Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

The Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine (대한직업환경의학회)
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Musculo-skeletal Symptoms of Municipal Sanitation Workers and Ergonomic Evaluation on Upperlimb

환경미화원의 작업별 근골격계질환 자각증상 특성과 상지의 인간공학적 평가

Myong, Jun-Pyo;Lee, Hyang-Ki;Kim, Hyoung-Ryoul;Jung, Hye-Sun;Jeong, Eun-Hee;Nam, Woong;Koo, Jung-Wan
명준표;이향기;김형렬;정혜선;정은희;남웅;구정완

  • Published : 20080300
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Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate musculo-skeletal symtoms of municipal sanitation workers and to evaluate working conditions of municipal sanitation workers to search for the factors related to musculo-skeletal symptoms. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey. The study subjects were comprised of 543 municipal sanitation workers in some divisions of Seoul and the Gyeonggi province. Musculo-skeletal analysis was done by using the modified criteria of NIOSH musuclo-skeletal symptoms, RULA and, REBA. Statistical analysis was done by using the chi-square test, multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: 72.2% of the subjects complained musculo-skeletal symptoms (39.6% on the upperlimbs, 30.0% on the lumbar region, 27.4% on the legs). For the musculo-skeletal symptoms criteria (1~3), street cleaners complained of more musculo-skeletal symptoms than the solid waste collectors, after classifying the jobs of sanitation workers. On logistic regression analysis of the musculo-skeletal “symptoms criteria 1” positive groups, age was related to the criteria positive (prevalence odds ratio=1.018, 95% CI: 0.993-1.046). The worktime was significantly related to ‘criteria positive 1 and, 2’ (prevalence odds ratio=2.165 (95% CI: 1.156-4.131), 2.187 times (95% CI: 1.071-4.651)). The RULA score, the subtotal A score of RULA, the REBA score and , the total A REBA score of the upperlimbs of solid waste collectors were higher than those of the street cleaners. Conclusions: In spite of the lower ergonomic evaluation score of the street cleaner, the street cleaners complained of more musculo-skeletal symptoms than did the solid waste collectors due to more frequent repetitive motions, a longer work time (over 10 hours) etc. It is suggested that the sanitation workers need to use the proper methods to avoid musculo-skeletal disease.

목적: 본 연구는 서울 및 경기 일부 지역의 환경미화원을 대상으로 신체부위별 근골격계 질환의 증상 호소율을 파악한 후 작업의 차이에 따른 증상호소의 차이를 확인하고, 원인 작업을 평가하여 근골격계질환의 관련요인을 찾고자 한다. 방법: 서울 및 경기 일부 지역에 소재하는 환경미화업체 근로자 중 대상자 543명을 대상으로 분석을 시행하였다. 근골격계 질환의 증상호소율은 NIOSH의 근골격계질환의 자각증상에 대한 기준을 사용하였다. 환경미화원의 작업에 대한 인간공학적인 평가는 RULA, REBA를 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 환경미화원의 72.2%가 근골격계질환의 자각증상 및 통증이 있다고 답하였다. 전체 대상자 중에서 상지의 경우 39.6%, 허리는 30.0%, 다리는 27.4%가 경도 이상의 통증을 호소하였다. 거리환경미화원의 자각증상 기준별 양성자 비율이 지역환경미화원보다 허리의‘증상기준 3’를 제외한 모든 영역에서 높게 나타났다. 그리고 거리환경미화원이 상지의‘증상기준 1’, 하지의‘증상기준 2~3’의 영역에서 지역환경미화원보다 통계적으로 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 비율을 나타냈다. NIOSH 기준 1~3에 양성자로 해당하는 군을 종속변수로 작업 이외에 근골격계 질환에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되는 인자의 영향을 확인하고자 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 연령이 증가할수록‘증상기준 1’에 대하여 1.018배(95% CI: 0.993~1.046) 근골격계질환의 자각증상이 증가하였던 것으로 확인되었다. 10시간 이상 작업할 경우‘증상기준 1’과‘증상기준 2’를 모두 만족시키는 경우가 2.165(95% CI: 1.156~4.131), 2.187배(95% CI: 1.071~4.651) 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다.지역환경미화원의 RULA, RULA 점수 중 상지의 subtotal A 점수, REBA, REBA 점수 중 상지 total A 점수는 모두 거리환경미화원의 점수에 비해 높게 나타났다. 결론: 거리환경미화원이 지역환경미화원에 비하여 인간공학적인 평가점수가 낮음에도, 거리환경미화원이 상대적으로 높은 반복 작업의 빈도와 10시간 이상 작업 등에 의해 상지에 대한 근골격계질환의 자각증상 호소한다고 판단된다. 환경미화원의 근골격계질환에 대한 다양한 대책들이 필요하다.

Keywords

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