The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Immuno-stimulating and Antitumor Effects of Crude Polysaccharides Extracted from Fruiting Body of Grifola frondosa

잎새버섯(Grifola frondosa)의 자실체에서 추출한 조다당류의 면역증강 및 항암효과

  • Received : 2011.03.15
  • Accepted : 2011.03.21
  • Published : 2011.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

80% methanol and 0.9% neutral saline soluble and hot water substances (hereinafter referred to Fr. NaCl, Fr. HW and Fr. MeOH, respectively) were extracted from fruiting bodies of Grifola frondosa. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, crude polysaccharides were not cytotoxic against cancer cell lines such as Sarcoma 180 and RAW 264.7 at the concentration of 10~2000 ${\mu}g/ml$, but crude polysaccharides from Fr. NaCl was slightly toxic to HT-29 and NIH3T3 at the concentration of 2000 ${\mu}g/ml$. Intraperitoneal injection with crude polysaccharides exhibited life prolongation effect of 25.0~52.9% in mice previously inoculated with Sarcoma 180. Fr. HW increased the numbers of spleen cells by 1.3 fold at the concentration of 200 ${\mu}g/ml$ compared with control. Fr. NaCl improved the immuno-stimulating activity of B lymphocyte by increasing the alkaline phosphatase activity by 1.5 fold compared with control at the concentration of 200 ${\mu}g/ml$. 10~14 ${\mu}M$ of nitric acid were generated when Fr. NaCl was added to RAW 264.7 at the concentration of 50~500 ${\mu}g/ml$, while the control group produced 4.3 ${\mu}M$ of nitric oxide. The Fr. NaCl, Fr. HW and Fr. MeOH increased the production of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, Il-2 and IL-6 by more than 1.4 times compared with the control group. The Fr. of MeOH increased the numbers of peritoneal exudate cells and circulating leukocytes by 3.0 and 2.0 folds compared with the control at the concentration of 50 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Therefore, the crude polysaccharides extracted from fruiting bodies of Grifola frondosa could improve antitumor activity of mice.

