Journal of the Korean Society for Environmental Technology (한국환경기술학회지)

Korean Society for Environmental Technology (한국환경기술학회)
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Reduction and Retardation of Non-Point Pollution Sources in Permeable

저영향 개발(LID) 시설 중 투수블록의 빗물 저류 효과와 비점 오염 물질 저감 효과 분석

  • Received : 2018.02.13
  • Accepted : 2018.06.22
  • Published : 2018.06.30
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Abstract

This study tests four different permeable pavings during six events of rainfall to evaluate their non-point source reduction and runoff retardation as a low impact development (LID) facility. Monitoring results show that first-flushing phenomenon of pollutants occurs with high flow rate at the beginning of the rainfall. Analysis of Pearson correlation coefficient demonstrates that the effluent flow rate was closely related with effluent concentrations changes of BOD, TN, and TP for each test-bed, but no correlation was found with total organic carbon (TOC) due to dust scattering from the roadside location of the test-bed. To analyze removal and retardation efficiency of permeable pavings, artificial precipitation tests were conducted at the rainfall intensity of 40 mm/hr. The runoff was detected after 0.5 to 5 hours and the runoff reduction efficiency was ranged from 70 % to 86 % according to the types of pavings. Pore clogging was observed in the collecting type paving but the negative correlation between the pollutants removal and the flow rate was clearly observed. The results of this study evidence how permeable pavings can contribute to reducing non-point sources and retarding runoff effectively for LID depending on permeable paving types, runoff tendency, and rainfall events, and also suggest the interpretation basis to apply permeable pavings.

본 연구는 저영향 개발 시설 중 침투형 장치인 투수블록에 대해 총 6회에 걸쳐 대조군과 3개 시설의 성능을 평가하였다. 실제 강우 결과로부터 투수블록은 초기에 빠른 유속의 유출이 일어나고, 오염물질이 쓸려 나와 높은 농도로 유출되는 First-flushing 현상이 관찰되었다. 강우 유출수의 유량과 오염물질농도와의 상관관계를 파악하기 위해 Pearson 상관계수 분석을 수행한 결과, 유출량은 생화학적산소요구량, 총질소, 총인과 밀접한 관련이 있음이 도출되었으나 총유기탄소의 경우 뚜렸한 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 도로변, 중심지에서 유입된 다양한 형태의 오염물질 때문으로 사료된다. 투수블록 시설의 유출, 오염물질 저감 효과를 분석하기 위해 약 40 mm/hr 수준의 인공강우 모사실험을 수행하였다. 시설의 유출이 발생하기 까지 약 0.5~5시간 정도의 시간이 걸렸으며, 유출 저감율은 투수블록 종류에 따라 70~86 %로 나타났다. 집수형 투수블록의 경우 40 mm/hr 강우에서 일부 공극 막힘 현상이 관찰되었으나 모든 투수블록에서 유량이 크면 오염물질 감소량이 낮아지는 음의 상관관계가 뚜렷하였다. 본 연구결과는 투수블록이 어떻게 유출을 지연하고 오염물질을 감소시키는가를 제시하며, 이는 향후 LID 투수블록 시설의 적용에 있어 해석에 기초자료가 되는 결과들로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국환경공단

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