Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Factors for Korean Dietary Life Adaptation of Female Immigrants in Multi-cultural Families in Busan

다문화가정 결혼이주여성의 식생활적응에 영향을 미치는 요인

  • Received : 2011.12.14
  • Accepted : 2012.02.13
  • Published : 2012.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the factors affecting the dietary adaptation of female immigrants in multi-cultural families in Busan. The survey was conducted from October 10 to November 30, 2010 using questionnaires, and the data was analyzed using the SPSS program. The subjects were mainly from China (58.8%), Vietnam (14.7%), Philippines (8.8%) and Japan (7.4%). The longer they had resided in Korea, the lower their preference they had for Korean foods. There were no significant differences in preference according to their nationality. The subjects reported that their consumption of cereals (36.7%), meats (40.0%), fish (50.8%), milk and dairy products (47.4%), vegetables (48.3%), fruits (44.8%), fat and oil (29.1%) and beverages (32.8%) were increased after immigration. They usually obtained information about Korean foods from family (26.5%) and television and internet (26.5%). Sixty four point seven percent of the females ate 'everyday' Korean foods and 30.9% ate their home country foods every day. A higher will for learning Korean foods, intake frequency and age resulted in a higher adaptation of Korean dietary life. Lower marital conflict resulted in higher adaptation. These results suggest that it would be effective to provide systematic nutrition education program for female immigrants and their families to adapt to Korean dietary life.

