Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea (한국광물학회지)

The Mineralogical Society of Korea (한국광물학회)
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Occurrence and Mineralogical Properties of Green-Blue Inorganic Pigments in Korea

국내 녹색-청색계열 무기안료의 산출과 광물학적 특성

  • Jeong, Gi Young (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Research Institute of Natural Science, Andong National University) ;
  • Cho, Hyen Goo (Department of Geology and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Do, Jin Young (Department of cultural properties, Gyeongju University)
  • 정기영 (안동대학교 지구환경과학과 및 기초과학연구소) ;
  • 조현구 (경상대학교 지질과학과 및 기초과학연구소) ;
  • 도진영 (경주대학교 문화재학과)
  • Received : 2018.03.06
  • Accepted : 2018.03.28
  • Published : 2018.03.31
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Abstract

Traditional inorganic pigments applied to dancheong, buddhist painting, and wall painting were produced from natural minerals which were later replaced by synthetic pigments, resulting in the loss of the recipe to prepare mineral pigments. This study examined the domestic occurrence and mineralogical characteristics of green and blue mineral pigments required for the conservation of cultural heritage. Cuprous green-blue mineral pigments were found as the weathering products of waste dumps and ores of abandoned Cu-Pb-Zn sulfide mines. Mineralogical analyses using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy identified diverse hydrous copper sulfate pigments of green (brochantite and devilline) and blue color (linarite, bechererite, and schulenbergite) with minor green pigments of antlerite and atacamite commonly associated with cerussite, smithsonite, anglesite, and cuprite. Noerok, a green silicate pigment, replaced the fractured basalt lava. Celadonite was responsible for the green color of Noerok, closely associated with opal in varying ratio. Glauconite, green silicate pigment, was identified in the Yellow Sea sediments. Malachite and azurite, the most important green and blue pigments of Korean cultural heritage, were not identified in this study.

단청, 불화, 벽화 등에 사용된 전통 무기질 안료는 대부분 광물이었으나, 근현대에 저렴한 화학안료로 대체되어 광물안료 제조법의 맥이 끊어졌다. 이 연구에서는 문화재 보존에 필요한 전통 광물안료 중 녹색-청색 계열 안료자원의 국내 산출과 광물학적 특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 구리를 함유한 녹색 - 청색 안료광물들은 구리-납-아연을 채굴하는 금속광산의 폐석장이나 갱내 풍화대에서 이차광물로 산출되었다. X선회절과 주사전자현미경 분석을 이용하여 광물동정을 실시한 결과, 녹색은 brochantite, devilline, 청색은 linarite, bechererite, schulenbergite 등의 함수구리황산염이 대표적인 발색광물이었으며, 그 외 소량의 녹색 antlerite, atacamite가 확인되었다. 이들 녹색-청색 안료광물과 함께 cerussite, smithsonite, anglesite, cuprite 등이 이차광물로 흔히 수반되었다. 녹색 규산염 안료인 뇌록은 현무암 파쇄대의 교대산물로 산출되며, 주발색광물인 celadonite 외에 단백석이 다양한 비율로 혼재되어 있었다. 녹색 규산염 안료인 해록석은 사질 서해 퇴적물 내에서 산출이 확인되었다. 이번 조사에서 대표적인 구리계열 녹색-청색 전통안료로 알려진 공작석과 남동석의 산출을 확인할 수 없었다.

Keywords

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