Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Night Eating and Nutrient Intake Status according to Residence Type in University Students

일부 대학생의 거주형태에 따른 야식 및 영양소 섭취 상태

  • Jun, Ye-Sook (Department of Human Nutrition & Food Science, Chungwoon University) ;
  • Choi, Mi-Kyeong (Division of Food Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Bae, Yun-Jung (Division of Food Science and Culinary Arts, Shinhan University)
  • 전예숙 (청운대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최미경 (공주대학교 식품과학부) ;
  • 배윤정 (신한대학교 식품조리과학부)
  • Received : 2014.10.02
  • Accepted : 2014.12.02
  • Published : 2015.02.28
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate night time eating habits, dietary habits, and nutrient intake in university students according to residence type. A survey was conducted by administering questionnaires to 664 students. Questionnaire interview and 24-h dietary recall were conducted. Subjects were divided into three groups according to residence type: dormitory boarding (DB group, N=313), self-boarding (SB group, N=246), and living with parents (LWP group, N=105). Average ages in the DB, SB, and LWP groups were 21.3, 22.2, and 22.1 years, respectively. There were no significant differences in body mass index between the three groups. In total, 77.3% of students regularly ate night time snacks. The proportion of students who reported night time eating was 84.0% in the DB group, 73.6% in the SB group, and 65.7% in the LWP group (P<0.001). In terms of food types consumed during night time eating, the DB group showed a significantly higher rate of consumption of fried chicken and flour-based foods than the SB and LWP groups, whereas the SB group showed a significantly higher rate of consumption of alcohol beverages than the DB and LWP groups. Energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, and mineral intakes were significantly higher in the DB group than in the SB and LWP groups. In addition, intake of cholesterol per 1,000 kcal was significantly higher in the DB group than in the SB and LWP groups. Thus, SB and DB students seemed to have more night time eating problems than LWP students. Accordingly, nutritional education is needed to support the development of healthier eating habits, in particular, night time eating habits, among students living in dormitories and in self-boarding situations.

본 연구에서는 대학생들의 거주 유형별 야식 섭취 상태를 비교하여 적절한 야식 지도에 활용하고자 자가, 기숙사, 자취 대학생으로 분류하여 이들의 야식 관련 식행동, 야식 메뉴별 섭취 빈도와 기호도, 영양소 섭취 상태를 비교 분석하였다. 전체대상자의 평균 연령은 21.8세, 신장, 체중 및 체질량지수는 각각 167.7 cm, 59.4 kg, $20.9kg/m^2$였으며, 성비는 남학생 43.7%, 여학생 56.3%였고 거주형태별 유의한 차이가 없었다. 야식 비율은 자가군 65.7%, 기숙사군 84.0%, 자취군 73.6%(P<0.001), 일주일에 2~3회 야식하는 비율은 자가군 23.8%, 기숙사군 29.7%, 자취군 32.1%(P<0.05)로 자취군의 야식 비율과 야식 빈도가 높았다. 야식하는 이유는 전체적으로 '배가 고파서'와 '사람들과 어울리기 위해서'라는 비율이 높았다. 야식하는 시각은 자가군의 경우 9~11시가 31.4%로 가장 높았으나 기숙사군은 11시와 새벽 1시 사이가 60.7%로 가장 높았고, 자취군은 9~11시, 11시~새벽 1시가 각각 34.2%를 보여 기숙사생이 가장 늦은 야식을 하는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.001). 야식 비용은 자가군과 자취군의 경우 5,000~10,000원이라는 응답이 각각 21.0%와 35.4%, 기숙사군의 경우 3,000~5,000원이 35.1%로 가장 높았다(P<0.001). 야식 시 영양과 건강을 생각하는지에 대한 질문에 항상 생각한다고 응답한 비율이 자가군 15.2%, 기숙사군 14.1%, 자취군 11.8% 순으로 높았다(P<0.01). 함께 야식하는 사람은 자가군이 친구(38.1%), 가족(27.6%) 순으로 높았으나 기숙사군과 자취군은 친구와 함께 하는 비율이 모두 71.1%로 매우 높았다(P<0.001). 야식 메뉴의 섭취 빈도에서 치킨(P<0.05), 빵(P<0.01), 과일(P<0.001), 분식(P<0.01), 주류(P<0.05)가 거주형태에 따라 유의한 차이를 보여 일주일에 2번 이상 자주 섭취한다는 비율이 자가군은 빵과 과일류, 기숙사군은 치킨과 분식, 자취군은 분식과 주류가 다른 거주형태의 학생들보다 높았다. 야식 메뉴의 기호도 평가에서 보쌈/족발은 자취군(P<0.05), 음료/차류는 자가군(P<0.05)이 가장 좋아하는 것으로 나타났다. 1일 에너지 섭취량은 기숙사군이 1,761.6 kcal로 자가군의 1,527.1 kcal와 자취군의 1,616.4 kcal보다 유의하게 높았으며(P<0.01), 콜레스테롤의 섭취 밀도는 자취군이 세 군중 가장 높게 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합해 볼 때 기숙사생은 자가생이나 자취생보다 야식 비율과 빈도가 높았으며, 가장 늦은 야식, 적은 야식비용, 야식 메뉴로 치킨과 분식의 잦은 섭취를 보임으로써 이들을 대상으로 한 올바른 야식 지도가 더욱 요구됨과 함께 대학생들의 거주형태에 따라 야식 섭취 양상이 다름을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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