Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Tree Growth and Fruit Characteristics of 'Nero' Black Chokeberry According to Different Cultivation Regions and Altitudes

재배지역 및 고도에 따른 블랙초크베리 'Nero'의 수체 생육 및 과실 특성

  • Won, Jungyeon (Department of Horticulture, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Shin, Hyunsuk (Department of Horticulture, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Oh, Youngjae (Department of Horticulture, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Han, Hyeondae (Department of Horticulture, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kwon, Yeuseok (Horticultural Research Division, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Daeil (Department of Horticulture, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2017.06.12
  • Accepted : 2018.01.24
  • Published : 2018.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The study was performed to investigate basic tree growth and fruit characteristics of 'Nero' black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) depending on the different cultivation regions and altitudes in 2014, 2015. Tree growth and change of developmental stages of 'Nero' were similar regardless of meteorological environment of the four cultivation regions (Danyang, Okcheon, Yeongdong, and Geumsan) in 2014. Fruit characteristics of 'Nero' were significant differences in berry weight and anthocyanin content among the four orchards due to difference in cultivation techniques and relatively wide daily temperature range just before harvest, respectively. Tree growth and change of developmental stages of 'Nero' grown at the two orchards with different altitudes appeared to be similar during the successive years 2014 and 2015. Soluble solids content of the berries cultivated at low altitude (117 m) was higher than at high altitude (342 m). Acidity showed an inverse pattern with soluble solids content. Anthocyanin content increased progressively until at the middle of August, 2014-15 and then it decreased. Our results showed that black chokeberry is a species adaptive to the domestic environment as there were no differences in tree growth and change of developmental stages of 'Nero'. Considering fruit quality of black chokeberry such as soluble solids content, acidity, and anthocyanin content, our results suggest that optimal harvest period of black chokeberry 'Nero' is August 8 to 19.

