The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea (암석학회지)

The Petrological Society of Korea (한국암석학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Study on the Possibility of Using Satellite in Monitoring Precursor of Magma Activity in the Baegdusan Volcano

인공위성을 이용한 백두산 화산 마그마 활동의 전조현상 인지 가능성 연구

  • 이덕수 (주식회사지앤 기업부설 연구소) ;
  • 최승찬 (Kiel 대학교) ;
  • 오창환 (전북대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 서민호 (주식회사지앤 기업부설 연구소) ;
  • 유인창 (경북대학교 지질학과)
  • Received : 2013.01.29
  • Accepted : 2013.02.12
  • Published : 2013.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The Baegdusan Volcano which erupted violently at 1000 AD is still have possibility of eruption. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor regularly the possibility of eruption. However, it is very difficult to install regular monitoring system or to get regularly monitored data due to geopolitic problems. This is why we have to develop regular monitoring technique using satellite. The geoid in the Baegdusan Volcanic area calculated from gravity data obtained from GRACE satellite, decreased from 2002 to 2005. The period of decreasing is well matched with time when magma activities were recognized in the Baegdusan Volcanic area. The decrease in geoid is interpreted to be caused by the decrease of water storage. Considering that the amount of rainfall from 2002 and 2005 is almost constant, the decrease in geoid may be related to the magma activity under the Baegdusan Volcano. The geomagnetic total force in the Baegdusan Volcanic area measured by CHAMP satellite, decreased from 2000 to 2005 and increased after 2005. The period of decrease is well matched with the time with increased activity of magma chamber under the Baegdusan Volcano indicating that the decrease of geomagnetic total force is caused by demagnetization of surrounding rocks due to the increase of temperature of magma chamber. These data indicate the possbility of using change of geoid and geomagnetic total force observed by GRACE and CHAMP satellites for the monitoring of magma activity under the Baegdusan Volcano.

