Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science (한국약용작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science (한국약용작물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Enhanced Light Transmission Rate During the Early Growth Stage on Plant Growth, Photosynthetic Ability and Disease Incidence of Above Ground in Panax ginseng

생육 초기에 투광량 증가가 인삼생육 및 지상부 병 발생에 미치는 영향

  • Mo, Hwang Sung (Ginseng Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Jang, In Bae (Ginseng Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Yu, Jin (Ginseng Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Park, Hong Woo (Ginseng Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Park, Kee Choon (Ginseng Research Division, Department of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHS, RDA)
  • 모황성 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작원 인삼특작부) ;
  • 장인배 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작원 인삼특작부) ;
  • 유진 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작원 인삼특작부) ;
  • 박홍우 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작원 인삼특작부) ;
  • 박기춘 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작원 인삼특작부)
  • Received : 2015.06.02
  • Accepted : 2015.08.04
  • Published : 2015.08.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the effects of enhanced light transmission on plant growth, photosynthetic ability, and disease tolerance to leaf blight, anthracnose in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Araliacease family) during the early growth stage (April to June). The photosynthetic ratio, stomatal conductance, and stem diameter of plants grown under a shade net with 15% light transmission rate showed an increasing trend compared to the control plants (5% light transmission rate) although the growth of the aerial parts were not influenced significantly. Plant height, stem length, and leaf length of treated plants were not significantly different from those of the control plants. Root parameters, such as root length, diameter, and weight of treated plants increased significantly compared to the control. Yield performance ($187.4kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$) of treated plants was 55.5% higher than that of the control ($150.4kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$). Additionally, disease severity scores of treated plants were lower than those of the control plants, revealing higher survival rates. To retain high yield potential and enhance the level of disease tolerance in ginseng, we suggest the increase of light transmission rate during the early growth stage.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn JS, Cho BG, Park H and Kim WK. (1994). Changes in chloroplast ultrastructure and thylakoid membrane proteins by high light in ginseng leaves. Journal of Plant Biology. 37:285- 292.
  2. Arauz LF and Sutton TB. (1989). Influence of temperature and moisture on germination of ascospores and conidia of Botryoshaeria obtusa. Phytopathology. 79:667-674. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-79-667
  3. Assmann SM and Shimazaki KI. (1999). The multisensory guard cell. Stomatal responses to blue light and abscisic acid. Plant Physiology. 119:809-816. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.119.3.809
  4. Becktell MC, Daughtrey ML and Fry WE. (2005). Temperature and leaf wetness requirements for pathogen establishment, incubation period, and sporulation of Phytophthora infestans on Petunia $\times$ hybrida. Plant Disease. 89:975-979. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-89-0975
  5. Casson S and Gray JE. (2008). Influence of environmental factors on stomatal development. New Phytologist. 178:9-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02351.x
  6. Cheon SK. (1989). Effects of light intensity and quality on the growth and quality of Korean ginseng. Ph. D. Thesis. Kyungbook National Univesity. p.1-41.
  7. Cheon SK, Lee TS, Yoon JH and Lee SS. (2003). Effect of light transmittance control on the growth status of aerial parts during the growing season of Panax ginseng. Journal of Ginseng Research. 27:202-206. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2003.27.4.202
  8. Cheon SK, Mok SK, Lee SS and Shin DY. (1991). Effects of light intensity and quality on the growth and quality of Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). I. Effects of light intensity on the growth and yield of ginseng plants. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 15:21-30.
  9. Cho JW, Park HW, Kim MJ, Kim HH and Choi JE. (2008). Photosynthetic, morphological and growing characteristics by shading materials in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean Journal of Crop Science. 53:256-260.
  10. Choi KJ, Kim WG, Kim HG, Choi HW, Lee YK, Lee BD, Lee SY and Hong SK. (2011). Morphology, molecular phylogeny and pathogenicity of Colletotricum panacicola causing anthracnose of Korean ginseng. Plant Pathology. 27:1-7. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2011.27.1.001
  11. Chung HS and Bae HW. (1979). Ginseng anthracnose in Korea. Factors affecting primary inoculum, growth of the pathogen, disease development and control. Korean Journal of Plant Protect. 18:35-41.
  12. Fitt BDL, McCartney HA and Walklate PJ. (1989). The role of rain in dispersal of pathogen inoculum. Annual Review of Phytopathology. 27:241-270. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.27.090189.001325
  13. Han KD, Alam S, Lee TS and Lee MW. (2004). Ginseng anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum dematium. Plant Pathology. 20:196-199. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2004.20.3.196
  14. Hyun DY, Hwang JK, Choi SY and Jo JS. (1993). Photosynthetic characteristics of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. I. Photosynthetic response to changes of light intensity and leaf temperature. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 17:240-245.
  15. Hwang JK and Hyun DY. (1989). Differences of photosynthetic ability of tobacco and ginseng leaves in accordance with light intensity. Korean Journal of Crop Science. 34:211-219.
  16. Jin HO, Kim UJ and Yang DC. (2009). Effect of nutritional environment in ginseng field. Journal of Ginseng Research. 33:234-239. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2009.33.3.234