잎새버섯의 자실체로부터 메탄올, 중성염용액 및 열수를 이용하여 조다당류를 추출하고 ICR mouse에 주사하여 항암 및 면역증강 효과를 조사하였다. 잎새버섯 조다당류의 Sarcoma 180 및 RAW 264.7에 대해 세포독성을 조사한 결과 10~2000 ${\mu}g/ml$의 조다당류 농도에서 각각의 세포는 독성을 나타내지 않았고, HT-29 및 NIH3T3 세포의 경우에는 중성염용액으로 추출한 조다당류 10~1000 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서는 독성을 보이지 않았으나 2000 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서는 약한 독성을 나타내었다. Sarcoma 180으로 접종된 ICR mouse에 잎새버섯의 자실체에서 추출한 각각의 조다당류를 투여한 실험군은 조다당류를 투여하지 않은 대조군에 비해 평균수명이 각각 25.0~52.9% 연장되었다. 열수로 추출한 조다당류를 200 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도를 처리한 비장세포 수는 대조군에 비하여 1.3배 증가하였으며, 200 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도로 중성염추출 조다당류를 투여한 실험군 생쥐 B 임파구의 alkaline phosphatase 활성은 대조군에 비해 약 1.5배 증가하였다. 대식세포 RAW 264.7에 의해 발생된 nitric oxide(NO)의 농도는 대조군이 4.3 ${\mu}M$인 것에 비해 중성염 추출 조다당류를 50~500 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도로 처리한 실험군의 대식세포는 10~14 ${\mu}M$의 nitric oxide를 발생시켰다. 메탄올, 중성염용액 및 열수로 추출한 조다당류로 처리한 비장세포는 모든 농도에서 대조군에 비해 TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-6 등의 사이토카인 분비량이 1.4배 이상 높았다. 메탄올 추출 조다당류를 50 mg/kg body weight의 농도로 투여한 실험군의 총 복강세포의 수와 백혈구의 수는 대조군에 비하여 각각 3.0배, 2.0배 증가하였다. 따라서 잎새버섯의 자실체에서 추출한 조다당류는 생쥐의 면역을 증강시키고 Sarcoma 180에 대한 항암효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Allison, D. C. and Ridolpho, P. 1980. Use of a trypan blue assay to measure the deoxyribonucleic acid content and radioactive labeling of viable cells. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 28:700-203. https://doi.org/10.1177/28.7.6156203
  2. Chihara, G., Maeda, Y., Hamuro, J., Sasaki, T. and Fukuoka F. 1969. Inhibition of mouse Sarcoma 180 by polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Nature 222:687-688. https://doi.org/10.1038/222687a0
  3. Cho, S. M., Lee, J. H., Han, S. B., Kim, H. M., Yoo, S. H. and Yoo, I. D. 1995a. Immuno-stimulating polysaccharides from the fruiting bodies of Fomitella fraxinea (1)-Characterization of polysaccharides extracted with neutral sodium chloride solution. Kor. J. Mycol. 23:332-339.
  4. Cho, S. M., Lee, J. H., Han, S. B., Kim, H. M., Yoo S. H. and Yoo, I. D. 1995b. Immuno-stimulating polysaccharides from the fruiting bodies of Fomitella fraxinea (2)-Isolation and characterization of hot-water extracted with polysaccharides. Kor. J. Mycol. 23:340-347.
  5. Choi, H. S., Jun, C. D., Lee, B. S., Lee, B. S., Park, S. D., Oh, J. S. and Chung, H. T. 1993. Effect of various extrinsic and intrinsic factors on the nitric oxide production of murine macrophage. Kor. J. BRC. 3:15-22.
  6. Choi, Y. I., Lee, K. W., Hur, H., Lee U. Y. and Lee, T. S. 2008. Immuno-potentiating and antitumor effects against mouse Sarcoma 180 by crude polysaccharides extacted from fruiting body of Russula rosacea. Kor. J. Mycol. 36:84-92. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2008.36.1.084
  7. Deonizot, F. and Lang, R. 1986. Rapid colorimetric assay for cell growth and survival modifications to the tetrazolium dye procedure giving improved sensitivity and reliability. J. Immunol. Methods 89:271-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(86)90368-6
  8. Fukuda, K., Uematsu, T., Hamada, A. Ariya, S. and Komatsu, N.1975. The polysaccharide from Lampteromyces japonicus. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 23:1955-1961. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.23.1955
  9. Hur, H., Choi, Y. I. and Lee, T. S. 2008. Antitumor and immunopotentiating activity against mouse Sarcoma 180 by crude polysaccharides extracted from fruiting body of Tricholoma matsutake. Kor. J. Life Science. 18:1290-1298. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2008.18.9.1290
  10. Jin, M. L. 1996. A study on the activation of immune cell and transcription factor of pine nut mushroom. Ph. D. thesis of Seoul National University Graduate School. pp. 1-121.
  11. Kim, B. K., Park, E. K. and Shim, M. J. 1979. Studies on constituents of higher fungi of Korea(XXIII), antineoplastic activities of Coriolus versicolor (Fr.). Quel, Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kumer and Lentnus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Arch Pharm. Res. 2:145-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02959042
  12. Kim, S. B., Lee, K. W., Kim, H. Y., Shim, M. J., Rho, H. S., Lee, H. S., Lee, M. W. Lee, U. Y. and Lee, T. S. 2006. Inhibitive effect of mouse Sarcoma 180 by crude polysaccharides extracted from fruiting Body of Armillaria mellea. Kor. J. Mycol 34:98-104. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2006.34.2.098
