Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy (식물분류학회지)

The Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists (한국식물분류학회)
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A checklist of vascular plants in limestone areas on the Korean Peninsula

한반도 석회암지대의 관속식물 목록

  • KIM, Jung-Hyun (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • NAM, Gi-Heum (Strategic Planning Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • LEE, Seung-bae (Geological Museum, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • SHIN, Sookyung (Exhibition and Education Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • KIM, Jin-Seok (Geumsugangsan)
  • Received : 2021.08.06
  • Accepted : 2021.09.09
  • Published : 2021.09.30
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Abstract

Limestone areas are sedimentary rock outcrops consisting of calcium carbonate created several hundreds of millions of years ago by calcium-secreting marine organisms and subsequently lifted above sea level by tectonic movement. Limestone areas support very high levels of endemic species of plants and are recognized as biodiversity areas with much biological information. The purpose of this study is to devise a strategy for the comprehensive conservation of the vegetation of limestone areas through analyses of the floristics and plant species compositions in ten limestone areas on the Korean Peninsula. The results of 153 field surveys from April of 2010 to October of 2016 identified 1,202 taxa in total, representing 1,096 species, 18 subspecies, 84 varieties, 2 forms, and 2 hybrids in 530 genera and 133 families. Among them, 55 taxa were endemic plants to Korea, and 38 taxa were red data plants. The floristic target plants amounted to 102 taxa, specifically 27 taxa of grade V and 75 taxa of grade IV. In all, 121 alien plants were recorded in the investigated area. Calciphilous plants amounted to 102 taxa, specifically 14 taxa of calciphilous indicator plants, 30 taxa of superlative most calciphilous plants, and 58 taxa of comparative more calciphilous plants. A cluster analysis showed a high degree of similarity between sites that are geographically adjacent with similar habitat environments. Limestone areas also supported groups distinct from those in non-limestone areas, demonstrating the specificity of limestone flora. Plant geography approaches therefore appear to be crucial to gain a better understanding of the level of biodiversity in limestone areas, not only at the interspecific but also at the intraspecific level. These results highlight the importance of protecting limestone habitats to preserve not only their interspecific but also the intraspecific diversity, which is highly threatened.

석회암지대는 수억만년 전 칼슘 분비 해양 생물에 의해 생성되고 탄산칼슘으로 구성된 퇴적암 노두이며, 지각 운동에 의해 해수면 위로 상승하였다. 석회암지대는 고유식물의 비율이 매우 높고 생물학적 정보가 많은 생물다양성 지역으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 10개 지역의 석회암지대에 대한 식물상과 식물 종조성의 조사를 통하여 석회암 식생에 안정적인 보전계획 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다. 2010년 4월부터 2016년 10월까지 153회에 걸쳐 조사한 결과, 관속식물은 133과 530속 1,096종 18아종 84변종 2품종 2교잡종으로 총 1,202분류군이 확인되었다. 이 가운데 한반도 고유식물은 55분류군, 적색목록식물은 38분류군이었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 총 102분류군으로 V등급에 27분류군, IV등급에 75분류군이 포함되었다. 외래식물은 121분류군이었다. 호석회성 식물은 총 102분류군으로 지표종에 14분류군, 극선호종에 30분류군, 그리고 선호종에 58분류군이 포함되었다. 군집분석은 석회암지대 내에서 지리적으로 인접하고, 자생지 환경(하천지역)이 유사한 지역 간에 높은 유사도를 보여주었다. 또한 석회암지대는 인근지역의 비석회암지대와 구별되는 종조성을 갖는 것으로 나타나 석회암지대 식물상의 고유성과 특이성을 보여주었다. 식물지리학적 접근은 석회암지대 생물다양성의 수준을 잘 이해하기 위해 매우 중요하다. 이러한 결과는 석회암 생육지를 보호하고 그 상호 특이적 생물다양성뿐만 아니라 고도로 위협받는 종내 생물다양성 보존의 중요성을 강조한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201701109, NIBR202102103) and also supported by a basic research project of the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (GP2020-008).

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