Food Science and Biotechnology

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지

Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death by Red Pericarp Rice (Jakwangchalbyeo) Extracts

  • Chi, Hee-Youn (Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environment Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Ho (Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Ho (Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environment Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Lim (National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Chung, Ill-Min (Department of Applied Life Science, College of Life and Environment Science, Konkuk University)
  • Published : 2006.08.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The effects of ethanol fractions of three different rice grain extracts, Jakwangchalbyeo, Hwasunchalbyeo, and Ilpumbyeo, on apoptotic cell death in the rat hepatoma H4IIE cell line were investigated using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] cell viability assay. One hundred mg/mL Jakwangchalbyeo extract significantly reduced cell viability to 69.5, 57.2, and 46.1% within 24, 48, and 72 hr, respectively. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analyses were also performed to characterize the cell death pattern caused by treatment with the rice grain extracts. Apoptotic cell death was clearly observed with time after treatment with the Jakwangchalbyeo extract. In Western blotting analysis, degradation of the 116 kDa poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) molecule was observed with concomitant formation of an 89 kDa product 24, 48, and 72 hr after treating cells with the Jakwangchalbyeo extract. This indicates that an apoptotic process caused cell death in these cells. In conclusion, red-pericarp Jakwangchalbyeo extract induced apoptotic cell death in H4IIE cells to a larger extent than the other rice extracts.

