Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture (한국국제농업개발학회지)

The Korean Society of International Agriculture (한국국제농업개발학회)
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Optimum Nitrogen Application Amount of Rice Transplanting Cultivation in Newly Reclaimed Land

신간척지에서 벼 기계이앙재배시 적정 질소시비량 구명

  • 최원영 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 정재혁 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 김선 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원)
  • Received : 2013.12.20
  • Accepted : 2014.08.01
  • Published : 2014.09.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the optimal nitrogen amount of rice transplanting cultivation in newly reclaimed land, in light of minimum salt damage and high yield of rice. The nitrogen amount treatments were 11 kg/10 a, 14 kg/10 a, 17 kg/10 a, 20 kg/10 a and diagnostic fertilization. The average of soil salinity fell from 0.06% to 0.03% during 2 years after flooding and rice transplantation. The heading date was August 16 nitrogen at rate of 11 kg/10 a and 14 kg/10 a, August 17 at 17 kg/10 a and 20 kg/10 a. The lodging index tended to rise in proportion to nitrogen application amount; any of rice plants were not lodged at 11 kg/10 a, but the lodging index was 1 and 3 at 14 kg/10 a and 17 kg/10 a respectively. At 20 kg/10 a, however, over half of rice plants were lodged with the lodging index 7. The panicle number per hill was the highest at 17 kg/10 a, followed by the diagnostic fertilization, 20 kg/10 a, 14 kg/10 a and 11 kg/10 a. The percentage of ripened grains was similar to the weight of 1,000 grains of brown rice, and thus the rice yield was the highest at the diagnostic fertilization and at 17 kg/10 a equally, followed by 14 kg/10 a, 20 kg/10 a and 11 kg/10 a. The percentage of perfect kernels was the highest at 14 kg/10 a, followed by the diagnostic fertilization and 11 kg/10 a, 17 kg/10 a, and 20 kg/10 a. The amylose content was not significantly different by nitrogen application amount, but the protein content was closely correlated with it. Altogether, the optimal nitrogen application amount was found to be 16 to 18 kg/10 a on the premise that rice seedlings would be mechanically transplanted in newly reclaimed land.

본 연구는 신간척지에서 벼 기계이앙재배시 염 피해가 적으면서 안정적인 쌀 수량 확보를 위하여 질소시비량을 11, 14, 17, 20 kg/10 a 및 진단시비로 하여 새로 조성된 간척지인 새만금 계화포장에 기계이앙하여 수행한 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 2년 평균 토양염농도는 이앙전 0.06%에서 환수후 이앙직후에는 0.03%로 낮아졌다. 2. 질소시비량별 출수기는 N11 및 14 kg/10 a에서는 8월 16일인데 비해 N17, 20 및 진단시비에서는 1일 늦은 8월 17일 이었다. 3. 도복관련형질에서 질소시비량이 많을수록 도복지수가 높아 포장도복은 N11에서는 도복이 발생되지 않았고, N14에서는 1, N17과 진단시비는 3 정도로 약하게 발생되었으나 N20에서는 7로 반도복 이상 발생되었다. 4. 질소시비량별 수량구성요소를 보면 주당수수는 N17>진단시비 > 20 > 14 > 11 순으로 많았고 등숙비율과 현미천립중은 비슷하여, 쌀수량은 진단시비 = N17 > 14 > 20 > 11 순으로 많았다. 5. 질소시비량별 쌀 품질에서 완전립비율은 N14 >진단시비 = 11 > 17 > 20 순으로 높았고, 아밀로스함량은 질소시비량간에 별 차이가 없었으나 단백질함량은 질소시비량이 많을수록 높아졌다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 새로 조성된 간척지에서 벼를 기계이앙재배 할 경우 안정적인 쌀 수량 확보를 위한 적정 질소시비량은 16 ~ 18 kg/10 a이 적당하다고 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 농촌진흥

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