  13. Kim, S. B., Lee, K. W., Lee, U. Y. and Lee, T. S. 2007. Studies on immuno-modulatory and antitumor effects of crude polysaccharides extracted from fruiting body of Oudemansiella radicata. Kor. J. Mycol. 35:109-114. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2007.35.2.109
  14. Kurihara, K., Shingo, Y., Miura, N. N., Horie, S., Usui, Y., Adachi, Y., Yadomae, T. and Ohno, N. 2003. Effect of CAWS, a mannoprotein-${\beta}$ -glucan complex of Candida albicans, on leukocyte, endothelial cell, and platelet functions in vitro. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26:233-240. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.233
  15. Lee, G. W., Kim, H. Y., Lee, U. Y. and Lee, T. S. 2007. Antitumor and immuno-modulatory effect against mouse Sarcoma 180 of crude polysaccharides extracted from fruiting body of Armillaria tabescens. Kor. J. Mycol. 35:101-108. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2007.35.2.101
  16. Lee, G. W., Kim, H. Y., Hur, H., Lee, M. W., Shim, M. J., Lee, U. Y. and Lee, T. S. 2008a. Antitumor and immuno-modulatory effect of crude polysaccharides from fruiting body of Tremella aurantialba against mouse Sarcoma 180. Kor. J. Mycol. 36:66-74. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2008.36.1.066
  17. Lee, G. W., Kim, H. Y., Hur, H., Lee, T. S. and Lee, U. Y. 2008b. Antitumor and immuno-potentiating activity against mouse Sarcoma 180 by crude polysaccharides from fruiting body of Lentinus giganteus. Kor. J. Mycol. 36:75-83. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2008.36.1.075
  18. Lee, K. Y., Han, M. J., Park, S. Y. and Kim, D. H. 2000. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of the fruit body of Phellinus linteus. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 32:477-480.
  19. Oh, Y. H., Lee, U. Y., Lee, M. W., Shim, M. J. and Lee, T. S. 2004. Immuno-modulatory and antitumor effect of crude polysaccharides extracted from sclerotium of Grifola umbellata. Kor J. Mycol. 32:23-30. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2004.32.1.023
  20. Oh, Y. H., Kim, S. B., Lee, K. W., Kim, H. Y., Shim, M. J., Rho, H. S. Lee, H. S., Lee, M. W., Lee, U. Y. and Lee, T. S. 2006. The immuno-modulatory and antitumor effects of crude polysaccharides extracted from Tremella fuciformis. Kor. J. Mycol, 34: 105-111. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2006.34.2.105
  21. Park, K. J., Oh, Y. J., Lee, S. Y., Kim H. S. and Ha, H. C. 2007. Anti-diabetic effect of crude polysaccharides from Grifola frondosa in KK-Ay diabetic mouse and 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 39:330-335.
  22. Park, W. H. and Lee, H. D. 1991. Mushrooms in Korea. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea.
  23. Shim, S. M. 2003. Studies on immuno-modulatory and antitumor effects of crude polysaccharides extracted from wild medicinal mushrooms in Korea. University of Ineeon Graduate School. pp. 1-62.
  24. Shim, S. M., Im, K. H., Lee, U. Y., Kim, J. W., Shim, M. J., Lee, M. W. and Lee, T. S. 2003a. Studies on immuno-modulatory and antitmor effects of crude polysaccharides extracted from Paecilomyces sincluirii. Kor. J. Mycol. 31:155-160. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2003.31.3.155
  25. Shim, S. M., Im, K. H., Kim, J. W., Lee, U. Y., Kim, H. W., Lee, M. W. and Lee, T. S. 2003b. The immuno-modulatory and antitumor effects of crude polysaccharides extracted from Daedaleopsis tricolor. Kor. J. Mycol. 31:161-167. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2003.31.3.161
  26. Suzuki, I., Hashimoto, K., Oikawa, S., Sato, K., Osawa, M.. and Yadomae, T. 1989. Antitumor and immunomodulating activities of ${\beta}$-glucan obtained from liquid-cultured Grifola frondosa. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37:410-413. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.37.410
  27. Ying, J. Z., Mao, X. L., Ma, Q. M., Zong, Y. C. and Wen, H. A. 1987. Icons of medicinal fungi from China. Science Press, Beijing, China.

Cited by

  1. Physiological activitive of Grifola frondosa by log cultivation and bottle cultivation vol.13, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2015.13.3.185
  2. Optimum Extraction Conditions and Anticancer Effect of Functional Polysaccharide from Mycelia of Grifola frondosa vol.25, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2012.25.1.181
  3. Anticancer and Immunopotentiating Activities of Crude Polysaccharides fromPleurotus nebrodensison Mouse Sarcoma 180 vol.40, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5941/MYCO.2012.40.4.236