Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (전자공학회논문지)

The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (대한전자공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Sequential Estimation Algorithm for TDOA/FDOA Extraction for VHF Communication Signals

VHF 대역 통신 신호에서 TDOA/FDOA 정보 추출을 위한 순차 추정 알고리즘

  • Received : 2014.04.03
  • Accepted : 2014.06.30
  • Published : 2014.07.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In modern electronic warfare systems, a demand on the more accurate estimation method based on TDOA and FDOA has been increased. TDOA/FDOA localization consists of two-stage procedures; the extraction of information from signals, and the estimation of emitter location. CAF(complex ambiguity function) is known as a basic method in the extraction stage. However, when we extract TDOA and FDOA information from VHF(very high frequency) communication signals, conventional CAF algorithms may not work within a permitted time because of much computation. Therefore, in this paper, an improved sequential estimation algorithm based on CAF is proposed for effective calculation of extracting TDOA and FDOA estimates in terms of computational complexity. The proposed method is compared with the conventional CAF-based algorithms through simulation. In addition, we derive the optimal performance based on the CRLB(Cramer-Lao lower bound) to check the extraction performance of the proposed method.

최근 전자전 지원 시스템 분야에서는 TDOA(time difference of arrival)와 FDOA(frequency difference of arrival) 정보를 활용한 고 정밀 위치 추정 방법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. TDOA/FDOA 위치 추정 시스템은 TDOA와 FDOA 정보를 추출하는 단계와 추출한 정보로부터 신호원의 위치를 추정하는 두 단계로 나뉘며, 정보 추출 단계에서 보편적으로 사용하는 알고리즘으로 CAF(complex ambiguity function) 기반 방법이 알려져 있다. 하지만 기존의 CAF 기반 알고리즘은 VHF 대역의 통신 신호로부터 TDOA 및 FDOA 정보를 추출하는 경우, 많은 연산량으로 인해 제한된 시간에 처리하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 통신 신호 기반 TDOA/FDOA 정보 추출을 연산량 측면에서 효율적으로 수행하기 위해 개선된 CAF 기반 순차 추정 알고리즘을 제안하고, 기존 CAF기반 알고리즘과 연산량을 비교 분석한다. 또한 제안한 알고리즘의 추출 성능을 검증하기 위해 CRLB(Cramer-Lao lower bound)를 이용해 유도된 이론적 한계 성능과 비교 분석한다.

Keywords

References

  1. M. A. Richards, Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing, McGraw-Hill, 2005.
  2. T. Pattison and S. I. Chou, "Sensitivity analysis of dual-satellite geolocation," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 56-71, Jan. 2008.
  3. Y.-H. Kim, D.-G. Kim, J.-W. Han, K.-H. Song, H.-N. Kim, "Gauss-Newton based emitter location method using successive TDOA and FDOA measurements," J. IEEK, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 76-84, Jul. 2013. https://doi.org/10.5573/ieek.2013.50.7.076
  4. S. Stein, "Algorithm for Ambiguity Function Processing," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process., vol. ASSP-29, no. 3, pp. 588-599, Aug. 1993.
  5. S. Stein, "Differential delay/doppler ML estimation with unknown signals," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 2717-2719, Jun. 1981.
  6. G. D. Hartwell, "Improved geo-spatial resolution using a modified approach to the complex ambiguity function", Master's thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, 2005.
  7. X. Hu "Computing the Cross Ambiguity Function," Master's thesis, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Binghamton Univ., New York, 2005.
  8. D. C. Shin and C. L. Nikias, "Complex ambiguity functions using nonstationary higher order estimates," IEEE Trans. on Signal Process., vol. 43, no. 11, pp. 2649-2664, Nov. 1995. https://doi.org/10.1109/78.482115
  9. R. J. Ulman and E. Geraniotis, "Wideband TDOA/FDOA processing using summation of short-time CAF's," IEEE Trans. on Signal Process., vol. 47, no. 12, pp. 3193-3200, Dec. 1999. https://doi.org/10.1109/78.806065
  10. Y.-C. Li, D. Oh, J.-H. Kim, J.-W. Chong and J.-D. Kim, "A novel subspace-based joint TDOA and FDOA estimation using chirp signals for mobile multipath environment," International Symposium on Telecommunications (BIHTEL), Sarajevo, pp. 1-5, Oct. 2012.
  11. S. Kay, Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing, Volume 1, Estimation Theory, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1993.
  12. P. Panek, "Error analysis and bounds in time delay estimation," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 3547-3549, Jul. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2007.894417
  13. E. Jacobsen and P. Kootsookos, "Fast, accurate frequency estimators," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., Mag., vol. 24, pp. 123-125, May. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2007.361611