다문화가정 결혼이주여성의 식생활 적응을 위해 식생활 및 영양지도를 위한 프로그램을 개발할 수 있는 기초자료의 수집을 위해 부산시 영도구에 거주하는 이주여성을 134명을 대상으로 신체계측 및 설문조사를 실시하였다. 2010년 10월 10일부터 11월 30일까지 다문화가정을 방문하여 조사를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 출신국가는 중국이 58.8%(조선족 4.4%)로 가장 많았으며, 베트남(14.7%), 필리핀(8.8%), 일본(7.4%) 순이었다. 연령별로 보면 '30대'가 39.7%(54명)로 가장 많았고, '40대(25.0%)', '20대(23.5%)', '50대 이상(11.8%)'순이었다. 거주기간은 '7~10년'이 가장 많았고(18.4%) '10~15년(15.5%)', '3~5년(13.2%)', '15년 이상(11.1%)' 순이었다. 조사대상자의 52.9%가 '고등학교 졸업'이었으며, 주로 전업주부(77.9%, 106명)이었다. 가구당 월소득은 '101~200만원'이 33.8%, '201~300만원' 22.1%, '100만원 이하' 13.2%이었으며, 자신이 속한 가정의 월 소득을 모르는 주부도 26.4%(36명)인 것으로 나타났다. 조사대상자의 평균 BMI는 21.94이었으나 연령이 많아질수록 BMI가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 한국음식에 대한 선호도는 '20대'가 4.50으로 가장 높았으나 '30대' 4.24, '40대' 4.07, '50대 이상' 3.29로 연령이 증가할수록 감소를 보였다. 거주연한으로 볼 때는 '1년 이하 거주'가 가장 높은 선호도(4.75)를 보였고 '5~7년 거주'에서 가장 낮은 선호도(3.70)를 보였다. 한국음식을 배우려는 학습의지는 나이에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았고 거주기간이 '1년 미만'과 '15년 이상'된 주부가 가장 높은 학습의지를 보인 반면, '5~7년'된 주부의 학습의지가 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 국적에 따른 선호도나 학습의지의 차이는 보이지 않았다. 한국음식에 관한 정보는 주로 가족(26.5%)과 TV, 인터넷(26.5%)에서 얻으며 복지관이나 보건소(13.2%), 남편(10.3%), 요리책(10.3%) 등에서 얻는 것으로 나타났다. 조사대상자가 한국음식을 먹는 빈도는 '20대'는 '일주일에 3~4회 먹는다'가 50.0%', '매일 먹는다'가 43.8%로 응답하였으나, '30대'의 66.7%, '40대'의 88.2%, '50대'의 50.0%가 '매일 먹는다'고 응답하여 나이에 따른 차이를 보였다(p<0.001). 조사대상자가 고향음식을 먹는 빈도는 '매일 먹는다(30.9%)', '일주일에 1~2회 먹는다(29.4%)'는 응답이 많았고 '전혀 먹지 않는다'는 응답자도 16.2%이었다. 한국으로 이주한 후 식품섭취량이 '증가하였다'고 응답한 비율은 곡류 36.7%, 육류는 40%, 어류는 50.8%, 우유 유제품 47.4%, 야채류 48.3%, 과일류 44.8%, 유지류 29.1%, 음료 32.8%에 달하였다. 조사대상자들이 만드는 방법을 '배우고 싶다'고 응답한 비율이 높은 음식은 육개장(32.8%), 닭찜(32.8%), 갈비찜(31.4%), 물김치(31.4%), 오이소박이(29.9%), 생선조림(28.5%), 식혜(28.5%), 열무김치(27.0%), 낙지볶음(27.0%), 콩조림(25.5%), 장조림(25.5%), 깍두기(25.5%), 빈대떡(25.5%), 북어국(25.5%), 추어탕(25.5%), 삼계탕(24.1%) 순이었다. 자신이 한국음식을 배우려는 의지가 강할수록, 한국음식 섭취빈도가 높을수록, 나이가 많을수록, 부부갈등이 적을수록 식생활 적응도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 결혼이주여성들이 한국 식생활에 잘 적응하기 위해서는 배우자와 가족구성원 모두의 이해와 협조가 필요하며, 영양교육과 식생활관리에 대한 체계적인 교육을 제공할 수 있는 모델의 개발이 필요함을 시사하는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Korea National Statistical Office. 2011. 2010 Annual report on live birth and death statistics. http://www.index.go.kr.
  2. Lee YB, Lee YK. 2009. A study on marital satisfaction of women marriage immigrant by self-differentiation. Korean J Family Social Work 26: 63-86.
  3. Kim ON. 2006. A study on the factors affecting marital conflicts of immigrant women. J Family and Culture 18: 63-106.
  4. Kim SK, Lee CJ. 2010. The effect of linguistic ability and social support on adjustment among women of multicultural families in Korea. Korean J Family Welfare 15: 5-20
  5. Lee AR. 2010. The case study on understanding and adjustment about the family living culture in marriage emigration females－focused on mothers in a day-care center in Seoul. Korean J Family Resource Management 14: 299-321.
  6. Nan LV, Katherine LC. 2004. Dietary pattern change and acculturation of Chinese Americans in Pennsylvania. J Am Diet Assoc 104: 771-778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2004.02.032
  7. Park HM, Moon ST. 2008. Analysis on the actual condition of female immigrants in rural area for social adjustment education. J Agricultural Education Human Resource Development 40: 69-91. https://doi.org/10.23840/agehrd.2008.40.2.69
  8. Park YS, Chung YS. 2005. Korean traditional food perception and cultural aspect of Korean Mongolian housewives. Korean J Food Culture 20: 35-43.
  9. Kim SH, Kim WY, Lyu JE, Chung HW, Whang JY. 2009. Dietary intakes and eating behaviors of Vietnamese female immigrants to Korea through marriage and Korean spouses and correlations of their diets. Korean J Community Nutrition 14: 22-30.
  10. Park YI. 2009. A study on multi-cultural family wives adapting to Korean cuisine and dietary patterns. MS Thesis. Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea. p 13-75.
  11. Kim JE, Kim JM, Seo SH. 2011. Nutrition education for female immigrants in multicultural families using a multicultural approach: In-depth interviews with female immigrants and nutrition education professionals. Korean J Nutr 44: 312-325. https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2011.44.4.312
  12. Jang BS. 2009. A study on dietary life of female immigrants. MS Thesis. Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. p 16-37.
  13. Kim JM, Lee NH. 2009. Analysis of the dietary life of immigrant women from multicultural families in the Daegu area. J Korean Diet assoc 15: 405-418.
  14. Lee YO. 2011. Status of diet life and nutritional education of immigrants women internationally married in the multicultural family. MS Thesis. Kunsan National University, Kunsan, Korea. p 126-130.
  15. Han GJ, Lim YS, Kim HR. 2007. Resident survey evaluating the degree of value placed on traditional Korean foods in the Kyunggi and Kangwon areas of Korea. Korean J Soc Food Cookery Sci 23: 124-139.
  16. Jang DJ, Kim SN, Kim SH, Lee KK, Lee JH. 2005. Survey of consumer perception for derivation of superior factors in various Korean traditional foods. Korean J Soc Food Cookery Sci 21: 780-812.
  17. Lee JS, Kim SJ. 2010. A comparative study on cognition and preference of Korean traditional food classified by age in Busan. Korean J Community Nutr 15: 351-360.
  18. Ministry of Health and Welfare. 2010. 2009 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Korea. p 442-448.
  19. Kang IJ. 2010. A survey on nutrition knowledge and dietary life of women in multi-cultural families. MS Thesis. Yeungnam University, Kyoungsan, Korea. p 4-39.
  20. Oh KS. 2010. Marital conflict in relation with dietary adaptation and acculturation stress among married immigrant women. MS. Thesis. Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea. p 12-55.
  21. Mohan V. 2004. Why are Indians more prone to diabetes? J Assoc Physicians India 52: 468-474.
  22. Han YH. 2010. Influential factor on Korean dietary life and eating behaviour of female marriage immigrants. MS Thesis. Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. p 28-58.
  23. Yoon HS. 2005. Conflicts and adjustments of foreign wives married to Korean men: Filipina wives in rural Korea. Korean J Local History & Culture 8: 299-339. https://doi.org/10.17068/lhc.2005.11.8.2.299