재배지와 고도에 따른 블랙초크베리 'Nero'의 생육 시기, 수체 생육 및 과실 특성을 구명하여 육종 및 재배 생리 연구에 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 2014년 재배지별 블랙초크베리 생육 시기 및 수체 생육은 네 재배 지역(단양, 옥천, 영동, 금산)의 기상 환경에 관계없이 유사했다. 재배지별 과실특성은 십립중과 안토시아닌 함량에서 유의적인 차이가 나타났는데 이는 각각 전정방법과 관수 등의 재배 기술과 수확 전 일교차 급증의 영향으로 추측되었다. 2014년과 2015년 고도별 블랙 초크베리 'Nero'의 생육 시기 및 수체 생육은 유사하게 나타났지만, 과실 특성은 기온이 높은 저지대(117 m)에서 생산된 과실의 가용성고형물이 고지대(342 m)보다 높았던 반면, 산도는 고지대가 높았다. 안토시아닌 함량은 2014년과 2015년 8월 중순까지 증가하다가 고도별로 차이는 있으나 이후부터 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 재배지와 고도별 블랙초크베리 'Nero'의 수체 생육 및 생육 시기는 차이가 없어 국내 환경에서 재배가 용이한 것으로 생각되며, 수확 시기별 과실 특성을 고려할 때 단양 지역의 블랙초크베리의 최적 수확 시기는 8월 8-19일로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Atanassova, M. and V. Christova-Bagdassarian. 2009. Determination of tannins content by titrimetric method for comparison of different plant species. J. Univ. Chem. Technol. Metall. 44:413-415.
  2. Blumthaler, M., W. Ambach and W. Rehwald. 1992. Solar UV-A and UV-B radiation fluxes at two alpine stations at different altitudes. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 46:39-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00866446
  3. Bolling, B.W., R. Taheri, R. Pei, S. Kranz, M. Yu, S.N. Durocher and M.H. Brand. 2015. Harvest date affects aronia juice polyphenols, sugars and antioxidant activity, but not anthocyanin stability. Food Chem. 187:189-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.106
  4. Brand, M. 2010. Aronia: Native shrubs with untapped potential. Arnoldia 67:14-25.
  5. Brown, D.S. 1953. The apparent efficiencies of different temperatures for the development of apricot fruit. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Proc. 62:173-183.
  6. Cho, C.H., D.G. Choi and J.H. Song. 2010. Effect on fruit quality and harvest time of 'Hongro' apples in cultivation areas. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 28:92. (Abstr.)
  7. Cho, H.R., Y.S. Zhang, K.H. Han, H.J. Cho, J.H. Ryu, K.Y. Jung, K.R. Cho, A.S. Ro, S.J. Lim, S.C. Choi, J.I. Lee, W.K. Lee, B.K. Ahn, B.H. Kim, C.Y. Kim, J.H. Park and S.H. Hyun. 2012. Soil physical properties of arable land by land use across the country. Kor. J. Soil Sci. Fert. 45:344-352. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2012.45.3.344
  8. Elgar, H.J., C.B. Watkins and N. Lallu. 1999. Harvest date and crop load effects on a carbon dioxide-related storage injury of ‘Braeburn’ apple. HortScience 34:305-309.
  9. Erf, J.A. and J.T.A. Proctor. 1987. Changes in apple leaf water status and vegetative growth as influenced by crop load. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 112:617-620.
  10. Forshey, C.G. 1982. Effects of fruiting, pruning, and nitrogen fertilization on shoot growth of 'Empire' apple trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 107:1092-1097.
  11. Giusti, M.M. and R.E. Wrolstad. 2001. Characterization and measurement of anthocyanins by UV-visible spectroscopy: In Wrolstad, R.E. and S.J. Schwartz (eds.), Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry. Wiley, New York, NY (USA) pp. 19-31.
  12. Hardin, J.W. 1973. The enigmatic chokeberries (Aronia, Rosaceae). Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 100:178-184. https://doi.org/10.2307/2484630
  13. Hulme, M., Z.C. Zhao and T. Jiang. 1994. Recent and future climate change in East Asia. Intl. J. Climatol. 14:637-658. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370140604
  14. Jackson, J.E. 1984. Effects of cropping on tree vigour. Acta Hort. 146:83-87.
  15. Jeppsson, N. 2000. The effects of fertilizer rate on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality, with special respect to pigments, in black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) cv. 'Viking'. Sci. Hort. 83:127-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(99)00070-9
  16. Jeppsson, N. and R. Johansson. 2000. Changes in fruit quality in black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) during maturation. J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol. 75:340-345. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2000.11511247
  17. Kask, K. 1987. Large-fruited black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa). Fruit Var. J. 41:47.
  18. Kawecki, Z. and Z. Tomaszewska. 2006. The effect of various soil management techniques on growth and yield in the black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa Elliot). J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 14:67-73.
  19. Kim, J.H. 1990. Principles in pomology. 3rd ed., Hyangmunsa, Seoul, Korea.
  20. Kim, J.H., J.C. Kim, K.C. Ko, K.R. Kim and J.C. Lee. 2006. Fruit Science General. 4th ed., Hyangmunsa, Seoul, Korea.
  21. Kim, J.K. and H.H. Seo. 2007. Causes of tree vigor weakening and occurrence of deformed fruit in 'Hongro' apple tree. Kor. J. Sci. Technol. 25:408-412.
  22. Kim, S.O., U. Chung, S.H. Kim, I.M. Choi and J.I. Yun. 2009. The suitable region and site for 'Fuji' apple under the projected climate in South Korea. Kor. J. Agr. Forest Meteorol. 11:162-173. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2009.11.4.162
