Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Safety and Anticancer Effects of Platycodon grandiflorum Extracts

도라지 추출물의 안전성 및 항암 효과

  • 김수현 (구운식품 기업부설연구소) ;
  • 정미자 (광주대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2015.01.27
  • Accepted : 2015.02.25
  • Published : 2015.04.30
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Abstract

This study investigated the antimutagenic and anticancer effects of Platycodon grandiflorum extract (PGE) and its fractions against carcinogenic N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and genotoxicity. The Ames Salmonella mutagenicity test employing histidine mutants of Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 and TA100 was used to examine the mutagenicity of PGE and its fractions. Bacterial reversion assay with S. Typhimurium TA98 and TA100 did not show a significantly increased number of revertant colonies. The same test was used to examine the ability of PGE and its fractions to prevent acquisition of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine- and 4-introquino-line-1-oxide-induced mutations. PGE and its fractions inhibited mutagenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Among the fractions, ethyl acetate fraction from PGE (PGEA) exhibited a higher antimutagenic effect than other fractions. PGE and its fractions suppressed the growth of cancer cell lines, including human cervical adenocarcinoma, human hepatocellular carcinoma, human breast adenocarcinoma, human lung carcinoma, and transformed primary human embryonic kidney cells. In addition, we evaluated the antitumor activity of PGEA and its fractions in sacorma-180 solid tumor-bearing mice. In vivo anticancer activity results showed that PGE and its fractions could more effectively suppress tumor growth than the control. PGEA showed higher in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects than PGE and other fractions, and PGEA inhibited NDMA formation. Thus, we showed that PGEA has antimutagenic and anticancer activities, making it a candidate anticancer material under these experimental conditions.

도라지 추출물과 그것의 분획물들(헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올 및 물)의 발암물질 N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)과 유전독성에 대항하는 안전성, 항돌연변이 및 항암 효과를 연구하였다. 도라지 추출물과 그것의 분획물들의 유전독성학적 안전성 평가를 위한 복귀돌연변이 시험은 S. Typhimurium TA98과 TA100의 복귀변이 집락수를 조사하는 Ames test로 수행하였다. 도라지 추출물과 그것의 분획물들은 복귀변이 집락수를 유의적으로 변화시키지 않았고, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine과 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide에 의해 유발된 돌연변이에 대해 농도 의존적으로 돌연변이 억제 효과가 있었다. 도라지 추출물과 그것의 분획물들 중에 에틸아세테이트 분획물이 가장 높은 항돌연변이 효과를 나타내었다. 도라지 70% 에탄올 추출물 및 분획물들은 인간 자궁경부암세포(HeLa), 인간 간암세포(HepG2), 인간 유방암세포(MCF-7) 및 인간 폐암세포(A549) 성장 억제 효과를 나타내었고, 인간 신장정상세포(293)는 암세포보다 억제 효과가 낮았다. 더하여 in vivo에서 도라지 70% 에탄올 추출물 및 분획물의 항암 효과를 검토하기 위하여 Balb/c 마우스에 sarcoma-180 종양세포로 고형암을 유발시키면서 도라지 추출물과 그것의 분획물들의 고형암 성장 억제 효과를 알아본 결과 농도 의존적으로 고형암 성장 억제 효과를 나타냈고 도라지 에틸아세테이트 분획물이 가장 높은 억제 효과를 보였다. 그리고 도라지 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 NDMA 생성을 억제하였다. 따라서 도라지 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 항돌연변이 및 항암 효과가 있었고 현재 실험 조건에서 안전한 새로운 항암 소재 후보라는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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