Abstract
The purpose of this survey was to collect basic data on breeding systems of animal welfare-approved laying hen farms in Korea. Questionnaires were mailed to 64 animal welfare-approved farms, and 20 questionnaires (31.3%) were returned. The housing systems were fabric coverlet (4 farms, representing 20%), naturally farmed (Yamagisi, 7 farms, 35%), and steel panel-framed housing (9 farms, 45%). The 20 farms had stocking densities of $2{\sim}3birds/m^2$ (2 farms; 10%), $4{\sim}5birds/m^2$ (10 farms; 50%), and $6{\sim}7birds/m^2$ (8 farms; 40%). Breeding methods were floor-housed (14 farms; 70%), free-range (3 farms; 15%), and floor plus free-range (3 farms; 15%). Stocking density was $4{\sim}6birds/m^2$ at most of the farms with fabric coverlet and naturally farmed housing and $6{\sim}7birds/m^2$ at seven farms (of 9 farms) with a steel panel-framed housing. The daily feed intake of 11 farms (55%) was between 120 and 130 g, which included 3 farms (15%) with fabric coverlet, 3 farms (15%) with naturally farmed housing, and 5 farms (25%) with steel panel-framed housing. The age of peak production was 24~28 weeks overall 20 farms. Over 80% of production on fabric coverlet, naturally farmed, and steel panel-framed house farms was on 3, 4 and 6 farms, respectively. Respiratory disease on the 20 farms represented 55% of total disease incidence, and of each housing type represented 75% (fabric coverlet), 70% (naturally farmed) and 33% (steel panel-framed). E. coli disease was only found in the steel panel-framed housing. Most of the animal welfare-approved eggs were sold at large markets or a real sale markets. Egg price was 200~250 won per egg. These results indicate the current situation of animal welfare-approved farms and could be caused that windowless poultry house was applied to animal welfare approved farms.
본 연구는 국내 산란계 동물복지 인증농가의 사육시설 및 사육형태에 따른 기초 사료를 수집하기 위해 수행하였다. 조사를 위하여 동물복지 인증을 받은 64농가에 설문지를 발송하였으며, 이 중 20농가(31.3%)에서 설문지가 회수되었다. 20농가의 사육시설별 현황은 보온덮개계사, 자연농법계사, 판넬철골조계사가 각각 4농가(20%), 7농가(35%), 9농가(45%)였으며, 사육밀도별 현황은 2~3수/$m^2$ 2농가, 4~5수/$m^2$ 10농가, 6~7수/$m^2$ 8농가였다. 사육형태별 현황은 평사 14농가(70%), 방사 3농가(15%), 평사+방사 3농가(15%)였다. 보온덮개계사와 자연농법계사의 사육밀도는 대부분의 농가에서 4~6수/$m^2$ 로 사육하였고, 판넬철골조계사는 9농가 중 7농가에서 6~7수/$m^2$로 사육하였다. 사료섭취량은 20농가 중 11농가(55%)에서 120~130 g을 섭취하였으며, 보온덮개, 자연농법, 판넬철골조계사의 농가 수가 각각 3농가(15%), 3농가(15%), 5농가(25%)이었다. 사육시설별 산란피크는 보통 24~28주령이었고, 산란율 80% 이상의 농가는 보온덮개 75%, 자연농법 56.2%, 판넬철골조계사 67%이었다. 호흡기 질병 발병률이 55%로 가장 높았으며, 보온덮개계사 75%, 자연농법계사 70%, 판넬철골조계사 33%가 발병하였다. 대장균증은 판넬철골조계사에서만 나타났으며, 발병률은 44%였다. 동물복지 인증을 받은 계란(특히 판넬철골조계사) 중 70%가 대형마트나 지역판매장으로 유통되었다. 사육형태에 따른 계란가격은 평사 14농가 중 6농가(42.9%)가 계란 1개당 200~250원으로 계산되었다. 이런 결과들은 현재 동물복지 인증농가의 생산실태를 보여주고 있다.
