Journal of fish pathology (한국어병학회지)

The Korean Society of Fish Pathology (한국어병학회)
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Combined effects of copper and temperature on Hematological constituents in the Rock fish, Sebastes schlegeli

조피볼락, Sebastes schlegeli의 혈액학적 성분변화에 미치는 구리 및 온도의 복합적 영향

  • Baeck, SuKyong (Busan Marine Fisheries Resources Research Institute) ;
  • Min, EunYoung (Department of Aquatic life medicine, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kang, Ju-Chan (Department of Aquatic life medicine, Pukyong National University)
  • 백수경 (부산광역시 수산자원연구소) ;
  • 민은영 (부경대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 강주찬 (부경대학교 수산생명의학과)
  • Received : 2014.02.13
  • Accepted : 2014.03.28
  • Published : 2014.04.30
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Abstract

Copper ($CuSO_4$) has been widely used to control algae and pathogens in fish culture ponds. However, its toxic effects on fish depend not only on its concentration in water but also on water quality. The susceptibility of the rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli to copper was evaluated at three water-temperatures (WT; 18, 23 and $28^{\circ}C$) for 4 days. After the exposure of two copper concentrations (100 and $200{\mu}g/L$), a hematological effect was exerted on rockfish, by causing changes in red blood cell count and hematocrit value at $28^{\circ}C$. Total protein levels of the fish showed a tendency of co-increase with glucose depend on the WT, after copper exposure. However, the plasma calcium and magnesium levels were significantly increased at $200{\mu}g/L$ copper, regardless of the WT. Enzymes activities including ALT and LDH in serum were also significantly increased depend upon the copper treatment only. This indicates that inorganic components and enzymes activities were sensitive indexes to stress by toxicant such as copper. The cortisol levels were significantly elevated by both WT rising and copper treatment in serum of rock fish. In conclusion, these changes can be seen as an initial response to temperature stress and as a sustaining response to copper exposure. The present findings suggest that a simultaneous stress by temperature change and copper exposure could accelerate an alteration of hematological and plasma biological parameters in the rockfish.

구리 ($CuSO_4$)는 양식현장에서 부착 및 병원생물 억제 용도로 광범위하게 사용되고 있으나, 구리의 독성은 그 물질의 농도뿐만 아니라 수온에 의해서도 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 조피볼락, Sebastes schlegeli에서 수온변화 (18, 23 및 $28^{\circ}C$)에 따른 구리의 독성을 혈액 및 혈청학적 요소로 평가하였다. 4일 동안 구리 (100 및 $200{\mu}g/L$)에 노출 시킨 후, 조사한 적혈구 수와 hematocrit 수치는 $28^{\circ}C$에서 유의한 상승을 보였고, total protein 농도는 온도가 증가함에 따라 glucose 농도와 함께 증가하는 경향을 보였다 (P<0.05). 그러나, 혈청 Ca와 Mg은 수온변화와 무관하게, $200{\mu}g/L$ 구간에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. ALT와 LDH와 같은 혈청 효소농도도 구리를 처리한 구간에서만 유의한 상승을 보였다. 이 결과는 혈청 무기 성분과 효소활성이 구리 노출에 따른 민감한 지표가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. 구리 (100 및 $200{\mu}g/L$)에 노출된 조피볼락의 혈청 cortisol 수치는 농도 및 수온 증가에 따라 현저한 증가를 보였다. 즉, 이러한 변화는 수온 스트레스에 대한 초기 반응이 구리노출에 따라 지속되었음을 의미한다. 결론적으로, 구리에 단독으로 노출되었을 때보다 수온 상승이 동반되었을 때, 혈액 및 혈청 유기성분 및 cortisol의 변동이 더욱 가속된 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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