Keywords

References

  1. Oh SH, Oh CH. Brown rice extracts with enhanced level of GABA stimulate immune cells. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 12: 248-252 (2003)
  2. Chung IM, Kim KH, Ahn JK, Lee JO. Comparison of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in rice varieties. Korean J. Crop. Sci. 45: 277-281 (2000)
  3. Chung IM, Kim KH, Ahn JK, Lee SK, Lee JO. Antioxidative activity of rice grain using FI-CL and ESR methods. Korean J. Crop. Sci. 46: 411-415 (2001)
  4. Kwak TS, Park HJ, Jung WT, Choi JW. Antixoidative and hepatoprotective activity of coloured-, scented, and Korean native rice varieties based on different layers. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 28: 191-198 (1999)
  5. Nam SH, Chang SM, Kang MY. Varietal ditference in antioxidative activity of ethanolic extracts from colored rice bran. Agric. Chem. Biotechnol. 46: 16-22 (2003)
  6. Kane DJ, Sarafian TA, Anton R, Hahn H, Gralla EB, Valentine JS, Ord T, Bredesen DE. Bcl-2 inhibition of neural death: decreased generation of reactive oxygen species. Science 262: 1274-1277 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8235659
  7. Alnemri ES. Mammalian cell death proteases: a family of highly conserved aspartate specific cysteine proteases. J. Cell Biochem. 64: 33-42 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(199701)64:1<33::AID-JCB6>3.0.CO;2-0
  8. Boldin MP, Goncharov TM, Goltsev YV, Wallach D. Involvement of MACH, a novel MORT1/FADD-interacting protease. in Fas/APO-1-and TNF receptor-induced cell death. Cell 85: 803-815 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81265-9
  9. Lim ML, Lum MG, Hansen TM, Roucou X, Nagley P. On the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during cell death signaling. J. Biomed. Sci. 9: 488-506 (2002)
  10. Shin JI, Lee MS, Park OJ. Effects of soy-isoflavonoid on molecular markers related to apoptosis in mature and ovariectomized female rats, and mammalian tumor cell lines. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 14: 709-714 (2005)
  11. Li P, Nijhawan D, Budihardjo I, Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Alnemri ES, Wang X. Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade. Cell 91: 479-489 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80434-1
  12. Soldani C, Scovassi AI. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 cleavage during apoptosis: an update. Apoptosis 7: 321-328 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016119328968
  13. Kang KW, Novak RF, Lee CH, Kim SG. Induction of microsomal epoxide hydrolase by sulfur amino acid deprivation via the pathway of C-Jun N-terminal kinase and its extracellular exposure during cell death. Free Radical. Bio. Med. 32: 1017-1032 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00788-8
  14. Denizot F, Lang R. Rapid colorimetric assay for cell growth and survival: modifications to the tetrazolium dye procedure giving improved sensitivity and reliability. J. Immunol. Methods 89: 271-277 (1986) https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(86)90368-6
  15. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J. Immunol. Methods 65: 55-63 (1983) https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
  16. Casciola-Rosen L, Rosen A, Petri M, Schlissel M. Surface blebs on apoptotic cells are sites of enhanced procoagulant activity: implications for coagulation events and antigenic spread in systemic lupus erythematosus. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 1624-1629 (1996)
  17. O'Brien MC, Bolton WE. Comparison of cell viability probes compatible with fixation and permeabilization for combined surface and intracellular staining in flow cytometry. Cytometry 19: 243-255 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.990190308
  18. Van Engeland M, Ramaekers FCS, Schutte B, Reutelingsperger CPM. A novel assay to measure loss of plasma membrane asymmetry during apoptosis of adherent cell in culture. Cytometry 24: 131-139 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19960601)24:2<131::AID-CYTO5>3.0.CO;2-M
  19. Vemles I, Haanen C, Steffens-Nakken H, Reutelingsperger C. A novel assay for apoptosis. Flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on early apoptotic cells using fluorescein labelled Annexin V. J. Immunol. Methods 184: 39-51 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(95)00072-I
  20. Yoo KM, Hwang IK. In vitro effect of yuza (Citrus junos SIEB ex TANAKA) extracts on proliferation of human prostate cancer cells and antioxidant activity. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 36: 339-344 (2004)
  21. Liu J, Yoshikawa H, Nakajima Y, Tasaka K. Involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition and caspase-9 activation in dimethyl sulfoxide-induced apoptosis of EL-4 lymphoma cells. Int. Immunopharmacol. 1: 63-74 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5769(00)00016-3
  22. Sung MK, Park MY. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of soybean and brown rice grain extracts on hormone dependent/independent breast cancer cell lines. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 31: 521-526 (2002)
  23. Gerritsen ME, Carley WW, Ranges GE, Shen CP, Phan SA, Ligon GF, Perry CA. Flavonoids inhibit cytokine-induced endothelial cell adhesion protein gene expression. Am. J. Pathol. 147: 278-292 (1995)
  24. Kim HJ, Woo HJ. In vitro anticancer activity of flavonoids as the functional foods materials. Korean Lab. Anim. Res. 14: 87-91 (1998)
  25. Kim JS, Choi YH, Seo JH, Lee JW, Kim SK, Choi SU, Kang JS, Kim YK, Kim SH, Kim YS, Ryu SY. Anti-proliferative activity of naturally occurring flavonoids on cultured human tumor cell lines. Korean J. Pharmacogn. 35: 164-170 (2004)
  26. Wei YQ, Zhao X, Kariya Y, Fukata H, Teshigawara K, Uchida A. Induction of apoptosis by quercetin: involvement of heat shock protein. Cancer Res. 54: 4952-4957 (1994)
  27. Wyllie AH, Kerr JF, Currie AR. Cell death: the significance of apoptosis. Int. Rev. Cytol. 68: 251-306 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62312-8
  28. Koopman G, Reutelingsperger CP, Kuijten GA, Keehnen RM, Pals ST, van Oers MH. Annexin V for flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on B cells undergoing apoptosis. Blood 84: 1415-1420 (1994)
  29. Martin SJ, Reutelingsperger CP, McGahon AJ, Rader JA, van Schie RC, LaFace DM, Green DR. Early redistribution of plasma membrane phosphatidylserine is a general feature of apoptosis regardless of the initiating stimulus: inhibition by overexpression of Bcl-2 and Ab1. J. Exp. Med. 182: 1545-1556 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.182.5.1545
  30. Majno G, Joris I. Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis. An overview of cell death. Am. J. Pathol. 146: 3-15 (1995)
  31. Schwartz LM, Smith SW, Jones MEE, Osborne BA. Do all programmed cell deaths occur via apoptosis? P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 980-984 (1993)
  32. Kraus WL, Lis JT. PARP goes transcription. Cell 113: 677-683 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00433-1
  33. Nishida E, Gotoh Y. The MAP kinase cascade is essential for diverse signal transduction pathways. Trends Biochem. Sci. 18: 128-131 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(93)90019-J
  34. Ip YT, Davis RJ. Signal transduction by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)- from inflammation to development. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 10: 205-219 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-0674(98)80143-9
  35. Shin JI, Lee MS, Park OJ. Effects of soy-isoflavonoid on molecular markers related to apoptosis in mature and ovariectomized female rats, and mammalian tumor cell lines. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 14: 709-714 (2005)
  36. Lee HS, Sur EY, Kim WK. Resveratrol induces apoptosis in SW-480 Human colon cancer cell lines. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 13: 80-84 (2004)
  37. Bang MH, Jung YJ, Kim WK. Effects of several flavonoids on cancer cell motility in human fibrosarcoma HT 1080 cells. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 13: 739-743 (2004)