Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy (식물분류학회지)

The Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists (한국식물분류학회)
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Floristic study and conservation management strategies of algific talus slopes on the Korean peninsula

한반도 풍혈지의 관속식물상과 보전관리 방안

  • Kim, Jin-Seok (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Chung, Jae-Min (Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Hyun (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Lee, Woong (Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Byoung-Yoon (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Pak, Jae-Hong (Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김진석 (국립생물자원관 식물자원과) ;
  • 정재민 (국립수목원 산림생물조사과) ;
  • 김중현 (국립생물자원관 식물자원과) ;
  • 이웅 (경북대학교 생물학과) ;
  • 이병윤 (국립생물자원관 식물자원과) ;
  • 박재홍 (경북대학교 생물학과)
  • Received : 2016.03.23
  • Accepted : 2016.06.02
  • Published : 2016.06.30
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Abstract

Algific talus slopes tend to occur on steep north-facing slopes with bedrock that retains ice and emits cold air throughout the growing season. Algific talus slopes provide a suitable microclimate for disjunct or relict populations of northern plant species at low altitude habitats in temperate zones. The purpose of this study is to suggest a strategy for the comprehensive conservation of the vegetation of algific talus slopes through studies of the floristics and plant species compositions and threat factors at present and in the future of 15 major algific talus slopes in Korea. As a result, the vascular plants surveyed on 15 major algific talus slopes were recorded, with a total of 587 taxa, 109 families, 323 genera, 531 species, 7 subspecies, 47 varieties 1 form and 1 hybrid. Of them, endemic plants numbered 26 taxa, and threatened species according to the IUCN valuation basis numbered 8 taxa. Fourth (IV) and fifth (V) degree indicator species as specified by floristic subregions numbered 31 taxa. Peculiarly, several subalpine-native plant species, in this case Cystopteris fragilis, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Huperzia selago, Rosa koreana, Vaccinium vitis-idaea and Woodsia hancockii, were distributed on algific talus slopes at 100-600 m above sea level. Numerous and diverse biological resources native to algific talus slopes in Korea have been consistently disturbed or damaged by human activities without some form of protection. An all-taxa biodiversity inventory should be surveyed to provide more information about all biological species living on algific talus slopes. In addition, conservation strategies to ensure biodiversity and effective management of algific talus slopes are discussed in detail.

풍혈지는 여름철에 너덜지대 사면의 암괴 틈에서 찬 공기가 스며 나오며, 또한 결빙현상을 보이는 국소적 저온환경을 형성하는 지역이다. 풍혈지의 국소적인 저온환경은 빙하기에 남하했던 북방계 식물들의 잔존집단이 온대 지역의 해발고도가 낮은 지대에서도 분포하는 것을 가능하게 한다. 본 연구는 한반도에 분포하는 15개소의 주요 풍혈지에 대한 식물상과 식물 종조성, 위협요인 등의 조사를 통하여 풍혈지 식생에 대한 안정적인 보전 계획 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다. 15개소의 풍혈지에 대한 식물상 조사결과, 풍혈지의 관속식물은 109과 323속 531종 7아종 47변종 1품종 1교잡종, 총 587분류군으로 확인되었다. 이중에서 멸종우려 식물이 8분류군, 한반도 고유종은 26분류군이었고, 식물구계학적 특정식물인 IV-V등급 식물이 31분류군이었다. 기후온난화에 취약한 북방계 식물이 32분류군으로 조사되었고 특히, 한반도내 식물의 수직적 분포 상에서, 주로 아고산대에서 발견되는 애기가물고사리(Woodsia hancockii), 월귤(Vaccinium vitis-idaea), 좀다람쥐꼬리(Huperzia selago), 토끼고사리(Gymnocarpium dryopteris), 한들고사리(Cystopteris fragilis), 흰인가목(Rosa koreana) 등이 해발고도 100-600 m의 풍혈지에서 생육하고 있었다. 풍혈지는 인위적인 교란과 훼손행위에 대해 어떠한 보호조치 없기 때문에 풍혈지의 주요 식물 종들이 지속적으로 소실되어 가고 있다. 풍혈지에 분포하는 생물종 파악을 위해 모든 분류군을 포함한 생물다양성 조사가 실시되어야 한다. 그리고 풍혈지의 안정적인 관리와 생물다양성 보전을 위해 국가차원의 보존계획 수립과 체계적이고 합리적인 관리 방안이 논의되었다.

Keywords

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