Cited by

  1. The Effect and Satisfaction Level of After-school Cooking Activities for the Children of Multicultural Families vol.30, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2015.30.5.491
  2. Meal Management Behaviors for Korean Dietary Acculturation of Multicultural Families vol.32, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2016.32.1.76
  3. Analysis of Korean Dietary Life Adaptation of Married Female Immigrants vol.22, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.2.103
  4. Japanese Female Marriage Immigrants' Dietary Life and Health-related Characteristics by Level of Dietary Adaptation after Immigration to Korea     vol.25, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2015.10.25.5.765
  5. Korean Food Acculturation Phenomena of Married Immigrant Women and Their Children’s Eating Habits vol.30, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2015.30.5.545
  6. Factors Related to Positive Changes in Perceived Health Status of Married Han Chinese and Korean-Chinese Women After Immigration to Korea vol.28, pp.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539516675697
  7. Comparison of Eating Habits and Food Preference of Elementary School Children between Multi-cultural Families and Ordinary Families in Gyeongnam Province vol.28, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2015.28.6.973
  8. Comparative Study on Dietary Life of Southeast Asian Workers Living in South Korea vol.30, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2015.30.4.422
  9. Factors Affecting Health Status and Health Behaviors of Immigrant Women in Urban and Rural Areas vol.15, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.4.2244
  10. Female Marriage Immigrants’ Information Awareness, Perception and Familiarity on Korean Food Culture by Personal Characteristics and Food Neophobia Degree vol.32, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2016.32.2.233
  11. Development of a Korean Food Culture Education Textbook for Married Female Immigrants vol.21, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.5.415
  12. Factors related to Korean Dietary Adaptation in Chinese Female Marriage Immigrants living in the Seoul Metropolitan Area vol.25, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2015.4.25.2.234
  13. Dietary behaviors of female marriage immigrants residing in Gwangju, Korea vol.49, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.3.179
  14. Dietary Behavior of Marriage Migrant Women according to Their Nationality in Multicultural Families vol.21, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.1.53
  15. Factors Influencing on Perinatal Outcomes of Asian Marriage Immigrant Women: Ten-year Experience in a Single Center vol.24, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.14734/kjp.2013.24.3.168
  16. Qualitative Study on Improvement of Operating System and Tailored Nutrition Education Program for Marriage Immigrants to Korea: Program Providers' Perspective vol.22, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2017.22.4.323
  17. Chinese Female Marriage Immigrants' Dietary Life after Immigration to Korea : Comparison between Han-Chinese and Korean-Chinese vol.19, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.4.317
  18. A Comparative Analysis of the Relationship between Food Neophobia Scale and Korean Food Perception of Southeast Asian Workers Living in South Korea vol.31, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2016.31.2.131
  19. Study on the change and acculturation of dietary pattern of Southeast Asian workers living in South Korea vol.117, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.022
  20. Food intake and nutritional status of female marriage immigrants residing in Gwangju, Korea vol.49, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.5.358
  21. 식품영양학 전공 대학생들의 다양한 식문화에 대한 지식 및 다문화 태도와 기술 vol.42, pp.8, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.8.1325
  22. 건강신념 모델에 근거한 베트남 결혼이민여성 영양교육 프로그램 개발 vol.23, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.14373/jkda.2017.23.1.64
  23. 초국적 결혼이주가정의 음식: 네트워크와 경계 넘기 vol.23, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.26863/jkarg.2017.02.23.1.1
  24. 동두천시 일부 결혼이주여성의 문화적응유형에 따른 식생활적응 및 식행동 분석 vol.16, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.14400/jdc.2018.16.4.205
  25. 다문화가정 자녀를 위한 건강식생활 부모교육 프로그램의 내용 체계 개발 vol.30, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.19031/jkheea.2018.12.30.4.113
  26. 질적연구조사를 통한 베트남 결혼이민여성과 한국인 배우자의 영양불량 원인 규명 vol.25, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.14373/jkda.2019.25.1.59