1000 AD 경에 매우 강력한 화산 폭발을 하였던 백두산은 아직도 폭발 가능성을 가지고 있다. 따라서 백두산의 폭발 가능성을 사전에 확인할 수 있는 정기적인 감시가 필요하다. 하지만 지정학적인 이유로 백두산 지역에 정기적인 감시 시설을 설치하거나, 정기적인 관측 자료를 얻는 것이 매우 힘든 상황이다. 따라서 인공위성을 이용한 백두산 화산 폭발 가능성에 대한 정기적인 감시 기술 개발이 필요한 실정이다. GRACE 인공위성에서 획득한 백두산 지역의 중력 자료로부터 계산된 지오이드 자료의 지난 10년간의 변화를 보면, 백두산 지역에서 지진 발생을 포함한 마그마 활동 가능성이 인지된 2002년부터 2005년 사이에 매우 뚜렷한 지오이드 감소가 확인되었다. 그리고 동일한 시기에 백두산 지역의 강수량이 줄어들지 않음을 고려할 때 이러한 변화는 백두산 하부의 마그마 활동에 연관되어있을 가능성을 지시한다. 백두산 지역에서 CHAMP 인공위성을 이용하여 측정된 지난 2000년도부터 2010년까지의 자력 변화를 살펴보면, 마그마 활동이 활발했던 2000년에서 2005년도 사이에 자력이 감소하고 그 이후 다시 증가하는 현상을 보여준다. 이러한 자력의 감소는 백두산 하부 마그마 온도의 증가에 따른 주변 암석의 비자성화(demagnetization)에 의한 것일 가능성이 있다. 이러한 자료는 인공위성을 이용하여 관측한 지오이드와 자력의 변화가 백두산 하부 마그마 활동을 감시하는데 사용될 수 있는 가능성이 있음을 지시한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Chen, J.C., Hsu, C.N. and Ho, K.S., 2003, Geochemistry of Cenozoic volcanic rocks and related ultramafic xenoliths from the Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces, northeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21, 1069-1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00144-X
  2. Chen, J.L., Wilson, C.R. and Tapley, B.D., 2006, Satellite gravity measurements confirm accelerated melting of Greenland ice sheet. Science, doi:10.1126/science.1129007.
  3. Cui, D.X., Wang, Q.L., Li, Ke, Wang, W.P. and Hu, Y.X., 2007, Analysis of recent Deformation of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 50, 6
  4. Currenti, G., del Negro, C., Lapenna, V. and Telesca, L., 2005, Multifractality in local geomagnetic field at Etna volcano, Sicily(southern Italy). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 5, 555-559. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-5-555-2005
  5. Frappart, F., Ramillien, G., Biancamaria, S., Mognard, N.m. and Cazenave, A., 2006, Evolution of high-latitude snow mass derived from the GRACE gravimetry mission(2002-2004). Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L02501. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024778
  6. Gao, Q.W., 2004, Volcanic hydrothermal activities and gas-releasing characteristics of the Tianchi lake region, Changbai mountain. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 25, 3, 345-350.
  7. Garcia, D., Chao, B.F., Rio, J.D., Vigo, I. and Garcia-Lafuente, J., 2006, On the steric and mass-induced contributions to the annual sea level variations in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, C09030, Doi:10.1029/2005JC002956.
  8. Hetland, E., Wu, F. and Song, J., 2004, Crustal structure in the Changbaishan volcanic area, China, determined by modeling receiver functions. Tectonophysics, 386, 157-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2004.06.001
  9. Horn, S. and Schmincke, H.U., 2000, Volatile emission during the eruption of Baitoushan Volcano(China/North Korea) ca. 960. Bulletin of Volcanology, 61, 537-555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004450050004
  10. Huang, H., 2010, Evaluation of GRACE Satellite gravity field model and detection of Earth's Gravity field variations. Ph. D. dissertation, Sungkyunkwan University, 154p.
  11. Jolivet, L., Tamaki, K. and Fournier, M., 1994, Japan Sea, opening history and mechanism : A synthesis. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, B11, 22237-22259. https://doi.org/10.1029/93JB03463
  12. Jwa, Y.-J., Lee, J.-I. and Zheng, X.S., 2003, A study on the eruption ages of Baekdusan: 1. Radiocarbon (14C) age for charcoal and wood samples. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 39, 347-357.
  13. Kim, J.R., Kang, J.C., Lee, D., Kim, H.S., Kang, S.H., Choi, S.W., Eoh, H.D., Kim, D.S., Lee, M.C., Hong, W.K. and Lee, K.P., 1998, The series of Baegdusan geology. Science and Technology Press, 367p.
  14. KIGAM (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources), 2001, Tectonic map of Korea (1: 1,000,000): Seoul, South Korea, Sungji Atlas Co. Ltd.
  15. Kuritani, T., Kimura, J.-I., Miyamoto, T., Wei, H., Shimano, T., Maeno, F., Jin, X. and Taniguchi, H., 2009, Intraplate magmatism related to deceleration of upwelling asthenospheric mantle: Implications from the Changbaishan shield basalts, northeast China. Lithos, 112, 247-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2009.02.007
  16. Lei, J. and Zhao, D., 2005, P-wave tomography and origin of the Changbai intraplate volcano in Northeast Asia. Tectonophysics, 397, 281-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2004.12.009
  17. Liu, J.Q., 1983, Study on Cenozoic Volcanic Activity in Changbaishan Area. Beijing Science and Technology Press, 343.
  18. Liu, J. and Chu, G., 1996, Volcanic activities and potential dangers in China. Proceeding of the 30th International Geological Congress (IGC), Beijing, China, Abstract with Programs, 18, 5.
  19. Liu, J.Q., 1988, Volcanic episodes of the Cenozoic in northeast China region. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2, 1-9.
  20. Liu, J.Q., Han, J.T. and William, S.F., 2011, Cenozoic episodic volcanism and continental rifting in northeast China and possible link to Japan Sea development as revealed from K-Ar geochronology. Tectonophysics, 339, 385-401.
  21. Liu, R. and Wei, H., 1996, The large eruption of Tianchi Volcano, Changbaishan during 750-960 AD. Proceeding of the 30th International Geological Congress(IGC), Beijing, China, Abstract with Programs, 18, 4.
  22. Liu, R.X., Wei, H.Q. and Lee, J.T., 1998, The Recent Eruptions of the Tianchi Volcano in the Changbaishan. Science Publishers, Beijing, China.
  23. Liu, Y.Z., Liang, H.Q. and Liu, J.Z., 1989, Stress field change in time and space and seismological activity in northeastern China. Northeastern Seismological Research, 5, 17-24.
  24. Ma, L., Qiao, X., Min, L., Fan, B., Ding, X. and Liu, N., 2002, Geological Atlas of China, Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 348p.
  25. Machida, H. and Arai, F., 1983, Extensive ash falls in and around the Sea of Japan from large, late Quaternary eruptions. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 18, 151-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(83)90007-0
  26. Machida, H., Morwaki, H. and Zhao, D.C., 1990, The recent major eruption of Changbai Volcano and its environmental effects. Geographical reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University, 25, 1-20.
  27. Martin, A.K., 2011, Double saloon door tectonics in the Japan Sea, Fossa Magna, and the Japanese Island Arc. Tectonophysics, 498, 45-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2010.11.016