  23. Kulling, S.E. and H.M. Rawel. 2008. Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) - A review on the characteristic components and potential health effects. Planta Med. 74:1625-1634. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1088306
  24. Lee, H.C. 1999. Physiological and ecological factor affecting fruit coloration and color enhancement in Malus domestica Borkh. cv. 'Fuji'. Department of Horticulture, Ph.D. Thesis, Seoul Natl. Univ., Korea.
  25. Lee, S.H., Y.S. Kwon, I.J. Kim T.J. Kim, H.H. Kim and D.I. Kim. 2012. Correlation analysis between meterological condition and 'Fuji' apple fruit characteristics in Chungbuk, Korea. J. Kor. Soc. Intl. Agr. 24:51-59.
  26. Lindsey, A.A. and J.E. Netman. 1956. Use of official weather date in spring time temperature analysis of an Indiana phenological record. Ecology 37:812-823. https://doi.org/10.2307/1933072
  27. Marguery, P. and B.S. Sangwan. 1993. Sources of variation between apple fruits within a season and between seasons. J. Hort. Sci. 68:309-315.
  28. McKay, S.A. 2001. Demand increasing for aronia and elderberry in North America. New York Fruit Quarterly 9:2-3.
  29. Mladin, P., G. Mladin, E. Oprea, M. Rădulescu and C. Nicola. 2011. Variability of the anthocyanins and tannins in berries of some Lonicera caerulea var. kamchatica, Aronia melanocarpa and Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea genotypes. Scientific Papers R.I.F.G. Pitesti. 27:38-42.
  30. Mowat, A.D. and A.P. George. 1994. Persimmon. Handbook of environmental physiology of fruit crops. Volume I: Temperate crops. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (USA) pp. 209-232.
  31. Mowat, A.D., A.P. George and R.J. Collins. 1997. Macro-climatic effects on fruit development and maturity of non-astringent persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. cv. Fuyu). Acta Hort. 436:195-202.
  32. Nakano, R., K. Yonemori, A. Sugiura and I. Kataoka. 1997. Effect of gibberellic acid and abscisic acid on fruit respiration in relation to final swell and maturation in persimmon. Acta Hort. 436:203-214.
  33. Park, Y.M. and T.M. Yoon. 2005. Storage potential of early- season cultivar 'Tsugaru' apples based on consumer acceptance after marketing simulation. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 46:176-182.
  34. Park, Y.M., T.M. Yoon and M.G. Hwang. 2005. Analysis of storage method and marketing temperature effects on the storage potential of mid-season apple cultivar 'Hongwol'. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 23:49-55.
  35. Ryugo, K. 1969. Seasonal trends of titratable acids, tannins and poly phenolic compounds and cell wall constituents in oriental pear fruit (Pyrus serotina Rehd.). J. Agric. Food Chem. 17:43-47. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60161a001
  36. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 2012. Agricultural Science and Technology - Standards of Research, Investigation, and Analysis. RDA, Jeonju, Korea.
  37. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 2015. Aronia. RDA, Jeonju, Korea.
  38. Shü, Z.H., C.C. Chu, L.J. Hwang and C.S. Shieh. 2001. Light, temperature, and sucrose affect color, diameter, and soluble solids of disks of wax apple fruit skin. HortScience 36:279-281.
  39. Strik, B., C. Finn and R. Wrolstad. 2003. Performance of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) in Oregon, USA. Acta Hort. 626:439-443.
  40. Taira, S., M. Ono and N. Matsumoto. 1997. Reduction of persimmon astringency by complex formation between pectin and tannins. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 12:265-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(97)00064-1
  41. Tomana, T. 1983. The effect of environmental temperatures on fruit maturing. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 24:276-288.
  42. Ubi, B.E., C. Honda, H. Bessho, S. Kondo, M. Wada, S. Kobayashi and T. Moriguchi. 2006. Expression analysis of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in apple skin: Effect of UV-B and temperature. Plant Sci. 170:571-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.10.009
  43. Won, J., H. Shin, Y. Oh, H. Han, K. Kim, S. Oh and D. Kim. 2017. Comparison of quality and cell enlargement of 'Nero' black chokeberry fruits according to different soil water conditions. Korean J. Plant Res. 30:88-95. https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2016.30.1.088
  44. Wu, X., L. Gu, R.L. Prior and S. McKay. 2004. Characterization of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in some varieties of ribes, aronia and sumbucus and their antioxidant capacity. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52:7846-7856. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0486850
  45. Xie, R., L. Zheng, S. He, Y. Zheng, S. Yi and L. Deng. 2011. Anthocyanin biosynthesis in fruit tree crops: Genes and their regulation. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10:19890-19897.
  46. Yun, S.H. and J.T. Lee. 2001. Climate change impacts on optimum periods of rice plant and its countermeasure in rice cultivation. Kor. J. Agric. For. Meteorol. 3:55-70.

Cited by

  1. 지황의 플러그 육묘재배 적정성 평가 vol.33, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2020.33.2.073