Journal of the Korean Society of School Health (한국학교보건학회지)

The Korean Society of School Health (한국학교보건학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Parental and Peer Attachment, School Adjustment on Depression among Female Middle School Students

여중생의 부모애착, 또래애착, 학교생활적응이 우울에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2014.05.23
  • Accepted : 2014.12.03
  • Published : 2014.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting on depression among female middle school students. Methods: A survey was conducted on 217 first and second grade female middle school students in C city. Participants' general characteristics, home environment, level of depression, paternal, maternal, peer attachment, school adjustment were measured by self-reporting questionnaire. With SPSS 18.0 program, measured variables were analyzed and compared using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ post hoc test, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: The level of depression among female middle school students were higher among students with lower economic status, second in birth order, and second grade in school. The level of depression was negatively associated with the level of paternal attachment (r=-.522), maternal attachment (r=-.487), peer attachment (r=-.376), relationship with teachers in school adjustment (r=-.274), relationship with friends in school adjustment (r=-.378), classroom behavior (r=-.450), school regulation (r=-.267). About 42% of depression among female middle school students were explained by paternal attachment, relationship with friends in school adjustment, and classroom behavior. Conclusion: Paternal attachment was identified as the most influencing factor on depression among female middle school students. Encouraging paternal involvement in the process of school adjustment might be a useful intervention to decrease depression among middle school girls.

Keywords

References

  1. Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02202939
  2. Armsden, G. C., McCauley, E., Greenberg, M. T., Burke, P. M., & Mitchell, J. R. (1990). Parent and peer attachment in early adolesecnt depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18(6), 686-697.
  3. Bae, J. H. (2014). A study on cognitive distortion, depression, and school function for school-aged children. The Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, 22(2), 65-75. https://doi.org/10.14519/jksot.2014.22.2.05
  4. Chae, Y. Y. (2006). Correlation among middle school students' attachment, self-esteem and school adjustment. Unpublished masters' thesis, Yonsei University, Seoul.
  5. Cho, H. J. (2006). Peer attachment, self-esteem and depression and anxiety in adolescence: Focusing the mediating effect of self-esteem. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
  6. Cho, S. C., & Lee, Y. S. (1990). Development of the Korean form of the Kovacs' children's depression inventory. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 29(4), 943-956.
  7. Costello, D. M., Swendsen, J., Rose, T. S., & Dierker, L. C. M. (2008). Risk and protective factors associated with trajectories of depressed mood from adolescence to early adulthood. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(2), 173-183. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.2.173
  8. Hong, J., & Doh, H. (2002). Parental marital conflict, attachment to parents, and peer relationships among adolescents. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 20(5), 125-136.
  9. Kim, J. Y. (1995). The relationships between attachment and selfesteem in adolescence. Unpublished master's thesis, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul.
  10. Kim, K. S., Jeon, Y. S., & Lee, C. W. (2009). The influence of attachment, differentiation, and self-esteem on adolescent depression. Korean Journal of Family Therapy, 17(1), 209-225.
  11. Koback, R. R., & Screery, A,(1988). Attachment in late adolescence: working Mokel, affect regulation, and representation of self and others. Child Development, 59, 135-146. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130395
  12. Korean Statistical Information Service. (2013). Annual report on the economically active population survey. Seoul: Author.
  13. Kovacs, M., & Beck, A. T. (1977). An empirical-clinical approach toward a definition of childhood depression. New York: Raven Press.
  14. Lee, E., Choi, T., & Seo, M. (2000). Effects of stress related to school, self-esteem, parent-children communication and parents' internal support of adolescent depression. The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 12(2), 69-84
  15. Lee, J. (2007). The influences of ego-identity and school adjustment on adolescents' depression. The Korea Journal of Counseling, 8(4), 1593-1603. https://doi.org/10.15703/kjc.8.4.200712.1593
  16. Lee, J. S. (2006). The influence of mother and peer attachment on adolescent's depression. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
  17. Lee, K. (2003). The effects of attachment and depression on the adolescent delinquency. Korean Journal of Human Ecology, 12(1), 1-13.
  18. Lee, S. H. (2005). The relations between parent attachment, peer attachment and school life adjustment in adolescents. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
  19. Lee, Y., & Min, H. Y. (2004). The effects of parental behavior and school adjustment on the depression of school aged children. Family and Environment Research, 42(4), 1-10.
  20. Messer, S. C., & Gross, A. M. (1995). Childhood depression and family interaction: A naturalistic observation study. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 24(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp2401_10
  21. Moon, K., Oh, K. J., & Moon, H. S. (2002). Validation study of Korean children's automatic thoughts scale. The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21(4), 955-963.
  22. National Evidence-based Collaborating Agency. (2012). National evidence-based collaborating agency(NECA) round-table conference consensus statement: Multidisciplinary responses to suicide, the first ranked cause of death in adolescents. Journal of Korean Medical Association, 56(2), 111-119. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2013.56.2.111
  23. Park, A. G. (2008). A study on the relationship between juveniles' parental attachment and their depression & social anxiety: Testing of the mediating effects of peer attachment and selfrespect. Unpublished master's thesis, Yonsei University, Seoul.
  24. Park, E. (2000). The relation between middle school students' depression and school adaptation. Unpublished master's thesis, Daegu University, Daegu.
  25. Park, E. M. (2010). Effects of adolescent's attachment to teachers . peers . mother, self-esteem, depression on school life adjustment. Korean Journal of Play Therapy, 13(3), 75-88.
  26. Park, H. S., Noh, J. S., Bae, S. Y., Choi, M. S., Ko, D. S., & Park, J. (2010). Factors related to depression in Korean middle school adolescents. Journal of Korean Society of School Health, 23(1), 19-28.
  27. Park, J. S., Lee, M. S., & Moon, J. W. (2011). Effect of functional deficiency in family on self-esteem, depression, and suicidal inclination of adolescents. Journal of Korean Society of School Health, 24(2), 199-209.
  28. Park, W. (2006). Depression and anxiety, and school adaptability of secondary students with and without learning disabilities. Unpublished master's thesis, Pusan National University, Busan.
  29. Shin, H. (2009). The relations between depression and academicsocial-behavioral competence in children: A short-term longitudinal study. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 16(3), 73-98.
  30. Yoo, Y. H. (1994). Relation analysis of school adjustment, anxiety and school achievement: Focused on middle and high school students. Unpublished master's thesis, Korea University, Seoul.
  31. Yoon, M. S., & Lee, J. K. (2010). A longitudinal effects of parent attachment on depression in early adolescence. Social Science Research Review Kyungsung University, 26(2), 69-92.

Cited by

  1. A Meta-Analysis on the Correlation Between Attachment to Parents․Teachers․Peers and School Adjustment vol.16, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.15703/kjc.16.4.201508.339