  28. Newhall, C.G., Albano, S.E., Matsumoto, N. and Sandoval, T., 2001, Roles of ground water in volcanic unrest. Journal of Geological Society of Philippines, 56, 69-84.
  29. Ozawa, T. and Taniguchi, H., 2007, Detection of Crustal Deformation Associated with Volcanic Activity of Baitoushan Volcano Using SAR Interferometry. Report NIED, 71, 1-10.
  30. Peter, W.J., Trudy, D., Chen, C.J., Zhao, H.L., Lin, S., Robin T. and Michael D. G., 2010, Moving sources: A preliminary study of volcanic glass artifact distributions in northeast China using PXRF. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37, 1670-1677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2010.01.027
  31. Soh, W.-J. and Yun, S.-H., 1999, A review of the Holocene major eruption of Mt. Paektu volcano. Journal of Korean Earth Science Society, 20, 534-543.
  32. Song, J.L., Hetland, E.A., Wu, F.T., Zhang, X.K., Liu, G.D. and Yang Z.X., 2007, P-wave velocity structure under the Changbaishan volcanic region,NE China, from wide-angle reflection and refraction data. Tectonophysics, 433, 127-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2006.09.012
  33. Stone, R., 2010, Is China's riskiest volcano stirring or merely biding its time?: Science, 329, 498-499.
  34. Swenson, S. and Wahr, J., 2006, Post-processing removal of correlated errors in GRACE data. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L08402, doi:10.1029/2005GL025285
  35. Shibata, T. and Akita, F., 2001, Precursor changes in well-water level prior to the March 2000 eruption of Mount Usu, Japan. Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 1799-1802. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012467
  36. Tapley, B., Bettadpur, S., Ries, J.C., Thompson, P.F. and Watkins, M.M., 2004. Grace measurements of Mass Variability in the Earth System. Science, 35, 503-505.
  37. Wang, Y., Li, C.F., Wei, H.Q. and Shan, X.J., 2003, Late Pliocene-recent tectonic setting for the Tianchi volcanic zone, Changbai Mountains, northeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21, 1159-1170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00019-1
  38. Wei, H., Wang, Y., Jin, J., Gao, L., Yun, S.H. and Jin, B., 2007, Timescale and evolution of the intracontinental Tianchi volcanic shield and ignimbrite-forming eruption, Changbaishan, Northeast China. Lithos, 96, 315-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2006.10.004
  39. Wu, J., Ming, Y. and Zhang, H., 2005, Seismic activity at the Changbaishan Tianchi volcano in the summer of 2002. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 48, 621-628.
  40. Xu, H., Bailey, J.O., Barrett, E.C. and Kelly, R.E.J., 1993, Monitoring snow area and depth with integration of remote sensing and GIS. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 14, 3259-3268. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431169308904440
  41. Xu, J., Liu, G., Wu, J., Ming, Y., Wang, Q., Cui, D., Shangguan, Z., Oan, B., Lin, X. and Liu, J., 2012, Recent unrest of Changbaishan volcano, Northeast China: A precursor of a future eruption. Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L16305, doi:10.1029/2012GL052600.
  42. Yeh, P.J.F., Swenson, S.C., Famiglietti, J.S. and Rodel, M., 2006, Remote sensing of groundwater storage changes in Liiinois using the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE). Water Resources Research, 42, W12203, doi:10.1029/2006WR005374
  43. Yamamoto, T. and Hoang, N., 2009, Synchronous Japan Sea opening Miocene fore-arc volcanism in the Abukuma Mountains, NE Japan: An advancing hot asthenosphere flow versus Pacific slab melting. Lithos, 112, 575-590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2009.03.044
  44. Yamazaki, A., Churei M., Tsunomura, S. and Nakajima, S., 1992, Analysis of the Variation of Geomagnetic Total Force at the Kusatsu-Shirane Volcano. Memoirs of the Kakioka magnetic Observatory, 24, 53-66.
  45. Yin A., 2010, Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Asia : A preliminary synthesis. Tectonophysics, 488, 293-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.06.002
  46. Yun, S.-H., Won, C.-K. and Lee, M.-W., 1993, Cenozoic volcanic activity and petrochemistry of volcanic rocks in the Mt. Paektu area. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 29, 291-307.
  47. Yun, S.-H. and Lee, J.-H., 2012, Analysis of Unrest Signs of Activity at the Baegdusan Volcano. Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea, 21, 1, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.7854/JPSK.2012.21.1.001
  48. Zhang, X.K., Zhang, C.K., Zhao, J.R., Yang, Z.X., LI, S.L., Zhang, J.S., Liu, B.F., Cheng, S.X., Sun, G.W. and Pan, S.Z., 2002, Deep seismic sounding investigation into the deep structure of the magma system in Changbaishan-Tianchi volcanic region. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 15, 143-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-002-0003-4
  49. Zhao, D.P., 2009, Multiscale seismic tomography and mantle dynamics. Gondwana Research, 15, 297-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2008.07.003
  50. Zhao, D.P. and Liu, L.C., 2010, Deep structure and origin of active volcanoes in China. Geoscience Frontiers, 1, 31-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2010.08.002
  51. Zou, H.B., Fan, Q.C. and Zhang, H.F., 2010, Rapid development of the great Millennium eruption of Changbaishan (Tianchi) Volcano, China/North Korea: Evidence from U-Th zircon dating. Lithos, 119, 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2010.07.006

Cited by

  1. Monitoring Techniques for Active Volcanoes vol.23, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7854/JPSK.2014.23.2.119
  2. Geological background and geodynamic mechanism of Mt. Changbai volcanoes on the China–Korea border vol.236-237, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2015.08.011
  3. Surface deformation monitoring of Augustine volcano, Alaska using GPS measurement - A case study of the 2006 eruption - vol.29, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7780/kjrs.2013.29.5.10
  4. A Preliminary Study on the Correlation between GRACE Satellite Geoid Data Variation and Volcanic Magma Activity vol.34, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2013.34.6.550
  5. Analyzing the Disaster Vulnerability of Mt. Baekdusan Area Using Terrain Factors vol.34, pp.7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2013.34.7.605