Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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The Impact of Monsoon Rainfall on the Water Quality in the Upstream Watershed of Southern Han River

하절기의 집중강우가 남한강 상류수계 수질에 미치는 영향

  • Park, Sung-Min (Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University) ;
  • Shin, Yoon-Keun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University)
  • 박성민 (상지대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 신윤근 (상지대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2011.08.11
  • Accepted : 2011.12.15
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

The objective of this was to determine how the seasonal intensive rainfall influenced the water quality, and to analyze the long-term temporal trend of water chemistry and spatial heterogeneity in the upstream watershed of Southern Han River using water quality dataset from 1997 to 2007. The largest seasonal variability in most parameters occurred during the two month July and August and there were closely associated with a large spate of summer monsoon rain. Total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and suspended solids (SS) were greater during summer than any other seasons, and had a direct correlation with precipitation (r>0.4, p<0.01, n-120). In addition, dissolved oxygen (DO) had and inverse function with precipitation (r=-0.542, p<0.01). Overall, the data of total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solids (SS) showed that water quality was worst in Site I1, compared to the others. This was due to continuous effluents from the highlands' fields and cattle farms within the upstream area of Doam lake (Song stream). Based on the overall dataset, an efficient water quality management is required in the highlands and farms areas for better water quality with precipitation (r.0.4, p<0.01, n=120).

하절기 집중 강우가 남한강 상류수계 수질에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 2008~2009년 4차례 현장조사를 시행하였고 1998~2007년까지 10년간 측정된 환경부 수질자료를 분석하였다. 남한강 상류수계 내에서의 전기전도도는 하절기 강우에 의해 희석되는 효과로 집중 강우 시기에 농도가 급격히 감소하고, 질소도 집중 강우기에 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 총인, 생물학적 산소요구량과 화학적 산소요구량 등은 8월에 최대가 되는 등 대부분의 이화학적 특성이 7~8월에 집중되는 하절기 몬순강우에 의해 조절되는 것으로 사료된다. 강우와 총인, 화학적 산소요구량, 총부유물의 상관지수는 0.40 이상 (p<0.01, n=120)의 상관성을 보였으며, 용존산소는 역의 상관성 (r=-0.542, p<0.01)을 보여 강우가 수질의 이화학적 변이에 중요한 요소임을 확인하였다. 본 연구 지역의 하절기 집중 강우는 비점오염원으로부터 총인 및 총부유물 농도를 증가시키는 것으로 판단되며 상류지역에 위치한 고랭지 밭 및 축산농가 등에서 배출되는 수질 오염물질과 도심 지역의 오염부하 등에 의한 하천으로의 유입을 최소화하고 오염부하 저감을 통한 효율적인 수질관리가 요구된다.

Keywords

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