivity Factor R in Revised USLE Using 1 Minute Rainfall Data and Program Development vol.19, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.11108/kagis.2016.19.4.130
  3. Application of Web ERosivity Module (WERM) for estimation of annual and monthly R factor in Korea vol.147, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.07.017
  4. Spatiotemporal Uncertainty of Rainfall Erosivity Factor Estimated Using Different Methodologies vol.58, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5389/KSAE.2016.58.6.055