The Korean Journal of Malacology (한국패류학회지)

The Malacological Society of Korea (한국패류학회)
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The Environmental Characteristics and Factors on the Cultured manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) at Hwangdo and Jeongsanpo of Taean in the West coast of Korea

서해 연안 황도와 정산포 바지락 양식장의 환경특성

  • 최윤석 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구소) ;
  • 송재희 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구소) ;
  • 윤상필 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구소) ;
  • 정상옥 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구소) ;
  • 안경호 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구소) ;
  • 박광재 (국립수산과학원 갯벌연구소)
  • Received : 2014.06.11
  • Accepted : 2014.06.21
  • Published : 2014.06.30
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Abstract

To assess the effect of environmental factors on the sustainability of cultured production manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum), we investigated the habitat characteristics of tidal flat (Hwangdo and Jeongsanpo in Taean). We measured the physiochemical parameters (temperature, salanity, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrients) and the characteristics (mean size, chemical oxygen demand, ignition loss, C/N ratio and C/S ratio) of surface sediments. The C/N ratio of Hwangdo and Jeongsanpo were 9.0, 5.3 and the C/S ratio was 0.162, 0.159. The concentration of chlorophyll a at Hwangdo was higher than that of Jeongsanpo and species of micro algae were 102 and 100. The enrichment factor (Ef) and index of accumulation rate (Igeo) of the metals showed that those research areas can be classified as heavily polluted, heavily to moderately polluted, or more or less unpolluted, respectively. So two survey area of cultured clams in the tidal flat have been effected by the various environmental conditions, there are needed an improvement methods and continuous research for increasing the production of manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum).

바지락 양식장의 해수 수온은 황도가 정산포에 비하여 높은 것으로 나타났지만 염분은 황도가 낮았으며 용존산소와 pH는 비슷한 값을 나타났다. 그리고 엽록소 a 와 규산염은 황도가 높았으며 무기질소와 무기인은 비슷한 농도로 나타났다. 퇴적물의 입도는 황도가 세립질이고 분급이 양호하며, 정산포는 조립질이고 분급이 불량하였고, 유기물은 황도에서 높게 나타났다. C/N 비는 황도와 정산포에서 10 이하의 값을 나타내어 외부에 의한 오염보다는 해양기원의 유기물에 의한 것으로 조사되었으며 C/S 비는 두 지역에서 2.8 이하로 정상적인 해양환경으로 조사되었다. 중금속에 대한 농축비 (Ef) 는 두 지역에서 1 보다 크게 나타나 중금속이 유입 또는 금속황화물 형성과 관련된 축적현상으로 퇴적물에 농축되어 있음을 의미한다. 또한 농집지수 (Igeo)의 결과는 연구지역이 Igeo class가 1에 집중되어 있어 약간 오염되었거나 오염되지 않은 수준 (practically unpolluted / moderately polluted) 으로 나타났다. 조석에 따른 1차 생산력에서 황도가 정산포에 비하여 높게 나타났으며, 황도에서는 2월과 8월에 높고 5월에 낮은 반면 정산포에서는 8월만 높게 나타났다. 생산성 평가를 위하여 채집한 바지락의 비만도는 황도가 높았지만 크기와 서식밀도는 정산포가 크게 나타났다. 서식밀도의 변화에 대한 조사결과를 보면 7월까지 어획, 8월부터 종패의 가입 그리고 9월에는 폐사 때문인 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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