  17. Jo JS, Won JY and Mok SK. (1986). Studies on the photosynthesis of Korean ginseng. III. Effects of the light transparent rate of shading on the photosynthesis ability of Korean ginseng plant(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Korean Journal of Crop Science. 31:408-415.
  18. Kang HS, Park DS, Hwang YK and Kim SM. (2007). Survey on pesticide use by ginseng growers at Gangwon farmland in Korea. Korean Journal of Pesticide Science. 11:210-215.
  19. Kim GS, Lee SE, Noh HJ, Kwon H, Lee SW, Kim SY and Kim YB. (2012). Effects of natural bioactive products on the growth and ginsenoside contents of Panax ginseng cultured in an aeroponic system. Journal of Ginseng Research. 36:430-441. https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2012.36.4.430
  20. Kim HJ, Cheong SS, Kim DW, Park JS, Rhy J, Bae YK and Yoo SJ. (2008). Investigation into disease and pest incidence of Panax ginseng in Jeonbuk province. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 16:33-38.
  21. Kim JM. (1991). Effects of leaf water condition on photosynthesis and respiration in ginseng plant. Journal of Basic Science Research Institute, Hyosung Women’s University. 5:95-99.
  22. Kim JM, Lee SS, Cheon SR and Cheon SK. (1982). Relationship between environmental conditions and the growth of ginseng plant in field. I. Productive structures as affected by planting positions and ages. Korean Journal of Crop Science. 27:94-98.
  23. Kim YH, Yu YH, Lee JH, Park CS and Ohh SH. (1990). Effect of shading on the quality of raw, red and white ginseng and the contents of some minerals in ginseng roots. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 14:36-43.
  24. Lee CH, Lee JC, Cheon SK, Kim YT and Ahn SB. (1982). Studies on the optimum light intensity for growth of Panax ginseng. I. Effects of light intensity on growth of shoots and roots of ginseng plants. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 6:38-45.
  25. Lee CY. (2007). Characteristics of photosynthesis with growing stages by different shading materials in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 15:276-284.
  26. Lee JS, Lee KH, Lee SS, Kim ES, Ahn IO and In JG. (2011). Morphological characteristics of ginseng leaves in high temperature injury resistant and susceptible lines of Panax ginseng Meyer. Journal of Ginseng Research. 35:449-456. https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2011.35.4.449
  27. Lee SS. (2012). Characteristics of photosynthesis among new cultivars of ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Journal of Ginseng Research. 26:85-88.
  28. Lee SS, Cheon SR and Lee CH. (1987). Comparison of photosynthetic rates of Panax species and cultivars. Korean Journal of Crop Science 32:157-162.
  29. Lee SS, Proctor JTA and Choi KT. (1999). Influence of monochromatic light on photosynthesis and leaf bleaching in Panax species. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 23:1-7.
  30. Lee SW, Hyun DY, Park CG, Kim TS, Yeon BY, Kim CG and Cha SW. (2007). Effect of soil moisture content on photosynthesis and yield of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer seedling. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 15:367-370.
  31. Nicol RW, Traquair JA and Bernards MA. (2002). Ginsenosides as host resistance factors in American ginseng(Panax quinquefolius). Canadaian Journal of Botany. 80:557-562. https://doi.org/10.1139/b02-034
  32. Oh SH, Yu YH, Kim KH and Lee JH. (1987). Study on control of disease and insect pest on ginseng(Panax ginseng) in Korea. Korea Tobacco and Ginseng Institute. Daejeon, Korea. p.144-294.
  33. Park H. (1980). Physiological response of Panax ginseng to light. Proceeding of the 3rd International Ginseng Symposium. p.151-170.
  34. Proctor JTA, Palmer JW and Follett JM. (2010). Growth, dry matter partitioning and photosynthesis in North American ginseng seedlings. Journal of Ginseng Research. 34:175-182. https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2010.34.3.175
  35. Roelfsema MRG and Hedrich R. (2005). In the light of stomtal opening: New insights into 'the Watergate'. New Phytologist. 167:665-691. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01460.x
  36. Roelfsema MRG, Konrad KR, Marten H, Psaras GK, Hartung W and Hedrich R. (2006). Guard cells in albino leaf patches do not respond to photosynthetically active radiation but are sensitive to blue light, $CO_2$ and abscises acid. Plant Cell and Environment. 29:1595-1605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2006.01536.x
  37. Royer DL. (2001). Stomatal density and stomatal index as indicators of paleoatmospheric $CO_2$ concentration. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 114:1-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(00)00074-9
  38. Rural Development Administration(RDA). (2011). Ginseng cultivation standard farming text book-103. Rural Development Administration. Suwon, Korea. p.108-149.
  39. Samdur MY, Manivel P, Jain VK, Chikani BM, Gor HK, Desai S sand Misra JB. (2003). Genotypic differences and water deficit induced enhancement in epicuticular wax load in peanut. Crop Science. 43:1294-1299. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2003.1294
  40. Xu Z and Zhou G. (2008). Responses of leaf stomatal density to water status and its relationship with photosynthesis in a grass. Journal of Experimental Botany. 15:3317-3325.
  41. Yang DC, Lee SJ, Yun KY and Kang YH. (1991). Activities of anti-oxidative enzymes in photobleaching of leaves from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean Journal of Ginseng Science. 15:139-143.
  42. Zhang AH, Lei FJ, Fang SW, Jia MH and Zhang LX. (2011). Effects of ginsenosides on the growth and activity of antioxidant enzymes in American ginseng seedlings. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 5:3217-3223.

Cited by

  1. Effect of Controlled Light Environment on the Growth and Ginsenoside Content of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer vol.24, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2016.24.4.277
  2. Ginseng (Panax sp.) proteomics: an update vol.60, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13765-017-0283-y