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Physicochemical Properties of Commercial Fruit Vinegars with Different Fermentation Methods

시판 과일식초의 발효방법에 따른 이화학적 특성 비교

  • Kim, Kyung-Oh (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Seong-Mi (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Su-Mi (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Young (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jo, Deokjo (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Yeo, Soo-Hwan (Fermentation and Food Processing Division, Dept. of Agrofood Resources, NASS, RDA) ;
  • Jeong, Yong-Jin (Dept. Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Kwon, Joong-Ho (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2013.01.25
  • Accepted : 2013.04.05
  • Published : 2013.05.31

Abstract

The physiochemical properties of commercial fruit vinegars were compared according to fermentation methods. Type A vinegars were synthesized through acetic acid fermentation while Type B vinegars were produced using both alcohol and acetic acid fermentation serially. There were differences from using these fermentation methods; Type A vinegars had a lower pH and slightly higher total acidity than Type B vinegars. The content of total sugar and reducing sugar were relatively higher in Type B vinegars, which showed a higher content of the free sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose). The intensity of brown color and Hunter's a and b values were also high in Type B vinegars. In contrast, the content of organic acids was higher in Type A vinegars, which were mainly composed of acetic, tartaric, malic, and succinic acid. We were also able to estimate the fruit juice content of vinegars through its content of organic acids. Type B vinegars contained a higher total phenolics and flavonoids content than Type A vinegars, and showed a higher DPPH radical scavenging activity.

시판 과일식초를 발효 방법에 따라 초산발효만 진행된 A 타입과 알코올 및 초산발효가 진행된 B 타입으로 나누어 이화학적 특성을 비교하였다. A 타입 식초는 B 타입 식초에 비해 pH는 낮게, 총 산도는 다소 높게 확인되어 발효방법에 따른 차이를 보여주었다. 당도 및 환원당 함량은 B 타입 식초에서 비교적 높게 확인되었고, 이는 제품에 첨가된 각 과즙 함량의 차이로 사료되었다. 갈색도 및 색도의 비교에서는 B 타입에서 갈색도, 적색도, 황색도가 더 높게 측정되어 식초의 색이 더 진해지는 현상을 확인할 수 있었다. 시판 과일식초의 유리당은 fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose의 순으로 검출되었고, 총 함량은 B 타입에서 다소 높음을 확인할 수 있었다. 시판 과일식초의 유기산은 acetic acid 외 tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid 등으로 구성되어 있었고 전체 함량은 A 타입 식초에서 다소 높게 확인되었다. 또한 존재하는 유기산의 함량을 통해 원료에 함유된 원료과즙의 함량을 간접적으로 추정할 수 있었다. 총 페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량은 B 타입 식초에서 더 높게 측정되었고, DPPH 라디칼 소거활성을 통한 항산화 활성도 유사한 경향을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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