Journal of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회지)

Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회)
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A Study on Analysis of Container Liner Service Routes Pattern Using Social Network Analysis : Focused on Busan Port

사회연결망 분석을 이용한 컨테이너 정기선 항로 패턴 분석에 관한 연구 : 부산항을 중심으로

  • Ryu, Ki-Jin (Graduate school of Korea Maritime Ocean University) ;
  • Nam, Hyung-Sik (Shipping Management, Korea Maritime Ocean University) ;
  • Jo, Sang-Ho (Graduate school of Korea Maritime Ocean University) ;
  • Ryoo, Dong-Keun (Division of Shipping Management, Korea Maritime Ocean University)
  • 류기진 (한국해양대학교 대학원 해운경영학과) ;
  • 남형식 (한국해양대학교 해운경영학부) ;
  • 조상호 (한국해양대학교 대학원 해운경영학과) ;
  • 류동근 (한국해양대학교 해운경영학부)
  • Received : 2018.04.23
  • Accepted : 2018.11.22
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The port industry is an important national industry which significantly affects Korea's imports and exports which are centered on economic structure. For instance, the Port of Busan, which handles 75% of domestic container freight volume, is expected to become increasingly critical for container liner routes. For this reason, there have been continued efforts to expand freight service to attract international freight volume. This study analyzes the structural characteristics of the port network connected to the Port of Busan by analyzing the pattern of the container liner route from 2012 to 2016 by using social network analysis. According to the Port of Busan's liner route network, the port with the highest degree of centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality was found to be the Port of Singapore. The comparison of Busan's annual container handling rank by countries and the port center network analysis of Port of Busan rank was found to be different. As a result, it was established that China's East Port, which occupies a high percentage of the volume of cargo handled by Port of Busan, is not a hub port of Busan when viewed on the Busan's container terminal liner network. In addition, even if the number of Port of Busan container liner service increases, it is estimated that the vessels to be added to the fleet will be limited to small to medium sized, or that Busan port has characteristic of a feeder port for the Port of Singapore, according to the network.

항만산업은 수출입 중심인 우리나라의 경제구조에서 중요한 국가기간산업이라 할 수 있다. 특히 국내 컨테이너 물동량의 75%를 처리하는 부산항은 지속적으로 글로벌 선사 물동량 유치를 위해 정기선 항로 서비스를 확대하는 노력 등 컨테이너 정기선 항로에 대한 중요도가 높아질 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 사회연결망 분석을 활용하여 2012년부터 2016년까지 부산항을 기항하는 컨테이너 정기선 항로 패턴 분석을 통해 세계 주요항만과의 중심성을 파악하여 부산항과 연결되어 있는 항만 네트워크의 구조적인 특성을 파악하였다. 부산항 컨테이너 정기선 항로 네트워크상에 연결정도 중심성, 근접중심성, 매개중심성이 높은 항만은 싱가포르항으로 분석되었으며, 실제 연도별 부산항 주요 국가 항만별 처리물동량 순위와 부산항 컨테이너 정기선 항로 네트워크 중심성 분석 결과 간 순위 비교는 서로 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 부산항 처리 물동량의 높은 비율을 차지하고 있는 중국 동부항만이 부산항 컨테이너 정기선 네트워크상에서 보았을 때 부산항의 허브항으로 보기 어렵다는 점을 확인하였다. 또한 부산항 컨테이너 정기선 서비스 항로 수는 증가하더라도 해당 항로에 투입되는 선박이 중소형으로 한정되어 있거나 네트워크상 부산항이 싱가포르항 기항을 위한 피더항(Feeder Port)의 성격을 띄고 있는 것으로 추정된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1 Degree centrality

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Fig. 2 Closeness centrality

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Fig. 3 Betweenness centrality

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Fig. 4 Degree centrality Spring map(2012~2016)

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Fig. 5 Closeness centrality spring map(2012~2016)

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Fig. 6 Betweenness centrality spring map(2012~2016)

Table 1 Busan port container liner route status

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Table 2 Busan port container liner route network

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Table 3 Comparison between networks

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Table 4 Degree centrality analysis result

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Table 5 Closeness centrality analysis result

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Table 6 Betweenness centrality analysis result

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Table 7 Correlation between the analysis value of network centrality and the change of freight volume

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